{"title":"Steady-state co-simulation with PowerFactory","authors":"M. Stifter, R. Schwalbe, F. Andrén, T. Strasser","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623317","url":null,"abstract":"Power system analysis applications like PowerFactory make it possible to investigate research questions within a dedicated domain specific environment. With the increasing complexity in cyber-physical systems the need for coupling models or systems for simulation becomes eminent. By utilizing and extending existing interfacing mechanisms the pros and cons for different coupling approaches under different simulation time scales (steady state, transient) are compared. The tight coupling using steady-state simulation together with external simulators have a significant increase in performance and usability. This paper shows the different possibilities of coupling a power system simulation application, namely PowerFactory, with other continuous and discrete event models and simulators. Selected examples for co-simulation applications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117189706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ontologies for Smart Homes and energy management: An implementation-driven survey","authors":"M. Grassi, Michele Nucci, F. Piazza","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623319","url":null,"abstract":"Semantic Web technologies have become a reference technology for information modelling and reasoning support in Smart Homes. This paper provides an extensive review of the ontologies developed in this scenario. Also, it discusses how they can be connected and expanded to create a complete framework that covers all the aspects of a Smart Home, ranging from device description to energy management, under a unifying holistic vision.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"678 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121997774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co-simulating power systems and communication network for accurate modeling and simulation of PMU based wide area measurement systems using a global event scheduling technique","authors":"Yi Deng, Hua Lin, S. Shukla, J. Thorp, L. Mili","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623313","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe our global event-driven co-simulation framework GECO that we developed to co-simulate power systems dynamics with data network activities. The GECO framework utilizes global event scheduling across two different simulators with distinct simulation disciplines - to eliminate common synchronization errors often found in federated simulation platforms. We also illustrate the use of the GECO framework on two PMU-based WAMS applications: cyber-attacks impacts analysis on all-PMU state estimation, and PMU-based out-of-step protection. The experimental results described in this paper not only show the efficacy of the GECO framework but also illustrate the utility of GECO in WAMS modeling and simulation.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123446626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation and big data challenges in tuning building energy models","authors":"J. Sanyal, J. New","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623320","url":null,"abstract":"EnergyPlus is the flagship building energy simulation software used to model whole building energy consumption for residential and commercial establishments. A typical input to the program often has hundreds, sometimes thousands of parameters which are typically tweaked by a buildings expert to “get it right”. This process can sometimes take months. “Autotune” is an ongoing research effort employing machine learning techniques to automate the tuning of the input parameters for an EnergyPlus input description of a building. Even with automation, the computational challenge faced to run the tuning simulation ensemble is daunting and requires the use of supercomputers to make it tractable in time. In this paper, we describe the scope of the problem, particularly the technical challenges faced and overcome, and the software infrastructure developed/in development when taking the EnergyPlus engine, which was primarily designed to run on desktops, and scaling it to run on shared memory supercomputers (Nautilus) and distributed memory supercomputers (Frost and Titan). The parametric simulations produce data in the order of tens to a couple of hundred terabytes. We describe the approaches employed to streamline and reduce bottlenecks in the workflow for this data, which is subsequently being made available for the tuning effort as well as made available publicly for open-science.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125452169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Security in cyber-physical energy systems","authors":"U. A. Khan, Aleksandar M. Stakovica","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623326","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider cybersecurity in the context of distributed estimation in Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (CPES). Distributed estimation is where the state of the energy system is to be estimated via a collection of geographically dispersed sensors. In order to implement the estimator, the sensors, in addition to sensing, implement a simple data fusion protocol that relies on inter-sensor communication. We study estimation of energy systems when there is an adversarial attack on the sensed and communicated information. We propose a novel methodology to address the detection of such attacks, and further incorporate appropriate remedial actions in the estimator. Our methodology is based on the notions of local consistency and nodal consistency and is further reinforced by exploiting the underlying physical-layer in the energy-system description.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133395945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelica-enabled rapid prototyping of cyber-physical energy systems via the functional mockup interface","authors":"Atiyah Elsheikh, M. Awais, E. Widl, P. Palensky","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623315","url":null,"abstract":"Modelica has achieved a great success in the last decade. Universal modeling concepts, object-oriented facilities and large set of libraries in several physical domains allow for rapid prototyping of multidisciplinary applications. A larger community can benefit from these capabilities if Modelica-based components can be integrated into their favourite simulation tools. This work addresses the impact of transferring Modelica prototyping capabilities into different classes of simulation tools: general-purpose modeling tools, domain-specific tools and academical research-oriented simulation environments. In particular, it shows that the realization of model-based research of cyber-physical systems shall benefit from the convergence of such efforts using the functional mockup interface.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132464040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Fuller, S. Ciraci, J. Daily, A. Fisher, M. Hauer
{"title":"Communication simulations for power system applications","authors":"J. Fuller, S. Ciraci, J. Daily, A. Fisher, M. Hauer","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623314","url":null,"abstract":"New smart grid technologies and concepts, such as dynamic pricing, demand response, dynamic state estimation, and wide area monitoring, protection, and control, are expected to require considerable communication resources. As the cost of retrofit can be high, future power grids will require the integration of high-speed, secure connections with legacy communication systems, while still providing adequate system control and security. The co-simulation of communication and power systems will become more important as the two systems become more interrelated. This paper will discuss ongoing work at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to create a flexible, high-speed power and communication system co-simulator for smart grid applications. The framework for the software will be described, including architecture considerations for modular, high performance computing and large-scale scalability (serialization, load balancing, partitioning, cross-platform support, etc.). The current simulator supports the ns-3 (telecommunications) and GridLAB-D (distribution systems) simulators. A test case using the co-simulator, utilizing a transactive demand response system created for the Olympic Peninsula and AEP gridSMART demonstrations, requiring two-way communication between distributed and centralized market devices, will be used to demonstrate the value and intended purpose of the co-simulation environment.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132811590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model-based evaluation of GPS spoofing attacks on power grid sensors","authors":"Ilge Akkaya, Edward A. Lee, P. Derler","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623324","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging cyber-physical system (CPS) applications require reliable time synchronization to enable distributed control and sensing applications. However, time reference signals are vulnerable to attacks that could remain undetected for a long time. Sensor-rich distributed CPS such as the “smart grid” highly rely on GPS and similar time references for sub-station clock synchronization. The vulnerability of time synchronization protocols to spoofing attacks is a potential risk factor that may lead to falsified sensor readings and, at a larger scale, may become hazardous for system safety. This paper describes a simulation-based assessment of the effect of time accuracy on time-centric power system applications. In particular, the vulnerability of power grid sensors to erroneous time references and the potential risks of time-base spoofing on power grid health are studied, using the Ptolemy modeling and simulation tool. Both the false alarm and the missed generation scenarios are considered, where the GPS spoofer may lead the substation to declare an erroneous out-of-phase situation, or the substation may be disabled to detect anomalies that are present in the incoming phase data.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129608541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier Moreno Molina, Xiao Pan, C. Grimm, Markus Damm
{"title":"A framework for model-based design of embedded systems for energy management","authors":"Javier Moreno Molina, Xiao Pan, C. Grimm, Markus Damm","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623325","url":null,"abstract":"Model-Based Design of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (CPES) is a challenge from a modeling and simulation point of view. Multi-domain and multi-scale modeling and simulation as well as high simulation performance are required in order to model distributed systems, appliances, embedded systems, electric components, and physical systems of different nature at different levels of abstraction. In this paper we describe a framework, based on SystemC, for the model-based design of embedded HW/SW systems for distributed energy management applications in buildings and neighborhoods. These embedded systems are included in smart appliances, that are capable of gather information, control the appliance and communicate with the network. Communication (wireless, PLC) is modeled using TLM extensions, in order to achieve high simulation performance. On the other hand, physical domains are modeled using AMS extensions. For demonstration, we model, simulate and evaluate the performance of an in-house energy management system.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133446209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the capacity value of renewable energy sources in the presence of energy storage and ramping constraints","authors":"A. Lamadrid, T. Mount, R. Zimmerman","doi":"10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MSCPES.2013.6623322","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to analyze the value that renewable energy sources (RES) have in providing capacity, and specifically study the interactions that take place in the presence of energy storage systems (ESS) and ramping constraints. To examine this question, we use a new analytical framework that optimizes over different high and low probability scenarios using a stochastic, security constrained Optimal Power Flow (S-SC-OPF). We are interested in the effect of adding a significant amount of RES and analyze the individual generator response and the consequences for overall system metrics. Past studies have shown that, while higher RES penetrations are usually associated to lower system costs, including the provision of ancillary services, the most common direct collateral consequence is the increase in the total generating capacity needed to reliably operate the system [1]. Our model determines the amount of reserves as an endogenous variable, given a set of credible contingencies and a characterization of the uncertainty coming from the renewable energy sources. The main advantage of this model is the explicit inclusion of the cost for the capacity required, both for contingency reserve and for ramping transitions between periods of analysis, as well as a valuation of the wear-and-tear incurred by the generators in these transitions. Our approach simulates several periods applying a S-SC-OPF that minimizes the total system costs including the procurement of energy and ancillary services. We applied this model to a reduction of the Northeastern Power Coordinating Council (NPCC) and calibrate the demand to a day similar to the loading conditions in a hot summer. The system results show reduction of system costs adding wind and storage into the system while helping reduce capacity.","PeriodicalId":150042,"journal":{"name":"2013 Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (MSCPES)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134148383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}