Journal of Advances in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES USED IN SOYBEAN SEED TREATMENT ON OIL, PROTEIN AND FIBRE CONTENT OF HARVESTED SEEDS","authors":"Pavel Prochzka, Premysl Tranc, Katerina Pazder, Jaroslav Å Tranc, Jan Vostå˜El","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6410","url":null,"abstract":"In 4-year trials, soybean seeds were treated with biologically active substances: Lignohumate B (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids), Lexin (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins), brassinosteroid (a synthetic analog of natural epibrassinolide 24) and so-called “Complex seed treatment” (a mixture of a saturated solution of sucrose, Lexin, the fungicide Maxim XL 035 FS and adjuvant on the base of pinolene). After harvesting soybean seeds from the individual variants, they were analyzed for oil, protein and fibre contents. The results show that the most effective method was Complex seed treatment” which, compared to the untreated variant, significantly increased not only the yield but also the oil content of the seeds.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"58 1","pages":"1178-1184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78115520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENOTYPE AND TIME OF INOCULATION EFFECTS ON DON PER GRAIN AND GRAIN WEIGHT OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER TWO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS","authors":"V. Okereke","doi":"10.24297/jaa.v7i4.6358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v7i4.6358","url":null,"abstract":"Experiment was conducted using near isogenic lines of Mercia background in a controlled environment to evaluate the mean effect of timing of inoculation and subsequent increase in temperature on deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration, amount of DON per grain and grain weight. The experiment was completely randomised consisting of three genotypes differing in semi-dwarfing alleles; Mercia 0 {Rht-B1a + Rht-D1a (wild type)}, Mercia 1 (Rht-B1b) and Mercia 2 (Rht-D1b) and four inoculation timings. The experiment was a complete factorial combination with four randomised replicates. Data showed that genotype differed in DON concentration (P<0.001), DON per grain (P=0.006) and mean grain weight (P=0.001) while time of inoculation influenced mean grain weight (P<0.001) and DON Concentration (P<0.001) but not Don per grain (P=0.23). Temperature influenced mean grain weight (P=0.002) with high temperature adversely affecting the size of the wheat grains.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"40 1","pages":"1185-1188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90516711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIO- AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF RURAL - URBAN BALANCE IN IRAN","authors":"M. Sheykhi","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6424","url":null,"abstract":"The article assesses how socio-agricultural development will sustain as a result of a balanced scale of rural-urban equality. However, increasing migration from rural to urban areas highly affects productivity and the infrastructure of the productivity in urban sectors. The process of modernization is highly responsible for the change, and a motivator for rural-urban migration not only in Iran, but in China, India and many other developing countries. The emerging scenario is contributing to increasing issues. The article concludes that rural and urban, or so to say, agriculture and industry benefit each other. The paper reaches the point that rural-urban balance optimistically leads to socio-economic development and sustainable growth. On the other hand, increasing and unbridled urbanization leads to declining raw materials needed for industrial development and urban productivity. The article reflects the merits, demerits and the challenges of the current transformation.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"30 1","pages":"1171-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81644036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF SELECTED INSECTICIDES AGAINST WHITEFLY (Bemisia tabaci) ON BRINJAL CROPS AND THEIR EFFECT ON NATURAL ENEMIES","authors":"M. Zaini","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6356","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was carried out for two cropping periods in the first season in year 2014 and the second season in 2015. This study was carried out at “share farm”, Agrotechnology Plantation UiTM Melaka, Campus Jasin to examine the efficacy of selected insecticides against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on brinjal crops and the effect on natural enemies (Spider) under field conditions. Five treatments with four replications were applied. The treatments were T0= Control (water), T1= Imidacloprid (Confidor), T2= Acetamiprid (Mospilan), T3= Dinotefuran (Oshin) and T4= Cyantraniliprole (Benevia). Pre-treatment and post-treatment observation were recorded which is one day before application and 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after application of insecticides. A total of two applications of treatments were done. The results revealed that Imidacloprid was recorded as the most effective and the highest reduction of whiteflies during the first season with 96.73%, followed by Acetamiprid (92.44%), Cyantraniliprole (82.65%) and Dinotefuran (80.74%) while during the second season, Imidacloprid also was recorded as the highest reduction with 79.99%, followed by Acetamiprid (76.34%), Cyantraniliprole (54.09%) and Dinotefuran (36.87%). Overall, chemical control of Imidacloprid was the most effective against whiteflies populations in brinjal particularly in the first season as compared to second season. The effect of these selected insecticides on natural enemies (Spider) revealed that chemical control of Imidacloprid gave the highest reduction of spider with 65.69%), followed by Cyantraniliprole (64.47%), Acetamiprid (41.44%) and Dinotefuran (15.45%). Imidacloprid and Cyantraniliprole were classified as moderately harmful to spider while Acetamiprid and Dinotefuran were classified as harmless or slightly harmful.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"51 1","pages":"1151-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78961743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethological control of Conotrachelus dubiae in camu-camu fruits [Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) H.B.K.]","authors":"M. P. Panduro, R. Bardales-Lozano, Joel VÁSQUEZ-BARDALES, Elvis Paredes-Davila, Carlos Abanto-Rodríguez, Jaime Durand-valencia","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I4.6347","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to evaluate methods for the control of the weevil (Conotrachelus dubiae) of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) in a floodplain plot of a farmer near Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. Twenty-eight 6-year-old plants with similar architecture and branching were selected for the study. The treatments were: adhesive tape (T1), bottle with attractive food (T2), pegant yellow sheet (T3) and control (T4) with randomized complete block design (DBCA), 7 replicates and 1 plant per experimental unit. The total number of fruits (NTF), fruits attacked by weevil (FAG), fallen fruits (FC), fruits weight (PF) and fruit yield (RF) were evaluated. Significant differences were found between treatments for NTF, FAG and FC, and no differences were found for PF. The NTF for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were: 353, 280, 143 and 125 respectively. The highest RF values corresponded to T1 (3.03 kg / pl) and T2 (2.78 kg / pl). T1 caused the lowest values of  FC(16%) and  FAG (22.73%). Negative correlations were found between RF versus FAG (r = -0.57) and FC (-0.73). We conclude that the most effective control against  C. dubiae is the application of the trap with adhesive tapes.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"3 1","pages":"1162-1170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76653051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROLE OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS IN PATHOGENICITY OF SOME DOMESTIC ANIMALS","authors":"M. Mohammadabadi","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6325","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridium perfringens, is an anaerobic, gram-positive, pathogenic and spore-forming bacillus and broadly gave out in our territory. This bacterium has spore formation capability and creating gangrene and gastrointestinal disease, for example food poisoning and necrotic enteritis in human, whilst in other animals, gastrointestinal and enterotoxemic diseases more happening. Prevalence of necrotic enteritis, created by C. perfringens, has been often stated in sheep, chickens and ostrich throughout the world. The most critical problem for epidemiological investigations and vaccines improvement is accurate recognition of C. perfringens variants. Moreover, Small ruminants, especially native breed types, play an important role to the livelihoods of a considerable part of human population in the tropics from socio-economic aspects. Therefore, integrated attempt in terms of management and genetic improvement to enhance production is of crucial importance. Poultry provide humans with companionship, food and fiber in the form of eggs, meat and feathers. Many people love to raise and show chickens and other poultry species at fairs and other poultry shows. Others just love to raise them for backyard pets and for fresh eggs every day. In the last few years, ostrich farming has progressed dramatically and the world ostrich industry has achieved some economic stability. There is considerable scope for improvement in the areas of artificial incubation, chick nutrition, environmental requirements and selective breeding. Hence, the aim of this paper was to study role of Clostridium perfringens in pathogenicity of sheep, broilers and Ostrich. In conclusion, recognition of toxins producing by C. perfringens is very momentous because their toxin types are related to particular gastric and intestinal animal sickness and PCR has become an essential research and diagnostic tool, being a powerful technique with a vast and increasing range of applications. Hence, it is better that animal breeders identify different types of C. perfringens using PCR technique to prevent the damage caused by this bacterium.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"102 1","pages":"1117-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77467336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience in dairy farm businesses; to ‘bounce without breaking’","authors":"N. Shadbolt, Femi Olubode-Awosola, Bvundzai Rutsito","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6401","url":null,"abstract":"New Zealand dairy farmers face an increasingly turbulent business environment. To cope with a turbulent environment, they need to have resilient farming systems that have the capacity to better deal with volatility. The main purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of what resilience means for dairy farming and to determine how it might be measured. Resilience can be described as buffer capacity, adaptability and transformability with increasing degrees of change required with each. The research for this paper focused on buffer capacity, the ability of a farming system to ‘bounce without breaking’, and carried out rigorous statistical analysis of the DairyBase® database to identify resilience surrogate measures. Of the three attributes of buffer capacity the PCA method identified that the dominant attribute was resistance (both technical and financial efficiency), the less dominant were precariousness (solvency) and latitude (liquidity) attributes. In conclusion, the farms that were able to demonstrate both short-term optimization and long-term adaptability were those that were neither low input nor high input pasture based farms. They had farming systems that were able to both respond to favourable and unfavourable conditions to improve or protect results respectively; they displayed the flexibility to bounce and not break.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"16 1","pages":"1138-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74529350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES ON RUMEN FERMENTATION RATE, FORAGE BIOMASS PRODUCTION, AND GRAIN YIELD DYNAMICS UNDER THE GRAZED OUT BY STEERS.","authors":"B. Min, W. E. Pinchak, D. Malinowski","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6298","url":null,"abstract":"Little information is available comparing wheat forage varieties, rumen fermentation and biomass production for different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. A combination of grazing and in vitro experiments was conducted at Texas A & M (TAM) AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Vernon, TX from 2003 to 2004.  Our objective was to determine the effects of wheat varieties (WV) and forage allowances (FA) on in vitro rumen fermentation rate, forage biomass production, time of sampling, and grain yields under grazing by steers. The 2003 experiment consisted of 14 commercial wheat cultivars (a part of the UVT collection) and was a part of the TAM Wheat Breeding Program statewide evaluation test. Hereford steers (Bos tuurus L.; 220 to 233 kg) were grazed from November 2003 to May 2004. Grain yield was measured in May 2004. Across WV, total forage protein and soluble protein content were declined from February to March 2004. Total forage protein contents were higher for HG-9, Thunderbolt and Maton Rye than for Lockett, Cutter, Jagalene and Triticale in March. In vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility (IVDMD) was greater (P<0.01) for Maton Rye than for other WV. Forage DM production varied between FA (P<001), grazing (P<0.001), and WV (P<0.001), with no FA x WV and FA x WV x grazing interactions. Total forage DM production was greater (P<0.001) for Gagalene, Longhoern, TAM 111, TAM Bar 501, Lockett, Marton rye, and Jagalene than for HG-9, Triticale 5019, and Triticale 6331 WV in high-FA during grazing, but DM production in un-grazed plot was higher for Triticale 5019, TAM Bar 501 and Jagalene than for HG-9 and Ogallala varieties during the end of March. Across FA, forage DM production (kg DM/ha) in high-FA was higher (P<0.001) DM production than low-FA. Potential in vitro rumen DM disappearance rate (a+b; %) was not differences among WV and time of sampling date, but instantly solubilized rate (a) in the rumen was higher (P<0.05) for Maton rye and Cutter in February and Triticale, Maton rye and Jagalene in March 17 than for other WV, which lead to differentiation of high soluble carbohydrate among forage WV. Similar to rumen DM disappearance rate, instantly NDF solubilized rate (a: %) in the rumen were higher (P<0.05) for Triticale, Maton rye and Jagalene in March 17 than for other WV, suggests that higher rate of instantly solubilized of DM, rate of disappearance rate, and instantly solubilized NDF in the rumen may lead to initiating trigger factor for frothy bloat and need to further study. When steers grazing on high-FA, grain yields were greater (P<0.01) for 2174, Lockett, Thurnderbolt, TAM 111, and HG-9 than for low-FA, with Gagalene and Cutter being produced higher (P<0.01) grain yield than other WV. The pull of date (POD) response to grain yield depends upon the time of date with no or variable responses of grain yield with increasing time of date up to March 08. When POD after March 08 or thereafter, grain yield progressively decreased with ti","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"19 1","pages":"1122-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89925889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF TIMBER MARKET OF MALAYSIA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY AND EMPLOYMENT","authors":"K. Umachandran, B. Sawicka","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6314","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the state of the global wood markets, which shows the evolution of forest resources and margins on the timber market over time. The underlying case has been discussed and discussed. Alternative scenarios are presented that allow one to consider some important questions about the behavior of the wood market and the future supply of industrial wood. (1) What happens along the northern and tropical margin? (2) What is the role of wood plantations? and (3) How should management change in the Malaysian market change? The baseline situation suggests that both prices and crop communities are growing in 150 years, with the largest harvest coming from existing and emerging plantations. Future harvest returns will result mainly from intensified management, through additional plantation and higher levels of management in selected forests rather than higher yields in inaccessible forests. Prices and harvest are most sensitive to alternative needs (paper, firewood) and scenarios for creating new plantations and less vulnerable to the costs of access to remote forests.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"185 1","pages":"1109-1116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76859409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AZOSPIRILLUM STRAINS AS BIOFERTILIZERS AND BIOCONTROL AGENTS -A PRACTICAL REVIEW","authors":"S. Fendrihan, F. Constantinescu, O. Sicuia, S. Dinu","doi":"10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JAA.V7I3.6324","url":null,"abstract":"Azospirillum biofertilizers have a history going back to the beginning of the XXth However, researches still have to find new and competitive strains and improve biofertilizers production and application techniques. They are one of te most used biofertilizers in organic farming. The present paper review and analyses the development of the new agriculture using such microorganism, and showing not only the biofertilization effect but some biocontrol properties of the presented strains. The products containing Azospirillum strains and their use begin to play an important role in modern agriculture and in special in some countries in course of development as an alternative to chemical expensive and some time not environmental friendly products. Countries from Asia, South America, use it in huge quantities. In developed area of the lobe, there are only some tiny initiative, mainly because the multinational companies, and because of the legislation in use.","PeriodicalId":14915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Agriculture","volume":"67 1","pages":"1096-1108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78988386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}