Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances最新文献

{"title":"Types of Animal Diseases and Their Potential Threats to Sustainability of Animal Biodiversity","authors":"Aweke Engdawork","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.227.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.227.238","url":null,"abstract":"Animal genetic resource diversity ensures the continuity of biodiversity and their survival as adaptation to several challenges and agro-ecologies. Animal biodiversity has valuable contribution in animal products variety and to their ecological balance. Currently, animals and their genetic diversity are being under several threats, challenging their sustainability and survival. Infectious diseases are emerged as a potential threat to several animal species and breeds, particularly challenging endangered or at risk animal species/breeds. There are many animal diseases which are contagious, virulent and epizootics inducing dramatic mortality and morbidity in both domestic and wild animal population. Invasive infectious diseases are spreading to susceptible populations unaffected before including to species already being threatened by other factors. Emerged infectious diseases are already been involved in the extinction of some species while threatening exist in most of animal species. Generally, animal epizootics affect about 5% of globally threatened birds (67 species) and 26 species (3%) of threatened mammals are impacted by infectious disease. However, huge impact is observed in amphibians that are particularly affected by disease with 17% (317 species). Different animal diseases possess a significant threat and can wipe out most or entire susceptible animal breed/species or multi-species. Rinderpest, Anthrax, African horse sickness, Avian influenza, Newcastle disease, Rabies, Canine distemper, chytridiomycosis, etc., all these can highly threat susceptible animal species/breed. Rinderpest and rabies with canine distemper has threatened Ethiopian cattle population and the endangered Ethiopian wolf, respectively while anthrax outbreak caused threats in herbivores population’s at Mago National Park. Infectious diseases are one of the constraints in the survival and conservation effort of animal genetic resource diversity. Therefore, organized diseases surveillance and control strategies should be employed to safeguard the sustainability of animal biodiversity. Furthermore, advanced studies are required to clarify current distribution and intensity of diseases impact on global animal biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46201122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Thawing Time and High Temperature on Frozen Thawed Bull Semen Traits","authors":"Edis Yilmaz, K. Ak, A. Baran","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.239.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.239.245","url":null,"abstract":": In this study was to investigate the effect of high temperature thawing and post-thaw cold shock application on sperm motility as well as acrosomal and total abnormalities of frozen bull semen. Four Holstein bulls were used to frozen semen in 0.25 mL straws. Semen of each bulls were thawed in 45 sec at 37°C (Group A = Control group) in 15 sec at 50°C (Group B) and 5 sec at 70°C (Group C) and post-thawing cold shock (300 sec at 5°C) were applied to all groups. After spermatozoa motility and morphological examinations are performed sperm samples were incubated at 35°C for 120 min and spermatological traits were repeated. Semen samples from the control and treatment groups were placed in an incubator taking into consideration the medium conditions (Modified buffered Hepes medium) and the time needed for spermatozoa to reach the fertilization site. Motility and morphological defects rates were determined with phase contrast microscopy and motility rate and speed with sperm fertility analyser (SFA-500). The Hancock’s solution was used for morphologic examination of spermatozoa (acrosome, other and total). In computer aided sperm fertility analyser, motility and movement were performed in according to the technique. In conclusion, it has been found that the conventional thawing method and rapid thawing technique are successful methods where the thawing method applied to Group B damaged spermatozoon viability. The rate of thawing in Group B did not protect the spermatozoa from dissolving or from the harmful effects of cold shock.","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44993109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Haematological Parameters of West African Dwarf Goats Fed Water Hyacinth Ensiled with Breadfruit","authors":"T. Abegunde, T. F. Akinropo","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.260.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.260.269","url":null,"abstract":"Ruminant animal production in the dry season is usually problematic as weight losses are experienced arising from scarcity of forages. Conservation of Water Hyacinth (WH) (Eicchornia crassipes) ensiled with Breadfruit (BF) can help to bridge this gap. This study investigated the feeding value of WH ensiled with different levels of BF (at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the total silage diet mixture) as feed for West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Chopped WH (2-3 cm) and BF were mixed together while sawdust was included at a constant level of 10% in all treatments and designated as diets 1-5, respectively. The mixture was ensiled for 28 days. A total of 25 growing WAD goats of both sexes (5-7 months old) weighing between 4.25-5.50 kg were randomly allotted 5 experimental diets. Data on proximate composition, growth, nutrient utilization and haematology were collected and subjected to a one way analysis of variance using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedures of SAS while differences between means were separated using the Duncan’s multiple range test of the same package. The proximate composition showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in all parameters as Breadfruit increased in silage diets except for crude protein and ash. Increasing levels of BF in silage diets had a significant (p<0.05) effect on intake. Average daily gain (g/day) for goats were similar in diets 3 (36.36), 4 (39.24) and 5 (37.93) and higher (p<0.05) than those for animals on diet 1 (29.48). The feed conversion ratio for goats on diets 1 and 2 (9.65 and 9.53, respectively) were poorer than those (7.86, 7.55 and 7.81) obtained for goats fed diets 3-5, respectively. Nitrogen intake, faecal nitrogen and nitrogen loss (g/day) were higher (p<0.05) in goats fed diet 1 than in other diets. Haematological parameters improved as BF increased in silage diets. Glucose values (54.76-86.31 mg/dL) increased (p<0.05) across diets while total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine were unaffected by silage diets. Results demonstrated that water hyacinth diets ensiled with Breadfruit have potentials as feed for ruminants with optimum results in silage diets with Breadfruit inclusion levels of 30%.","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46142191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Morphological Studies on Testes and Seminal Vesicles of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Nile Tilapia (Tilapia nilotica)","authors":"A. Danmaigoro, S. Hena, I. Ibrahim, S. Shehu, M. Mahmud, S. Muhammed, J. Stephen, A. Bello","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.208.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.208.214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":"18 1","pages":"208-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45566314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects on Performance, Organic Digestibility and Some Blood Parameters of Use of Wafer in Local Calves Rations as Alternative Feed","authors":"Y. Retnani, I. Prihantoro, A. Jayanegara, Idat Galih Permana, M. Royan, Isal Mawardi, T. .","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.270.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.270.277","url":null,"abstract":": Sub-sector of livestock has an important role in the life and development of human resources in Indonesia. An important issue on agribusiness beef cattle is a continuous population decline every year. The application of technology has to be initiated in order to obtain production efficiency and production cost efficiency. One of the factors that affect the productivity of livestock is feed. The major constraints of ruminant feed are low quality of forage, the low level of palatability and digestibility. To solve this problem is making forage waste into wafer feed supplement. The aim of this experiment was to determine the nutrient content on wafer feed supplement and productivity of local calf that were given by wafer feed supplement. This research was conducted at Laboratory of Feed Industry, Bogor Agricultural University and the performance test at Karya Anugrah Rumpin Corporation on March-April 2016. To determine the nutrient content of wafer feed supplements used proximate analysis. The experiment of productivity used 12 heads of male local calves (Sumba Ongol calves) with average body weight around 136±22.46 kg with ages around 12-18 months. The experimental local calves were maintained individually. The experimental design used randomized block design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were feeding patterns of wafer feed supplement i.e., T1 = 0% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T2 = 10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T3 = King grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate, T4 = Concentrate+king grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement. The parameters measured were productivity of local calves, i.e., daily weight gain, final body weight, consumption, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, blood cholestrol, blood glucose, blood protein. It was concluded that feeding pattern wafer feed supplement can increase consumption and not influence condition of local calves. It was concluded that daily weight gain by feeding wafer supplement feed 42-45% higer than conventional feed. High crude protein of wafer feed supplement is good supplement for ruminant in the tropic.","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47372563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Propofol and Ketamar on Both Clinical and Hematological Parameters in Pre-Medicated Egyptian Donkeys","authors":"M. Fathy, Mourad M. Mahmoud","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49026005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the South American Fur Seal (Arctocephalus australis) Electrocardiogram","authors":"M. Dassis, Alejandro Díaz, C. León, D. Rodríguez, E. Rodríguez, A. P. León, E. Castro","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.98.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.98.107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44441475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Immunoglobulins and Lipid Profile of Sheep as Affected by Selenium and Vitamin E Administration","authors":"S. Musa, I. Bitto, J. Ayoade, E. Oyedipe","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49594474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of Live Attenuated and Inactivated Fowl Adenovirus in Commercial Broiler Chickens","authors":"M. S. Norfitriah, M. Hair-Bejo, C. Zhe","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.84.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.84.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48502299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Mastitis in Cows Induced by Field Isolates of Nocardia farcinica","authors":"Abdelbasit O. Ahmed, H. A. E. Babiker, A. Mahgoub, M. Hamid","doi":"10.36478/javaa.2019.11.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.11.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42706355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}