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Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System最新文献

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Temporal Response Properties of Optic Neuritis Patients Manifesting Statokinetic Dissociation (SKD) 静态动力学解离(SKD)视神经炎患者的时间反应特性
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1990.mb6
E. Casson, P. Hwang, Chris A. Johnson, M. Osako
{"title":"Temporal Response Properties of Optic Neuritis Patients Manifesting Statokinetic Dissociation (SKD)","authors":"E. Casson, P. Hwang, Chris A. Johnson, M. Osako","doi":"10.1364/navs.1990.mb6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1990.mb6","url":null,"abstract":"Statokinetic dissociation (SKD) refers to a greater impairment for detecting stationary targets (e.g., static perimetry) relative to detecting moving targets (e.g., kinetic perimetry). Riddoch (1917) originally described this phenomenon in a small group of patients with post-chiasmal lesions, although Zappia, Enoch, Stamper and Winkelman (1971) subsequently reported its presence in several cases of chiasmal disorders and optic neuropathies. Recent investigations (Safran and Glaser, 1980; Johnson and Keltner, 1980; Wedemeyer, Johnson and Keltner, 1989) indicate that SKD is probably most prevalent in optic nerve disease, particularly optic neuritis.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129821496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Waterloo Vision and Mobility Study: Vision Impairment in the Control of Posture 滑铁卢视力和运动研究:姿势控制中的视力损害
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1993.nsub.4
D. Elliott, J. Flanagan, A. Patla, Sandy Spaulding, Shirley Rietdyck, G. Strong
{"title":"The Waterloo Vision and Mobility Study: Vision Impairment in the Control of Posture","authors":"D. Elliott, J. Flanagan, A. Patla, Sandy Spaulding, Shirley Rietdyck, G. Strong","doi":"10.1364/navs.1993.nsub.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1993.nsub.4","url":null,"abstract":"The control of stable upright posture is a prerequisite for many tasks of daily living. The transition from quadrupedal to bipedal stance has made this seemingly simple task far more challenging. The base of support has been reduced and the large mass of upper body is balanced high above the ground. The upright stance is regulated by three major sensory modalities, vision, vestibular and the kinesthetic system. Vision provides expropioceptive information about body movements and their relation to the environment. The vestibular system provides a gravio-inertial reference frame, detecting angular and linear accelerations of the head. The kinesthetic system is the source of information about body movements and is referred to the support surface. It is evident that there is overlapping information amongst these three modalities. When one is comprised, the other systems can compensate.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132380127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tracking Strategy in Normal Subjects with Computer Generated Scotoma 计算机生成暗点的正常受试者跟踪策略
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1992.sua3
P. Pidcoe, B. L. Zuber, T. McMahon
{"title":"Tracking Strategy in Normal Subjects with Computer Generated Scotoma","authors":"P. Pidcoe, B. L. Zuber, T. McMahon","doi":"10.1364/navs.1992.sua3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.sua3","url":null,"abstract":"Visual tracking experiments were conducted on five visually unimpaired subjects. During each of four 1 hour sessions, each subject was asked to track a computer generated target using their eyes only. The stimulus target occupied 0.2° of visual angle and moved horizontally through a range of ± 5°, in periodic sinusoidal and non-periodic patterns. Head stabilization was achieved with a head-rest and bite-bar. Horizontal eye movements were computer sampled at 500 samples/sec from the output of a limbus tracker, and vertical eye movements were sampled from the output of a video based pupil tracker (ISCAN). The first session was used to collect baseline tracking data from each subject. In each of the last three sessions, a software control algorithm allowed horizontal eye position to be utilized as a feedback signal, thus simulating experimenter designed central scotomas. These scotomas had the properties shown in the figure below, and were defined to have horizontal widths of ± 1°, ±2° and ±3° degrees. The vertical eye position data was used in conjunction with know cross-talk characteristics to identify and remove trials in which vertical eye position deviations corrupted the horizontal eye position measure.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130063529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Microscope Based LDV Camera 新型显微镜LDV相机
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1991.tub3
R. Shonat, C. Riva, B. Petrig
{"title":"New Microscope Based LDV Camera","authors":"R. Shonat, C. Riva, B. Petrig","doi":"10.1364/navs.1991.tub3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1991.tub3","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) is a powerful non-invasive technique for measuring retinal and optic nerve blood flow1. To date, the laser delivery and detection systems necessary for LDV in the eye have been incorporated in a slit-lamp microscope2,3 and fundus camera4. These instruments are optimized for a seated subject with eyes facing forward, but are not well suited to other configurations. To provide for LDV under more general circumstances (such as during a surgical procedure on an operating table), a LDV system has been incorporated in an operating microscope (model OPMI-1, Zeiss). This instrument and its applications are described below.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130181748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Can The Pupillary Responses in Man Provide an Estimate of the Absolute Sensitivity of the Visual Pathway? 人类瞳孔反应能否提供视觉通路绝对敏感度的估计?
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1988.tha2
Barbara E. Stewart, R. Young
{"title":"Can The Pupillary Responses in Man Provide an Estimate of the Absolute Sensitivity of the Visual Pathway?","authors":"Barbara E. Stewart, R. Young","doi":"10.1364/navs.1988.tha2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1988.tha2","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies (Birch and Birch, 1987; Trejo and Cicerone, 1982; Schweizer, 1955) have used the pupillary light response to derive relative sensitivity estimates of the afferent visual pathway. The present study examines whether the pupillary response can provide an absolute sensitivity estimate. More specifically, this study addresses two questions: (i) Is a pupillary response elicited by flashes that are detected by the subject only 50% of the time? (ii) Does the pupil response occur on trials that the subject detects the flash, on trials that the subject does not detect the flash, or on both trials that are detected and not detected?","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114310257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intensity Dependence of cGMP Models Applied to A-Wave Leading Edge 应用于a波前缘的cGMP模型的强度依赖性
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1992.tua2
M. Breton, E. Pugh, A. Schueller
{"title":"Intensity Dependence of cGMP Models Applied to A-Wave Leading Edge","authors":"M. Breton, E. Pugh, A. Schueller","doi":"10.1364/navs.1992.tua2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.tua2","url":null,"abstract":"Two quantitative models of the cGMP phototransduction cascade have been proposed based on studies of the photocurrent response in isolated amphibian rods (Cobbs and Pugh, 1987; Lamb and Pugh, 1991). These models, when fitted to photocurrent data, provide estimates of rate parameters of the cGMP cascade. Application of such quantitative models to a-wave data of the ERG can, in principle, provide information equivalent to that obtained from isolated rods at the biochemical level on photoreceptor function in vivo. Information at this biochemical level has not been obtained previously from corneal ERG recordings and has the potential to provide a basis for new, more fundamental, understanding of retinal disease processes affecting both photoreceptor and inner retinal elements.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134198411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Scheimpflug Slit-Lamp Photographic Characterization of the Aging of the Human Crystalline Lens and the Development of Presbyopia Scheimpflug裂隙灯摄影表征人体晶状体老化和老花眼的发展
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1990.wd1
J. Koretz, P. Kaufman
{"title":"Scheimpflug Slit-Lamp Photographic Characterization of the Aging of the Human Crystalline Lens and the Development of Presbyopia","authors":"J. Koretz, P. Kaufman","doi":"10.1364/navs.1990.wd1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1990.wd1","url":null,"abstract":"The slit-lamp biomicroscope is essential in the clinical evaluation of the human ocular anterior segment. A narrow slit of intense white light is shone into the globe, illuminating a thin optical section of the anterior segment, and the illuminated section is examined at an angle through a icroscope. While qualitatively useful, the resultant image is quantitatively severely distorted by the angle of observation, which is a variable projection of the true spacings, and by the passage of the scattered light through the cornea, a strong and sharply curved refractor.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122132809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Effects of Distortion Due to Image Enhancement on Face Recognition 图像增强失真对人脸识别的影响
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1992.sub2
E. Peli, G. M. Young, M. Lee, Clement L. Trempe
{"title":"Effects of Distortion Due to Image Enhancement on Face Recognition","authors":"E. Peli, G. M. Young, M. Lee, Clement L. Trempe","doi":"10.1364/navs.1992.sub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.sub2","url":null,"abstract":"The loss of sensitivity at high spatial frequencies and the difficulties that many low-vision patients have in recognizing faces led us to test and demonstrate that (nonlinear) highpass filtering of images may improve recognition of faces (Peli et al, 1991a).","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122019424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Laser Focal Electroretinography Reveals Unique Macular Responses 激光聚焦视网膜电图显示独特的黄斑反应
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1992.suc1
P. Gouras, R. Lopez, S. Yamamoto, H. Rosskothen
{"title":"Laser Focal Electroretinography Reveals Unique Macular Responses","authors":"P. Gouras, R. Lopez, S. Yamamoto, H. Rosskothen","doi":"10.1364/navs.1992.suc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.suc1","url":null,"abstract":"We have constructed an instrument that allows us to view the fundus and a laser beam that can be shifted to different positions on the retina. The helium-neon laser subtends approximately 3° of visual angle and is square wave flickered with equal light/dark cycles at 5.1 Hertz. We can shift from a 633 nm to a 544 nm laser allowing a comparison of responses to two different parts of the spectrum. The electroretinogram (ERG) produced by the flicker is detected by an electrode embedded in a corneal contact lens. Retinal adaptation is maintained by a steady white light, bright enough to permit easy viewing of the fundus and to minimize responses to scattered light and sufficient to completely saturate rod responses. The studies reported here have been carried out on four eyes of two normal rhesus monkeys tested under anesthesia repeatedly over a period of one year.","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125218471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Polaroid Photoscreening for Amblyogenic Factors in a Normal Population 正常人群中弱智因素的宝丽来光筛选
Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/navs.1992.tud4
K. Preston, Caroline Morris, R. Morris, William Scott, Jo Cook-Buchenau, C. Dungy
{"title":"Polaroid Photoscreening for Amblyogenic Factors in a Normal Population","authors":"K. Preston, Caroline Morris, R. Morris, William Scott, Jo Cook-Buchenau, C. Dungy","doi":"10.1364/navs.1992.tud4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/navs.1992.tud4","url":null,"abstract":"Amblyopia is a leading cause of vision loss.1,2 Since early identification and treatment of amblyopia may lead to more favorable acuity outcomes, considerable attention has been paid to the development of amblyopia screening techniques.3,4 The direct measurement of visual acuity in very young and preverbal children can be time consuming in the context of mass screenings5-8, expensive9, and may tend to underestimate the incidence and magnitude of amblyopia.6 Therefore, most screening methodologies are based on the identification of amblyogenic factors (i.e., strabismus, refractive errors and media opacities).","PeriodicalId":148775,"journal":{"name":"Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125507814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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