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Journal De Physique Iv最新文献

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Caractérisation du seuil de dommage dans les cristaux de saphir dopé au titane avec des impulsions de durée nanoseconde, picoseconde et femtoseconde 纳米秒、皮秒和飞秒脉冲对钛掺杂蓝宝石晶体损伤阈值的表征
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006138019
F. Canova, J. Chambaret, G. Mourou, Matthias P. L. Sentis, Olivier Utéza, P. Delaporte
{"title":"Caractérisation du seuil de dommage dans les cristaux de saphir dopé au titane avec des impulsions de durée nanoseconde, picoseconde et femtoseconde","authors":"F. Canova, J. Chambaret, G. Mourou, Matthias P. L. Sentis, Olivier Utéza, P. Delaporte","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006138019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006138019","url":null,"abstract":"Le verrou principal pour le developpement des systemes femtoseconde robustes et rentables est l'incertitude du seuil de dommages du cristal de Ti: Saphir. Nous avons d'abord caracterise le seuil dielectrique de dommages du Ti: Saphir.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"21 1","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79245151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Earth system science: Putting together the ``big picture'' puzzle 地球系统科学:拼凑“大图景”的谜题
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006139002
K. Noone
{"title":"Earth system science: Putting together the ``big picture'' puzzle","authors":"K. Noone","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006139002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006139002","url":null,"abstract":"The Earth behaves as a highly coupled, interdependent system of components and processes - all of which operate on a multitude of time and spatial scales. Humans - rather than simply affecting or being affected by the natural environment - are a central component in the Earth system. Within the Earth system, there are feedbacks and teleconnections that operate on a planetary scale, and in which humans are directly involved. This article presents examples of such feedback systems and of human interactions in the Earth system, and describes some of the research infrastructure necessary to pursue Earth System Science.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"160 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75786584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Communicating Air Pollution Science to the Public and Politicians 向公众和政治家传播空气污染科学
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006139027
P. Brimblecombe, E. Schuepbach
{"title":"Communicating Air Pollution Science to the Public and Politicians","authors":"P. Brimblecombe, E. Schuepbach","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006139027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006139027","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution of the 21st century is a problem that involves a large number of chemical species and complex reactions between them. Both the public and politicians finds the science difficult to understand, and so, often mistrust the presentation of data and the scientific principles behind air quality. Yet, there are a range of important issues associated with air pollution that concern lay people and policy makers and hence, they have to be presented in a clear and simple way so that informed judgements can be made. Traditionally, the media was the main way to disseminate scientific discovery, but novel methods for engaging scientists in the transfer of scientific know-how to politicians and the general public have emerged in recent years. Scientists receive relatively little training in the area of communication, and often find engaging in more public debates difficult. These including V.I.P. meetings, Public Open Forum, Cafe Scientifique and various games and role plays. Such outreach events expose us to new challenges, and the skills required to communicate to non-scientists become an increasingly important part of being a scientist. © EDP Sciences.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"100 1","pages":"413-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82229371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Systèmes d'imagerie à haute résolution dans le domaine des Rayons X pour le Laser Mégajoule 用于兆焦耳激光的高分辨率X射线成像系统
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006138033
J. Champeaux, P. Troussel, J. Boutin, G. Lidove, R. Marmoret, G. Soullié, R. Rosch
{"title":"Systèmes d'imagerie à haute résolution dans le domaine des Rayons X pour le Laser Mégajoule","authors":"J. Champeaux, P. Troussel, J. Boutin, G. Lidove, R. Marmoret, G. Soullié, R. Rosch","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006138033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006138033","url":null,"abstract":"Le principe de la fusion par confinement inertiel consiste a faire imploser une cible spherique de petite taille, millimetrique, remplie d'un melange de deuterium et de tritium sous l'action des 240 faisceaux lasers impulsionnels de tres grande puissance du LMJ. Les etudes de cette physique d'implosion (mise en vitesse, symetrie d'implosion, instabilites hydrodynamiques) et de l'allumage (traceurs, point chaud) font appel aux techniques de l'imagerie et de la radiographie a haute resolution spatiale (μm) et temporelle (ps) avec selection spectrale dans le domaine d'energie de photons comprise entre 100eV et 20keV. Plusieurs Systemes d'Imagerie X (SIX), a haute resolution spatiale, ont donc ete developpes par le CEA-DIF et mis en oeuvre sur la Ligne d'Integration Laser (LIL) implantee au CEA-CESTA. Dans cet article nous presentons les principaux SIX, a base de microscopes a miroirs. Un exemple de microscope prototype nomme PIXEL (Plasma Imageur X pour les Experiences Lasers) developpe pour le LMJ est presente. Nous portons l'accent sur les problemes technologiques lies a l'environnement LMJ.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"6 1","pages":"285-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73475354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Ablation laser pour la microélectronique plastique 塑料微电子学激光消融
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006138024
A. Alloncle, B. Thomas, David Grojo, P. Delaporte, Marc L. Sentis, Sébastien Sanaur, Mickaël Barret, P. Collot
{"title":"Ablation laser pour la microélectronique plastique","authors":"A. Alloncle, B. Thomas, David Grojo, P. Delaporte, Marc L. Sentis, Sébastien Sanaur, Mickaël Barret, P. Collot","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006138024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006138024","url":null,"abstract":"La microelectronique plastique connait un developpement sans precedent dans le domaine de la recherche. Cette etude s'interesse a l'utilisation des lasers impulsionnels pour la realisation de composants organiques sur supports souples. Les deux aspects plus particulierement etudies sont d'une part la gravure de polymere pour realiser un canal entre la source et le drain, et d'autre part le developpement d'un procede de depot appele LIFT pour Laser Induced Forward Transfer. Ce dernier pourrait notamment permettre de deposer des composes organiques non solubles.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"17 1","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83918860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Étude spectrale d'un micro-plasma d'implosion X-pinch x -捏内爆微等离子体的光谱研究
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006138011
L. E. Aranchuk
{"title":"Étude spectrale d'un micro-plasma d'implosion X-pinch","authors":"L. E. Aranchuk","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006138011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006138011","url":null,"abstract":"Le pincement magnetique de type X-pinch permet de realiser un micro-plasma chaud et dense bien positionne dans l'espace qui presente une applicabilite pour la radiographie X d'objets peu denses de petite taille. Une batterie de diagnostics ayant tous une resolution spectrale a ete installee autour d'un X-pinch alimente par un banc de condensateurs rapide. Les resultats presentes portent sur la taille de la source integree en temps, sur la duree d'impulsion et sur le spectre d'emission X. Des exemples de radiographie confortent la determination de la taille. Des spectres a haute resolution spectrale integres en temps (1 a 3 keV) montrent que les ions multicharges presents dans le plasma (Al hydrogenoide et heliumoide, Cu et Mo neonoides) sont les memes que dans les X-pinches alimentes par des generateurs pulses bien plus puissants. Une spectroscopie large bande a haute resolution temporelle, basee sur des detecteurs innovants, a permis de mettre en evidence une emission dure sub-nanoseconde et de chiffrer la puissance spectrale instantanee et l'energie X emise entre 20eV et 8keV. La puissance maximale peut depasser 1GW pendant 0,4-0,7ns. La source emet 10 a 30J pendant 100-150ns en dessous de 400eV.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"31 1","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90842429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DIAL lidar for ozone measurements DIAL激光雷达用于臭氧测量
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006139023
A. Pazmino
{"title":"DIAL lidar for ozone measurements","authors":"A. Pazmino","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006139023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006139023","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a general overview of ground-based lidar system for ozone measurements in the troposphere as well as in the stratosphere. The DIAL technique, generally used by the lidar teams for ozone measurements is explained. Afterwards, the different elements of the DIAL system are assessed in this work. Finally, a brief description of the ozone DIAL systems for different altitudes ranges operated at the Haute Provence Observatory (OHP) in Southern France as well as some scientist results are showed.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"23 1","pages":"361-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76564576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The challenge from ice cores: understanding the climate and atmospheric composition of the late Quaternary 来自冰芯的挑战:了解晚第四纪的气候和大气成分
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006139014
E. Wolff
{"title":"The challenge from ice cores: understanding the climate and atmospheric composition of the late Quaternary","authors":"E. Wolff","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006139014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006139014","url":null,"abstract":"The Quaternary period is a critical one for understanding the working of the Earth System because it shows a wide range of climates under a geography similar to the present. Ice cores are an important palaeorecord because they record aspects of the atmosphere (including trace gas concentrations) rather directly. This paper takes advantage of recently published results from ice cores completed since an earlier ERCA chapter was published. These extend the ice core record from Antarctica back towards 800,000 years, confirming the close relationship between different parameters (particularly CO 2 and Antarctic temperature), but showing a different behaviour (with cooler interglacials) in the period preceding 450,000 years before present compared to the later period. New records of the last glacial cycle have documented the entire suite of rapid climate warmings (Dansgaard-Oeschger events) in this period, shown the behaviour of Antarctica during these events, and given us a first clear view of Greenland climate in the later parts of the last interglacial. Taken together these results present a compilation of the behaviour of the Earth that challenges palaeoclimatologists and Earth System modellers towards better understanding of the system.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"43 1","pages":"185-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79387988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Asian dust events: Environmental significance in beijing 亚洲沙尘事件:北京的环境意义
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006139018
F. Adams, X. Liu
{"title":"Asian dust events: Environmental significance in beijing","authors":"F. Adams, X. Liu","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006139018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006139018","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental significance of dust storms (impact on air quality, climatic effects, health effects) is described first in a general terms then in context with the local environment of metropolitan Beijing, China. The regional characteristics of dust storms in China, their sources and transport pathways, the chemical composition and the mixing and interaction with other air pollutants are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"22 1","pages":"257-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79086470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
X-ray generation by laser-cluster interaction 激光与星团相互作用产生的x射线
Journal De Physique Iv Pub Date : 2006-12-01 DOI: 10.1051/JP4:2006138007
C. Deiss, N. Rohringer, J. Burgdörfer, E. Lamour, C. Prigent, J. Rozet, D. Vernhet
{"title":"X-ray generation by laser-cluster interaction","authors":"C. Deiss, N. Rohringer, J. Burgdörfer, E. Lamour, C. Prigent, J. Rozet, D. Vernhet","doi":"10.1051/JP4:2006138007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/JP4:2006138007","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the efficient heating of quasi-free electrons during the interaction of short infrared laser pulses with large rare-gas clusters. In the framework of our mean-field classical transport simulation we are able to explain the emission of characteristic x-rays at moderate laser intensities (I ∼ 10 15 Wcm -2 ) where the ponderomotive energy of the electrons is by far to low to allow for the creation of inner-shell vacancies. We identify large-angle elastic electron-ion scattering as an important heating mechanism at moderate laser intensities.","PeriodicalId":14838,"journal":{"name":"Journal De Physique Iv","volume":"17 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73181336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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