Japan Geoscience Union最新文献_第7页

Response of surface runoff to rainfall and snowmelt in the Mt. Norikura alpine area 北仓山高寒地区地表径流对降水和融雪的响应

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.4145/JAHS.48.71

Shimizu Hironori, A. Sasaki, Keisuke Suzuki

{"title":"Response of surface runoff to rainfall and snowmelt in the Mt. Norikura alpine area","authors":"Shimizu Hironori, A. Sasaki, Keisuke Suzuki","doi":"10.4145/JAHS.48.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4145/JAHS.48.71","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the spatiotemporal variations in physical and chemical characteristics of surface runoff due to rainfall and snowmelt in the Mt. Norikura alpine region, northern Japanese Alps. This investigation was conducted from June 22, 2016 to October 13, 2016. In addition to a water quality investigation, rainfall investigation with a rain gauge was conducted. Despite discuss the potential of surface runoff generation. We used the method of API (antecedent precipitation index) for discuss the potential of surface runoff generation. Result from rain gauge data, we quantify tendency transition from base flow to direct flow. Consequently, we achieved quantitative assessments of surface runoff using API, and became able to grasp the presence of direct flow. During the late period of melting season, we were not able to observe the surface runoff at some of investigation points. Despite during a non-rainfall period, surface runoff is observed every time at one investigation point only (elevation 2550 m a.s.l). This observation suggest that snow patch stably supply below a ground water quality locally. From the results obtained in water quality investigation, it was found that HCO3 concentration of spring water is higher than that of melt water of snow patch. The pH, electric conductivity and HCO3 concentration surface runoff were changed during flow event following rain. After it started raining, immediately these values rose and declined within a few hours. Afterwards, these values tend to gradually rose with declining water level.","PeriodicalId":14836,"journal":{"name":"Japan Geoscience Union","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74602118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Development of inference methods for rotational motions on ground surface 地表旋转运动推理方法的发展

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.5610/jaee.17.2_88

K. Hada, Horike Masanori

引用次数: 0

Environmental Magnetism of Cave Deposits 溶洞矿床的环境磁性

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1130/abs/2017AM-307731

J. Feinberg, Mark D. Bourne, I. Lascu, B. Strauss, Zongmin Zhu, Plinio Jaqueto

引用次数: 0

Benthic foraminiferal baselines for the southern Great Barrier Reef: a foundation for future ecological research 大堡礁南部底栖有孔虫基线:未来生态研究的基础

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/ESSOAR.A2EDB07C05ACA4E6.16657DD60EF14162.1

B. Mamo

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation study on mitigation of the pressure build-up in the geological formation during injection of CO 2 CO 2注入过程中地质地层压力积聚减缓的数值模拟研究

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.5917/JAGH.59.229

Claudia Fujita, Y. Hiratsuka, Hajime Yamamoto, Takahiro Nakajima, Z. Xue

引用次数: 0

Role of orography, diurnal cycle, and intraseasonal oscillation in summer monsoon rainfall over Western Ghats and Myanmar coast 地形、日循环和季内振荡在西高止山脉和缅甸海岸夏季风降雨中的作用

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0858.1

S. Shige, Yuki Nakano, M. Yamamoto

引用次数: 51

Mantle transition zone, stagnant slab and intraplate volcanism in Northeast Asia 东北亚地幔过渡带、滞流板块与板内火山作用

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1093/GJI/GGW491

D. Zhao, Chuanxu Chen, You Tian, Shiguo Wu, A. Hasegawa, J. Lei, Jung-Ho Park, I. Kang

{"title":"Mantle transition zone, stagnant slab and intraplate volcanism in Northeast Asia","authors":"D. Zhao, Chuanxu Chen, You Tian, Shiguo Wu, A. Hasegawa, J. Lei, Jung-Ho Park, I. Kang","doi":"10.1093/GJI/GGW491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/GJI/GGW491","url":null,"abstract":"3-D P- and S-wave velocity structures of the mantle down to a depth of 800 km beneath NE Asia are investigated using similar to 981 000 high-quality arrival-time data of local earthquakes and teleseismic events recorded at 2388 stations of permanent and portable seismic networks deployed in NE China, Japan and South Korea. Our results do not support the existence of a gap (or a hole) in the stagnant slab under the Changbai volcano, which was proposed by a previous study of teleseismic tomography. In this work we conducted joint inversions of both local-earthquake arrival times and teleseismic relative traveltime residuals, leading to a robust tomography of the upper mantle and the mantle transition zone (MTZ) beneath NE Asia. Our joint inversion results reveal clearly the subducting Pacific slab beneath the Japan Islands and the Japan Sea, as well as the stagnant slab in the MTZ beneath the Korean Peninsula and NE China. A big mantle wedge (BMW) has formed in the upper mantle and the upper part of the MTZ above the stagnant slab. Localized low-velocity anomalies are revealed clearly in the crust and the BMW directly beneath the active Changbai and Ulleung volcanoes, indicating that the intraplate volcanism is caused by hot and wet upwelling in the BMW associated with corner flows in the BMW and deep slab dehydration as well.","PeriodicalId":14836,"journal":{"name":"Japan Geoscience Union","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73386874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 77

Fundamental research on the role of differential stress in hydraulic fracturing in strength-anisotropic medium 强度各向异性介质中差应力在水力压裂中的作用基础研究

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.3997/2352-8265.20140218

H. Ohtani, H. Mikada, J. Takekawa

{"title":"Fundamental research on the role of differential stress in hydraulic fracturing in strength-anisotropic medium","authors":"H. Ohtani, H. Mikada, J. Takekawa","doi":"10.3997/2352-8265.20140218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2352-8265.20140218","url":null,"abstract":"Hydraulic fracturing is a technique to enhance the permeability around the borehole to create fracture networks in oil and natural gas reservoirs. Since the performance of hydraulic fracturing is not fully predictable beforehand, it is important to pre-estimate the extension and the connectivity of artificial fractures for a given condition such as in-situ stress and various mechanical properties of reservoir rock. It, therefore, has been drawing attention to achieve this with a method of numerical simulation in recent years. The propagating direction of hydraulic fractures is the direction of maximum principal stress in an isotropic medium. Since reservoir rock of shale oil or gas is anisotropic in the mechanical properties inferred from several laboratory tests, the propagating direction of hydraulic fractures is strongly affected by the direction of anisotropy axis. Since there are few researches conducted on the numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing in strongly anisotropic media with the existence of differential stress towards the borehole, it is necessary to examine the role of the differential stress. We give mechanically anisotropic properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, uniaxial tensile strength, permeability, etc., based on the calibration of microscopic parameters of DEM to represent macroscopic parameters of the reservoir rock. The empirical assumption of macroscopic uniaxial tensile strength distribution is introduced into microscopic strength of the model. The result showed that if the differential stress is large, hydraulic fractures tend to propagate in the direction of maximum principal stress whereas hydraulic fractures tend to propagate in the direction of bedding plane under low differential stress. Moreover, this information suggests that in the shale reservoir, which has mechanical anisotropy, the differential stress has important role in estimating the propagation direction of hydraulic fractures.","PeriodicalId":14836,"journal":{"name":"Japan Geoscience Union","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80457548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Metamorphically-induced rheological heterogeneity and the deep tremor source in subduction zones 俯冲带变质流变非均质性与深部震颤源

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1130/ABS/2017AM-299672

W. Behr, A. Kotowski, K. Ashley

{"title":"Metamorphically-induced rheological heterogeneity and the deep tremor source in subduction zones","authors":"W. Behr, A. Kotowski, K. Ashley","doi":"10.1130/ABS/2017AM-299672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ABS/2017AM-299672","url":null,"abstract":"We present data from an exhumed subduction interface that closely resembles the geologic environment of modern deep episodic tremor and slow slip (ETS). We focus on Eocene high pressure metamorphic rocks from the Cycladic Blueschist Unit on Syros Island in Greece. Metabasalts on Syros consist of intercalated blueschists and eclogites that record prograde deformation at 12-16 kbar (35-50 km) and 450-550 C-PT conditions that overlap with the deep ETS source in warm subduction zones such as Cascadia. Textural observations, Si-in-phengite concentrations, and quartz-inclusion-in-garnet barometry indicate that all of the mineral assemblages are in equilibrium, suggesting that variations in metamorphic facies reflect protolith bulk compositions rather than significant differences in PT conditions. Furthermore, field observations reveal that the coexistence of blueschists and eclogites sets up an important rheological contrast between the two metamorphic assemblages. The blueschists exhibit planar ductile deformation fabrics, whereas eclogites distributed within the blueschist matrix exhibit boudinage, brittle shear fracturing, and veins commonly filled with quartz and high pressure minerals. We interpret the high pressure brittle deformation and veining in eclogites to reflect fluid sealing and overpressurization: the high fluid-pressures drive brittle shear and extension in strong eclogitic layers that is dampened viscously into the weaker blueschist matrix. Our observations are inconsistent with models of deep ETS that invoke changes in rate-and-state friction parameters along a narrow planar fault zone, but are consistent with the inferred prominent role of high fluid pressures from geophysical and modeling studies. We suggest a conceptual model in which ETS is controlled by coupled brittle-viscous deformation in partially eclogitized basalts embedded within high-fluid-pressure patches along the plate interface.","PeriodicalId":14836,"journal":{"name":"Japan Geoscience Union","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90841847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Non-hydrostatic simulations of tidally-induced mixing in the Halmahera Sea: A possible role in the transformation of the Indonesian Throughflow waters Halmahera海潮汐诱导混合的非流体静力学模拟:在印度尼西亚通流水转变中的可能作用

Japan Geoscience Union Pub Date : 2017-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/2017JC013381

T. Nagai, T. Hibiya

{"title":"Non-hydrostatic simulations of tidally-induced mixing in the Halmahera Sea: A possible role in the transformation of the Indonesian Throughflow waters","authors":"T. Nagai, T. Hibiya","doi":"10.1002/2017JC013381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013381","url":null,"abstract":"The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) waters are significantly transformed within the Indonesian Archipelago and consequently influence the large-scale ocean circulation such as Agulhas and Leeuwin Currents. Existing ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) are, however, incapable of reproducing the transformation of the ITF waters, since tidal forcing is neglected in such models. In the present study, we first conduct high-resolution non-hydrostatic three-dimensional numerical experiments focusing on the transformation of the ITF waters in the Halmahera Sea which is thought to be the most important bottleneck in simulating the ITF water-mass properties. It is shown that intensive vertical mixing induced by breaking of internal tides in the shallow regions in the Halmahera Sea dilutes the ITF waters, significantly reducing model biases found in the existing OGCMs. We next evaluate quantitatively the effect of tide-induced vertical mixing on the transformation of the ITF waters. It is shown that tide-induced vertical mixing dominates the transformation of the ITF waters, although some supplementary processes such as horizontal mixing associated with the sub-mesoscale eddies resulting from tidal interaction with land configurations cannot be ignored.","PeriodicalId":14836,"journal":{"name":"Japan Geoscience Union","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75172379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24