JCO Global Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Automated Detection of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Infected Cells in Immunohistochemical Images of Skin Biopsies.","authors":"Iftak Hussain, Juan Boza, Robert Lukande, Racheal Ayanga, Aggrey Semeere, Ethel Cesarman, Jeffrey Martin, Toby Maurer, David Erickson","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00536","DOIUrl":"10.1200/GO-24-00536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Immunohistochemical staining for the antigen of Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus, latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), is helpful in diagnosing KS. A challenge lies in distinguishing anti-LANA-positive cells from morphologically similar brown counterparts. This work aims to develop an automated framework for localization and quantification of LANA positivity in whole-slide images (WSI) of skin biopsies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proposed framework leverages weakly supervised multiple-instance learning (MIL) to reduce false-positive predictions. A novel morphology-based slide aggregation method is introduced to improve accuracy. The framework generates interpretable heatmaps for cell localization and provides quantitative values for the percentage of positive tiles. The framework was trained and tested with a KS pathology data set prepared from skin biopsies of KS-suspected patients in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed MIL framework achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.99, with a sensitivity of 98.15% and specificity of 96.00% in predicting anti-LANA-positive WSIs in a test data set.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The framework shows promise for the automated detection of LANA in skin biopsies, offering a reliable and accurate tool for identifying anti-LANA-positive cells. This method may be especially impactful in resource-limited areas that lack trained pathologists, potentially improving diagnostic capabilities in settings with limited access to expert analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Mortality Between Latin America and the United States From 2008 to 2019: The Need of Regional-Based Lymphoma Registries.","authors":"Bryan Valcarcel, German Stemmelin, Sofia Rivarola, Ana Cantillo, Brady Beltran, Denisse Castro, Carlos Chiattone, Thais Fischer, Aline Nicole Paats Nicora, Alana Von Glasenapp, Fabiola Valvert, Valeria Bayon, Luis Villela, Henry Idrobo, Humberto Martinez-Cordero, Cecilia Ovando-S, Jose Macias-A, Rosio Baena-T, Macarena Roa, Génesis Velasteguí-M, Marcela Zamora-M, Carolina Oliver, Maria A Torres, Luis Malpica","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-24-00605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Population-based registries are essential for evaluating disease patterns, but whether the existing surveillance systems are helpful in monitoring lymphoma mortality outcomes in Latin America is unknown. To explore the utility and identify gaps in existing registries, we compared Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) mortality in Latin American countries with that in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-based descriptive study using mortality data from the WHO for 16 Latin American countries and the National Center for Health Statistics for the United States. All deaths occurring among adults 20 years and older (2008-2019 period) were extracted from death certificates. We compared mortality with that of US non-Hispanic White (US White) individuals by fitting Poisson models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In overall analyses, we observed higher HL mortality compared with US White individuals across several Latin American countries (mortality rate ratio [MRR] range, 1.25-2.96), particularly in Cuba (MRR, 2.96; 95% CI, 2.80 to 3.13). Although we observed lower NHL mortality in all Latin American countries compared with US White individuals in the overall analysis, age-stratified models showed higher mortality among young adults (20-39 years) in most countries (MRRs range, 1.36-2.52), notably in Cuba (MRR, 2.52; 95% CI, 2.26 to 2.80; <i>P</i>_{heterogeneity} < .0001). Patterns by sex were similar to the overall analysis. We identified a high proportion (>95%) of unspecified lymphoma mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although we identified significant mortality differences between Latin American countries and the United States, the heterogeneity in age-stratified models and high percentage of unspecified lymphomas may reflect the limitations of death certification for monitoring mortality outcomes of recognized lymphoma subtypes. Our findings highlight the unmet need for a lymphoma-focused registry in Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Securing Medication Use in Pediatric Oncology Units in French-Speaking Africa: MAEva Pilot Program Results in Ivory Coast.","authors":"Line Couitchere, Innocent Krasse, Léa Zaho, Marina Yao, Guy Yao, Carole Coze, Nadine Robert, Olga Molly, Max N'Doumy, Charles Akoun, Bertrand Pourroy","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-24-00360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Medication use is a significant global risk for patients, particularly in African hospitals. The aim of this study was to adapt and implement a proactive risk assessment tool for medication use in pediatric oncology units in French-speaking Africa to reduce medication errors and enhance patient safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The médiEval French tool was adapted into the MAEva tool for the African context through a three-stage process: content review by a multidisciplinary group, content formatting, and item modification/validation. Three Excel-based grids (prescription, administration, and dispensing) were used, each audited by external experts to ensure validity and functionality. Initial audits using the MAEva tool were conducted in June 2022. The auditor assessed two pediatric oncologists, a pharmacist, and two nurses. Postaudit results were immediately shared to highlight weaknesses and strengths and to build an action plan. This plan was monitored through regular meetings, and a second audit occurred in September 2023 after implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MAEva grids retained the médiEval tool's structure but adapted 16 of 174 items for the African context. Initial risk levels were high: 29%-34% for prescription, 33% for dispensing, and 44%-45% for administration. A 14-item action plan was created on the basis of audit results, focusing on practical measures without significant financial investment. By September 2023, 54% of the action plan was completed, leading to significant risk reductions: 18 points in prescription, 10 in dispensing, and 26 in administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adaptation and implementation of the MAEva tool significantly reduced overall risk levels across all processes, demonstrating the effectiveness of the action plan and the tool's applicability in an African context. MAEva's proactive risk assessment approach proved effective and feasible without substantial financial investment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Study to Determine Factors Influencing Outcome in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.","authors":"Minit Shah, Sushmita Rath, Seema Gulia, Prabhat Bhargava, Anbarasan Sekar, Swapnil Rane, Jyoti Bajpai, Tanuja Shet, Sangeeta Desai, Rajiv Sarin, Rima Pathak, Palak Popat, Pallavi Parab, Yogesh Kembhavi, Dinesh Jethwa, Snigdha Dutta, Asawari Patil, Nita Nair, Pallavi Rane, Ankush Shetake, Manali Kolkur, Shalaka Joshi, Rajendra A Badwe, Sudeep Gupta","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-24-00365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There are scant data on patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in real-world settings with limited access to HER2-targeted therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective analysis of patients with nonmetastatic, HER2-positive breast cancer treated with NAT between January 2014 and December 2018 to determine factors affecting pathologic complete response (pCR), event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised 1,004 patients with a median age of 47 years, 533 (53.1%) with clinical T3/T4 tumors, 466 (46.4%) with clinical N2/3 status, and 527 (52.5%) with hormone receptor-positive disease. Trastuzumab was given to 528 (52.6%) patients in the neoadjuvant setting and 711 (70.8%) patients in neoadjuvant and/or postoperative settings. pCR was achieved in 226 (22.5%) patients; the 5-year EFS in the whole cohort, pCR group, and no-pCR group was 63.5% (95% CI, 60.36 to 66.63), 86.1% (95% CI, 81.59 to 90.60), and 57% ([95% CI, 53.47 to 60.52]; <i>P</i> < .001), respectively. In multivariable analysis in the full cohort, smaller tumor size (cT1/T2 <i>v</i> cT3/T4), higher grade (III <i>v</i> II), hormone receptor-negative status, and use of neoadjuvant HER2-targeted therapy were significantly associated with higher pCR, and smaller tumor size (cT1/T2 <i>v</i> cT3/T4), lower node involvement (cN0/N1 <i>v</i> cN2/N3), achievement of pCR, and receiving trastuzumab were significantly associated with higher EFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a setting with constrained access to HER2-targeted therapy, lower clinical tumor burden and receiving trastuzumab were significantly associated with increased pCR and survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with NAT. Efforts should be made to enhance early diagnosis and access to HER2-targeted therapy worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snowflake Model: Redefining and Optimizing the Cancer Care Delivery System in Tier 2 and Tier 3 Cities in India.","authors":"Shashank Bansal, Ankit Jain, Vikas Jagtap, Jeewan Ram Vishnoi, Saikat Das, Rubu Sunku, Satya Sadhan Sarangi, Dharma Ram Poonia, Ketan Mehra, Rakesh Mishra","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-24-00453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Equity and Workplace Mistreatment in Oncology: Results From a Survey by the Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology.","authors":"Daniele Assad Suzuki, Maria de Fatima Dias Gaui, Daniela Dornelles Rosa, Karime Kalil Machado, Fernanda Cesar Moura, Ana Caroline Zimmer Gelatti, Maria Ignez Freitas Melro Braghiroli, Renata Costa Cangussu, Eldsamira Mascarenhas, Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues, Clarissa Maria de Cerqueira Mathias","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-24-00323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There are no available data concerning gender equity and workplace mistreatment within the field of oncology in Brazil. The Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology (Sociedade Brasileira de Oncologia Clínica [SBOC]) performed a survey study to present and discuss this subject and gain insights into strategies that would mitigate gender inequities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A 24-question survey in Portuguese, assessing demographics, professional context, achievements, workplace mistreatment, parenthood, and gender balance in the workplace, was developed and administered by the SBOC Women's Leadership Committee. SBOC members were invited to participate by e-mail.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,125 SBOC members, 146 women (72%) and 56 men (28%) participated in the survey. Approximately 87.5% of men versus 65.5% of women believed that they had equal rights (<i>P</i> < .002) at their workplace. Chiefs of oncology departments were more often men than women (30.4% <i>v</i> 13.7%, <i>P</i> < .006). Furthermore, 60.8% of men versus 85.1% of women (<i>P</i> = .0003) believed that a specific workplace guideline regarding gender equity should exist. Only 29.5% of women versus 98.2% of men (<i>P</i> < .0001) believed that they did not experience gender discrimination throughout their careers. Approximately 50% of women versus 21% of men reported experiencing moral harassment at work (<i>P</i> = .0002), whereas 24% of women and 7% of men reported sexual harassment (<i>P</i> = .005). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed the significant results of univariable analysis when adjusted for age group and holding a department chief position.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show an alarming level of sexual and moral harassment and gender inequity experienced by SBOC members, highlighting the urgent need for programs to address these situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability and Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Services at 19 Kenyan Health Facilities: A Brief Report.","authors":"Catherine Wexler, May Maloba, Natabhona Mabachi, Nicodemus Maosa, Shadrack Babu, Vincent S Staggs, Sharon Mokua, Kathy Goggin, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler","doi":"10.1200/GO-24-00255","DOIUrl":"10.1200/GO-24-00255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In 2012, Kenya announced its commitment to prioritizing cervical cancer (CC) services with the National Cervical Cancer Prevention Program. However, gaps in implementation remain, causing suboptimal uptake. The goal of this study is to provide a situational analysis of 19 government health facilities in Kenya to assess facilities' capacity to provide CC screening and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective data review at 19 health facilities in Siaya and Busia counties of Kenya from September 2021 to September 2022 to assess availability and uptake of CC services. Key variables included hospital volume, positivity, and numbers of women screened, treated, and referred. Notes were taken to document challenges with service provision and data collection. The retrospective review informed site matching for a proposed cluster-randomized trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were a total of 16,757 CC screenings or rescreenings documented across the 19 study sites during the study period. Across the 19 facilities, 10.8% of the women enrolled in care at the hospital were screened during the data collection period. The overall positivity was 3.8% but ranged from 0.7% to 16.7%. Of the 19 facilities offering CC screening, five lacked the required equipment to provide same-day treatment, and complex referral pathways were noted for women needing to seek care elsewhere. Challenges with documentation were noted at all stages of CC services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gaps noted were low screening rates, opportunities to improve the efficiency of CC services, structural limitations in implementing the screen-and-treat approach, and poor documentation of CC services and outcomes. Urgent action is needed to ensure that all facilities offering CC screening are equipped with the personnel, supplies, and equipment necessary to conduct guideline-adherent same-day cryotherapy or thermal ablation treatment and improve documentation at the facility level to track CC services across the cascade of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2400255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Tobacco Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Local Cancer Care Institutions Need to Do More.","authors":"Asem Mansour, Naser Mahmoud, Tamam AlNeimat, Yasmeen Dodin, Nour A Obeidat","doi":"10.1200/GO-25-00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-25-00034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2500034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Disparities in Cholangiocarcinoma Research and Trials: Challenges and Opportunities in the United States.","authors":"Oyepeju F Abioye, Rebekah Kaufman, Tim F Greten, Cecilia Monge","doi":"10.1200/GO-25-00156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-25-00156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2500156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction Regarding Commentary \"Comprehensive Cancer Infrastructures for the European Union-Coordination and Support Action-CCI4EU CSA\".","authors":"Giovanni Apolone, Simon Oberst","doi":"10.1200/GO-25-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1200/GO-25-00020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14806,"journal":{"name":"JCO Global Oncology","volume":"11 ","pages":"e2500020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}