{"title":"New approaches for component recycling of crystalline solar modules","authors":"S. Nieland, U. Neuhaus, T. Pfaff, E. Radlein","doi":"10.4229/27THEUPVSEC2012-6CV.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4229/27THEUPVSEC2012-6CV.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Since the starting days of solar cell mass production the exposure of process waste such as broken solar cells and damaged PV modules has been an important issue. The possibility to reclaim the module components was demonstrated in many publications. Some companies offer the recycling of PV glass and resell it as broken fragments back to the glass industry. Despite the good quality of the glass fragments (low Fe contents, no hazardous and EVA/PVB contaminations) it is impossible to return the glass parts to a float zone facility, because of reservations of the float glass manufacturers. In this paper different approaches to re-extract the complete front glass of crystalline modules for re-use-applications will be discussed. Requirements on the “second hand” front glass will be given in order to re-use it for module manufacturing. Another, not less important approach is focused on the re-extraction of silver from solar cells. The silver price has increased significantly over the last years proportional to the solar modules installed. Studies on waste quantities document approx. 0,2 % of total PV waste as manufacturing waste as well as 0,5 % of damaged during transport and installation. Different wet-chemical solutions will be introduced in order to digest the solar cell metallization in its pure components for further use.","PeriodicalId":147795,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electronics Goes Green 2012+","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114267496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collective implementation of the take-back and recycling obligation for end-of-life PV panels: Experience of the European system","authors":"V. Gómez, A. Lange, J. Clyncke","doi":"10.4229/27THEUPVSEC2012-6DO.10.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4229/27THEUPVSEC2012-6DO.10.2","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that the first flow of end-of-life (EoL) PV panels is expected by 2020, by 2014 producers and manufacturers will have to comply with the different national requirements for take-back and recycling PV modules on the markets where they are active imposed by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Directive. PV CYCLE, founded in 2007, implements the PV industry's commitment of collecting and recycling their EoL PV panels. As a non for profit organization, PV CYCLE was a proactive initiative of the manufacturers to create a pan-European collection system to reduce administrative burdens and to make use of economies of scale. Considering the change in the legal framework of the EoL PV panels, the PV CYCLE's aim is to adapt the scheme to be WEEE compliant in its complete geographical scope. Today, with more than 230 companies' member of PV CYCLE, it represents more than 90% of the European PV market.","PeriodicalId":147795,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electronics Goes Green 2012+","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114064937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conformity assessment of WEEE take-back schemes - The case of switzerland","authors":"H. Boeni, U. Kasser","doi":"10.1533/9780857096333.1.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857096333.1.78","url":null,"abstract":"Three collective WEEE take-back schemes in Switzerland, SENS, Swico Recycling and SLRS have developed a third-party conformity assessment approach which is based on a joint technical standard. The aim of the conformity assessment is to judge if a treatment operator adheres to the prescribed quality standards and the environmental aspects of his operation and to determine his performance against prescribed recycling and recovery quotas. The audit process is well established and accepted by the treatment operators. It is designed in a way that it serves as a basis for increasing the recycling performance and reducing the environmental impact of the operations. The paper presents the conformity assessment approach chosen, the scope and its major elements. Future challenges as for example the recovery of critical metals embedded in end-of life electrical and electronic products are outlined and other conformity assessment approaches are presented.","PeriodicalId":147795,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electronics Goes Green 2012+","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131927131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}