W. Macpherson, J. Jones, B. Mangan, J. Knight, P. Russell
{"title":"Doppler difference velocimetry using a 2-core photonic crystal fibre","authors":"W. Macpherson, J. Jones, B. Mangan, J. Knight, P. Russell","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1012108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1012108","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe the first use of a two core photonic crystal fibre for fringe projection for use in a Doppler difference velocimeter. The two-core fibre, with a core separation of 17 /spl mu/m, projects a series of fringes when both cores are illuminated with 633 nm light simultaneously. Light scattered from moving particles is coupled into a separate multi-mode (50/125 /spl mu/m) receiving fibre and detected using a silicon detector and amplifier. The measured reflection intensity signal is processed in the frequency domain to obtain the velocity component of the moving particle.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115661645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Baptista, S. Abad, G. Rego, L. Ferreira, F. Araujo, J.L. Santos, A. Lage
{"title":"Multiplexing of self-referenced fibre optic intensity sensors using fibre Bragg gratings and wavelength division couplers","authors":"J. Baptista, S. Abad, G. Rego, L. Ferreira, F. Araujo, J.L. Santos, A. Lage","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000547","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a wavelength multiplexing concept was demonstrated for frequency based self-referenced fibre optic intensity sensors relying on the utilisation of Bragg gratings and WDM couplers. The experimental results obtained showed a fairly good agreement with those predicted from the theory. It turned out that the system had negligible crosstalk between the two sensors. The resolution obtained for the sensors was found to be /spl ap/0.05 dB/spl radic/Hz. It should be emphasised, that the sensing concept described in this work is particularly favourable in terms of the minimisation of system noise. This happens because what is monitored is the amplitude of two sinewaves, i.e., the detection bandwidth can be made as narrow as practically feasible, with the consequent decrease of the system noise level. The power budget of the sensing network can be improved if shorter lengths of delay fibre are used, with the penalty, however, of working with higher frequencies. On the other hand, if the reflectivity of the FBGs is optimised, the power received by the detectors will increase correspondingly. Finally, a proper choice of the coupling coefficient of the couplers in the reflective ladder topology will have a strong impact on the optical power levels reaching the detector unit.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116665810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transversal force sensor using polarization-maintaining fiber independent of direction of applied force: proposal and experiment","authors":"K. Hotate, S.O.S. Leng","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000586","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed or multiplexed fiber-optic stress sensors have been gaining interest in the fields of integrity monitoring and security maintenance of civil structures. It has been proposed that mode-couplings within a polarization-maintaining fiber induced by an external force could be used to measure stress on the fiber. Several systems using this principle have demonstrated distributed or multiplexed stress sensing capabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel method of uniformly twisting the fiber at a pitch of T/sub p/=2b/sub l/n and perturbing the fiber at a pitch of P/sub p/=b/sub l/n/4 to overcome the angular and perturbation length dependence of the sensor, where b/sub l/ is the beat length of the fiber and n is an arbitrary odd integer. Experimental results obtained were in good agreement with theoretical prediction.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116911954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The present and future of fiber optic sensors for the oilfield service industry: where is there a role?","authors":"R. Schroeder","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000497","url":null,"abstract":"The international oilfield service industry has used a large variety of sensing devices for the exploration of oil and gas in the last 70 years. These include sensors that range in the measurement of pressure, temperature, nuclear information, resistivity, acoustic, seismic, electric and magnetic fields, including most recently optical sensors. Applications of optical sensors that have been successfully used and the potential future of fiber optic sensors for this industry are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125056409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Maurin, J. Boussoir, S. Rougeault, M. Bugaud, P. Ferdinand, A. Landrot, Y-H. Grunevald, T. Chauvin
{"title":"FBG-based smart composite bogies for railway applications","authors":"L. Maurin, J. Boussoir, S. Rougeault, M. Bugaud, P. Ferdinand, A. Landrot, Y-H. Grunevald, T. Chauvin","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000509","url":null,"abstract":"FBGs are used as in-situ transducers for mechanical reliability assessment of new composite-based bogies. A 16 million cycles fatigue test was carried out. Asynchronous undersampled FBG measurements are in agreement with modeling.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126923743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Lyons, D. King, C. Flanagan, E. Lewis, H. Ewald, S. Lochmann
{"title":"A 3 sensor multipoint optical fibre water sensor utilising artificial neural network pattern recognition","authors":"W. Lyons, D. King, C. Flanagan, E. Lewis, H. Ewald, S. Lochmann","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000692","url":null,"abstract":"A multipoint sensor on a 1 km continuous length of fibre has been investigated and proven to be capable of detecting the presence of air, ethanol and water at each of three independent sensing points using OTDR techniques. Artificial neural network signal processing techniques have allowed the resulting OTDR signals to be accurately determined using pattern recognition. Each of the U-bend evanescent wave absorption sensors were developed with 62.5 /spl mu/m polymer-clad silica fibre, which had its cladding removed in the sensing region. Although the length of the fibre used in this investigation was 1 km, longer or shorter lengths may be used as required. Earlier results from a single U-bend sensor have shown that a multilayer perceptron is required to adequately classify the data. Initial results have shown that it is possible to train a network to recognise trends such as ageing of the bare fibre when immersed in water, and therefore possible to separate out such effects from genuine changes in the measurand. It is envisaged that a more sophisticated multipoint U-bend evanescent wave sensor system will be developed, with the resulting complex signals being processed using Artificial neural network pattern recognition techniques. This will result in the development of a 'smart system', with the ability to interpret and separate relevant measurand data from the data received from cross coupling signals from external or interfering parameters as well as faults or defects detected in the fibre.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122115070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chirped fiber optic Bragg grating interrogator for a Bragg grating strain sensor","authors":"A. Chtcherbakov, P. Swart","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000543","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a chirped Bragg grating interrogator for a uniform Bragg grating sensor. The wavelength of light reflected by the sensing grating is a function of strain. The position within the chirped Bragg gating the light is reflected from is a function of its wavelength. We determine this position by amplitude modulating the light source and measuring the phase of the reflected light and thus determine the value of the strain.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117331828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"2-laser injection-locking configuration for Brillouin fibre sensors","authors":"M. Facchini, L. Thévenaz, J. Troger, P. Robert","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000566","url":null,"abstract":"We propose in this paper a novel method for generating the pump and probe signals for a Brillouin fibre sensor. It is based on the injection locking of two distinct semiconductor lasers, that makes possible the generation of high purity beat signals in the microwave frequency range. Such a technique can be used either in the pulsed pump-probe technique or the new correlation-based technique. Furthermore novel devices, such as laser modules presenting integrated electro-absorption modulators, can be exploited for achieving efficient and cost effective injection locking schemes.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128363777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency modulation properties of erbium doped DFB fiber lasers using cavity strain","authors":"G. A. Cranch","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000747","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency modulation of a DFB fiber laser below 50 kHz is demonstrated using cavity strain applied by a piezoelectric element. Uses of this technique are discussed along with the likely cause of associated intensity modulation induced by the cavity strain.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124569372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How to start a small high tech business in Troutdale, Oregon?","authors":"E. Udd","doi":"10.1109/OFS.2002.1000493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OFS.2002.1000493","url":null,"abstract":"Blue Road Research has grown from a one-person company in 1993 to fourteen employees during the summer of 2002. This paper describes the core philosophy of the company and outlines its growth and plans for the future. Blue Road Research has grown by developing and successfully applying its business model of offering customers end to end support in moving fiber optic sensor technology to products and the field. Its growing product line and customer base with support from its parent company Standard MEMS will allow it to fulfill its mission of converting the dream of moving fiber optic sensor technology to real world systems a reality.","PeriodicalId":147710,"journal":{"name":"2002 15th Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest. OFS 2002(Cat. No.02EX533)","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123833097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}