{"title":"Bangladesh Needs Fresh Leaders and Meticulously Designed System","authors":"B. B. Sarma","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2154894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2154894","url":null,"abstract":"In 2007 Bangladesh got an altogether different government in Bangladesh. This government is different because of many reasons including its wonderful successes in: (i) Creation of independent Judiciary (ii) Bringing even the most powerful culprits/offenders to justice and (iii) Success in establishing discipline, honesty and accountability in many sectors. While this is the bright side of the story, the darkest side is, this government would handover power to the elected government after one year and then, by all possibilities the previous types of leaders would be in power. By every likelihood they would repeat their usual actions. At that time, under their fresh oppression and injustice, what the people would do are: (i) They would lament for the short-lasting sweet days under the caretaker government and (ii) The architects of the ‘golden days’ would witness, how the dirty bulls smash their enviable achievements. The peace loving citizens of the country should endeavor their best in order to avoid seeing such a pathetic situation. If we really want to assure that we would need two things: (i) Fresh, dedicated, honest and intelligent leaders in our political arena and (ii) A political and administrative mechanism capable of retaining the honesty and accountability of the political leaders and bureaucrats. The probable ways in which these can be done will be the subject matter of our today’s discussion.","PeriodicalId":147704,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Economic Growth (Topic)","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124264894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking the Rules of the Game Seriously: Mainstreaming Justice in Development the World Bank’s Justice for the Poor Program","authors":"C. Sage, N. Menzies, M. Woolcock","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1710096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1710096","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explains the ideas and approaches that underpin the World Bank's Justice for the Poor (J4P) program. J4P is an approach to legal empowerment that focuses on mainstreaming sociolegal concerns into development processes, in sectors ranging from community-driven development and mining technical assistance to labor-rights advocacy and classic judicial reform. It has developed out of a perspective that legal and regulatory frameworks and related justice concerns cannot be conceived of in terms of a 'sector' or a specific set of institutions, but are integral to all development processes. Further, while there is broad agreement that justice reform and building an equitable justice sector is central to good governance and sustainable development, there is limited understanding of how equitable justice systems emerge and how such processes can be facilitated by external actors. J4P addresses these knowledge gaps with intensive research aimed at understanding the ways in which development processes shape and are shaped by local context, and in particular, how the poor engage with and/or are excluded from the multiple rule systems ('legal pluralism') governing their everyday lives. Through three case studies of the program's work, this paper illustrates how understanding the various roles of law in society provides an innovative means of analyzing and responding to particular development problems. The cases also demonstrate the principles that underpin J4P: development is inherently conflict-ridden; institutional reform should be seen as an iterative and thus 'interim' process; building local research capacity is critical to establishing an empirically based and context-driven reform process; integrating diverse sources of empirical evidence is needed to deeply engage in local contexts; and rule systems are ubiquitous in all areas of development, not just the 'legal sector.'","PeriodicalId":147704,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Economic Growth (Topic)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133075653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rational Democracy: A Political System for Universal Interest","authors":"P. Mo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1907105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1907105","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we formulate a political system that can satisfy certain desirable characteristics that include democratic participation, serving for universal interest, public sector efficiency, and sustainable by incentive compatibility and virtuous cycles. The system comprises a set of rules and organizations that provide motivations and supports to the participants for enhancing universal interest. It is a political structure that serves the people, rules by rationality, strives for efficiency and is sustainable. They will drive the society toward harmony and rapid growth in the quality of life for all.","PeriodicalId":147704,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Economic Growth (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131122161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kneeling Before the Altar of (Il)-Liberalism: The Politics of Ideas, Job Loss, and Union Weakness in East Central Europe","authors":"P. Vanhuysse","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1019235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1019235","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the politics of ideas, jobs, and anger in post-communist Europe and it critically reviews Phineas Baxandall's (2004) Constructing Unemployment, and David Ost's (2005) The Defeat of Solidarity. It argues that as the new democracies in Central Europe approach the end of their second decade after communism, they have entered a second stage in the political dynamics of economic reforms. Unemployment and labor anger more generally have clearly not disappeared from the political scene in this stage. But, paradoxically, at a time when liberal forces were on the rise among erstwhile post-communist 'transition laggards' such as Georgia, Ukraine, and Croatia, many first-stage 'transition leaders' have experienced a turn in distinctly illiberal directions. Post-communism's economically liberal elites have achieved remarkable successes - peaceful democratic consolidation, fast market reforms, and EU membership. But they have paid a high price, in the form of lost voters (as politicians) and lost members (as union leaders). The silencing of organized labor and angry workers has accelerated the instauration of neo-liberal varieties of market capitalism and has contributed to fast-growing socio-economic inequalities. At the same time, the uninterrupted functioning of procedural democracy, with peaceful alternations of rival parties in government, now increasingly co-evolves with a decreasing quality of liberal democracy, as new parties have started to mobilize the anger of transition losers along illiberal political platforms.","PeriodicalId":147704,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Economic Growth (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115160416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}