Italian Journal of Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Polyethylene glycol improves in vitro digestibility and fermentability of nutrients for pigs by binding with tannins in sorghum grain","authors":"Yao Huang, Mingmei Shen, Weiyun Zhu, Long Pan","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2589809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2589809","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) supplementation on the digestion and fermentation characteristics of sorghum nutrients in the <i>in-vitro</i> simulated porcine gastrointestinal tract. In Exp. 1, high-tannin sorghum grain without or with 50 mg/g PEG was digested by porcine pepsin and pancreatin to measure <i>in-vitro</i> digestibility of nutrients. In Exp. 2, the lyophilised porcine ileal digesta from barrows fed the high-tannin sorghum grain without or with 50 mg/g PEG and the undigested residues from Exp. 1 were, individually, incubated with fresh pig caecal digesta as inoculums for 48 h to simulate the porcine hindgut fermentation. PEG reduced the detectable condensed tannin content by 32% (<i>p &lt;</i> .05) and increased <i>in-vitro</i> digestibility of nutrients especially for crude protein(<i>p &lt;</i> .05). The <i>in-vitro</i> fermentability of nutrients and microbial metabolites including the accumulative gas production excluding the first 12 h, total short-chain fatty acid and microbial protein content in the fermented solutions were improved (<i>p &lt;</i> .05). The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 was both increased by PEG supplementation regardless of unhydrolyzed residues (<i>p &lt;</i> .05) or ileal digesta (<i>p =</i> .06) as fermentation substrates. In conclusion, PEG supplementation not only directly increased the chemical enzymatic digestion of nutrients in the simulated anterior intestine, but also directly promoted the microbial fermentation including microbial diversities and metabolites in the simulated posterior intestine of porcine. It implies that the increased abundances of Lachnospiraceae by PEG in the hindgut may improve the fermentation capacity of microbiota and thus increase the nutrient digestion in the hindgut. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) reduced the detectable condensed tannin content.PEG supplementation not only directly increased the chemical enzymatic digestion of nutrients in the simulated anterior intestine, but also directly promoted the microbial fermentation including microbial diversities.The increased abundances of <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> by PEG supplementation in the hindgut may improve the fermentation capacity of microbiota and thus increase the nutrient digestion in the hindgut. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) reduced the detectable condensed tannin content. PEG supplementation not only directly increased the chemical enzymatic digestion of nutrients in the simulated anterior intestine, but also directly promoted the microbial fermentation including microbial diversities. The increased abundances of <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> by PEG supplementation in the hindgut may improve the fermentation capacity of microbiota and thus increase the nutrient digestion in the hindgut.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"2562-2572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147917819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> modulates porcine intestinal Occludin and Claudin-1 proteins through MAPK signalling pathway","authors":"Qi Wang, Rong Xiao, Jing Wang, Min Luo, Xiaoyu Qiu, Renli Qi, Jinxiu Huang","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2584051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2584051","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) on porcine intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. For in vitro experiments, the cell viability and transepithelial electrical resistance of IPEC-J2 cells with different concentrations of L. reuteri I5007 were tested to choose the suitable condition. Then, IPEC-J2 cells were pre-treated with inhibitors of mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and L. reuteri I5007 for 6h. The results showed that L. reuteri treatment significantly increased the expression of TJ proteins, but pre-treatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or p-c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 decreased the expression level of TJs. In vivo, twenty weaned piglets (ten piglets/group) were fed a basal diet or a basal diet contained 109 CFU/kg of L. reuteri I5007 for a 14–d period, respectively. Then the piglets were sacrificed and the 5–7 cm middle jejunal and ileal samples were collected. L. reuteri I5007 significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-2 in both intestinal tissues, as well as the mRNA levels of ileal zo-1 and claudin-3; additionally, the protein levels of intestinal Occludin, ZO-1, Claudin-1, and jejunal Claudin-2 and ileal Claudin-3 were also increased. L. reuteri I5007 significantly reduced the phosphorylation level of jejunal p-p38 MAPK and JNK and ileal p-p38 MAPK. In conclusion, L. reuteri I5007 promotes the expression of TJ proteins in intestinal epithelial cells through the MAPK pathway, thereby reducing stress damage to the intestinal TJ barrier of weaned piglets.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"2573-2584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifactorial way to assess litter stability and ammonia risk in broiler production: effects across age (7–39 days) and thermal environments","authors":"Rimena do Amaral Vercellino, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Daniella Jorge de Moura, Juliana de Souza Granja Barros, Nilsa Duarte da Silva Lima","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2586295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2586295","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia (NH3) emissions from broiler litter pose a significant challenge in poultry production, impacting bird welfare, respiratory health, and overall performance. These emissions are governed by dynamic interactions among environmental and litter variables such as temperature, moisture, and pH, which are often studied in isolation. This study proposes a multifactorial index to assess the stability of poultry litter and its influence on ammonia (NH3) volatilisation under different thermal environments. Broiler houses were subjected to Comfort, Cold, and Hot conditions at different stages of the birds’ growth, and variables such as litter temperature, pH, moisture, and NH3 were measured. A Combined Stress Index (CSI) was developed by standardising and integrating litter temperature, moisture, and pH. The results revealed that heat stress significantly increased litter degradation, moisture retention, and NH3 levels, particularly in the final stages of production. The CSI showed a strong correlation with NH3 concentration (r = 0.82), suggesting its potential as a predictive tool. This index offers a practical framework for real-time monitoring and early intervention in precision livestock farming systems, especially in climates where environmental instability accelerates litter deterioration.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"2520-2530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147915480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of piperine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on growth and health of heat-stressed rabbits: a dose-response analysis","authors":"Ali Ali El‐Raghi, Ekramy Elmorsy, Mahmoud A. E. Hassan, A.M. Abdelrahman, Reham.A. Elbhnsawy, Ayat B. Al‐Ghafari, Huda A. Al Doghaither, Ahd A. Mansour","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2540003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2540003","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the optimal dosage of piperine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PIP-CHNPs) for enhancing growth performance and health status in heat-stressed fattened rabbits. Eighty healthy 6–week-old rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of 20, each receiving dietary supplements of 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg PIP-CHNPs per kilogram of diet. The dietary intervention significantly improved growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, physiological responses, dressing percentage, and liver weight. PIP-CHNPs supplementation led to a linear reduction in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, interleukin-4, nuclear factor kappa B, and hydrogen peroxide levels. Conversely, there was a linear increase in immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), lysozyme activity, total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione peroxidase activity. The levels of total protein, albumin, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) demonstrated a quadratic increase, reaching their peak at specific doses of PIP-CHNPs: 150 mg/kg for total protein and SOD, 135 mg/kg for albumin, 130 mg/kg for NO and IFN-γ, and 100 mg/kg for TNF-α and CAT. Conversely, liver enzymes activities (ALT, AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels showed a quadratic decline, with the greatest reductions at 120 mg/kg for ALT and MDA, and 115 mg/kg for AST. PIP-CHNPs supplementation alleviated liver damage caused by heat stress, restoring normal hepatic morphology. The hydrophobic interactions of piperine with antioxidant enzymes and cytokines reduced oxidative damage. In conclusion, 100–150 mg/kg of PIP-CHNPs enhanced growth, oxidative balance, immunity, and inflammation control in fattened rabbits during summer.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"1655-1671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147895396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary rutin improves growth performance, intestinal barrier, mitochondrial homeostasis and redox balance in broilers under heat stress","authors":"Huai Shi, Jiaqi Zhang, Huijuan Liu, Shun Chen, Mai Thanh Tu, Gentan Cai, Tong Jin, Tian Wang, Chao Wang","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2539255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2539255","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of rutin administration were evaluated, focusing on effects on broiler growth performance, intestinal barrier, mitochondrial homeostasis, and redox balance under heat stress. The results demonstrated that compared to the HS group, dietary rutin improved growth performance (increasing final body weight, average daily feed intake, and average daily gain), jejunal morphology (expanding villus width and surface area), jejunal barrier (elevating concentrations of Occludin, Claudin-1, and Mucin-2; upregulating mRNA expression of Occludin and Mucin-2), redox balance in both serum and jejunum (boosting total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione levels, and the glutathione-to-oxidised glutathione ratio; increasing mRNA expression of glutathione S-transferase and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2), and jejunal mitochondrial homeostasis (amplifying mitochondrial DNA copy number and ATP synthase α-subunit mRNA levels) (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary rutin reduced the ratio of feed to gain, lowered liver alkaline phosphatase activity, decreased concentrations of serum diamine oxidase and malondialdehyde, reduced jejunal oxidised glutathione levels, and downregulated jejunal mucosa mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, and heat shock protein 90 (p < 0.05). Overall, rutin supplementation (optimal dose of 500 mg/kg) effectively attenuates HS-induced decline in broilers’ growth performance, impairment of intestinal morphology and barrier integrity, disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis, and redox imbalance, potentially through Nrf2-mediated mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"1573-1585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147908220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin A mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells via enhancing expression and blocking interleukin-1","authors":"Yongmei Guo, Huiyu Shi, Sumei Yan, Binlin Shi, Xiaoyu Guo, Yanli Zhao","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2528556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2528556","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was conducted to reveal a protective mechanism of vitamin A (VA) attenuating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) by blocking interleukin-1 (IL-1) as well as silence and overexpression of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1). In the first part, BMECs received treatments: control, VA, LPS, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), VA + LPS, VA + IL-1ra, LPS + IL-1ra and VA + LPS + IL-1ra. In the second part, BMECs were grouped: control, LPS, VA + LPS, VA + LPS + GPx1siRNA, VA + LPS + GPx1OE, VA, LPS + GPx1OE and VA + GPx1siRNA. The result of the first part showed that supplementation with VA or VA + IL-1ra improved cellular antioxidant capacity, but IL-1ra alone had no significant effects. Addition of VA + LPS or LPS + IL-1ra or VA + IL-1ra had a positive effect on activities of glutathione peroxidase and its gene expression; furthermore, these three groups had a positive effect on signalling pathways’ activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and inhibited LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). The results of the second part showed that, compared to the VA + LPS group, GPx1 and Nrf2 gene expression were significantly lower, whereas other cytokines, as well as NF-κB p65 and NF-κB p50 expression, showed the opposite changes in cells transfected with GPx1siRNA and incubated with VA and LPS. However, the mRNA expression of GPx1 was significantly increased; meanwhile, the expression of cytokines was significantly lower in cells transfected with GPx1OE and incubated with LPS compared to the LPS group. Compared with VA + LPS group, cells transfected with GPx1OE and incubated with LPS had increased gene expression of GPx1 and Nrf2 and similar change in expression of cytokines and NF-κB p65 and NF-κB p50. In conclusion, VA increased the gene expression and activity of GPx1 by promoting Nrf2 signalling pathway and inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway, and ultimately reduced the IL-1 over-release to play the role of pre-protection effect.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"1468-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147916109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of goose adiponectin-derived peptide gADP3 on LPS-induced intestinal injury in goose","authors":"Zhongzan Cao, Sidi Liu, Yong-Bo Lv, Wenfeng Zheng, Zelong Yao, Ming Gao, Xinhong Luan","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2514213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2514213","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to evaluate the effects of goose adiponectin-derived peptide gADP3 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced goose intestinal injury. Intestinal injury was induced in geese by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. gADP3 and the adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon (positive control) were used for intervention. Pathological changes in the intestinal tissues were observed. Biochemical indicators related to intestinal permeability, inflammation, and oxidative stress in serum or intestinal tissues were determined. The expression levels of intestinal barrier permeability-related genes, inflammation-related genes, adiponectin receptors, and key factors of involved in inflammation and oxidative stress signalling pathways in intestinal tissues were detected. The results showed that gADP3 and AdipoRon could reduce serum DAO activity and D-LA content, ameliorate intestinal mucosal damage, and restore the damaged intestinal mucosal barrier by regulating the expression of tight junction protein-related genes occludin and ZO-1; gADP3 and AdipoRon could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px in intestinal tissue, regulate the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and iNOS in gosling serum and the expression of intestinal inflammation-related genes IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2, and alleviate LPS-induced intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation; gADP3 and AdipoRon could upregulate the expression of adiponectin receptor gene, regulate the expression of key factors of inflammatory and oxidative stress-related signalling pathways such as AMPK, p38MAPK, TLR4, and MyD88 in intestinal tissue, thus alleviate LPS-induced intestinal damage in goslings. In conclusion, gADP3, similar to the adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon, attenuates LPS-induced intestinal injury in geese.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"1307-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardoon cake as a sustainable alternative ingredient in broiler feeding.","authors":"Federica Mannelli, Federica Scicutella, Giuseppe Conte, Matteo Daghio, Carlo Viti, Ilaria Galigani, Elisabetta Toni, Alessandra Miele, Giovanni Brajon, Lapo Nannucci, Arianna Buccioni","doi":"10.1080/1828051X.2025.2503395","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1828051X.2025.2503395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A strategy to improve poultry meat production sustainability is the use of by-products from agro-industries, such as cardoon cake (CC). Due to limited literature available, this trial aimed to study the effect of CC as an alternative protein source to soybean meal (SM) or insect meal (black soldier fly, <i>Hermaetia illucens</i>) on broilers' performance, welfare, and meat quality. Eighty day-old chickens were allocated into 4 dietary treatments composed of 5 replicated pens (4 animals per pen): control group (C) fed a basal diet with SM as main protein source; HI15 group fed C with 15% of SM replaced with <i>H. illucens</i> meal; CC15 group fed C with 15% SM replaced with CC; CC20 group fed C with 20% of SM replaced with CC. In the starter period, chicks from CC15 showed similar trends in weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) to the C group; FCR was also comparable to that in HI15, but FI was lower with respect to HI15. In the finisher period, WG in CC15 and CC20 groups did not differ from the C and HI15 groups, but the FCR worsened with respect to C whilst remaining comparable to HI15. The meat fatty acid profile from animals fed CC was rich in oleic acid. <i>Bifidobacterium</i> was detected in the CC20 group only, which also showed significantly lower relative abundance of <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Monoglobus</i>, UCG-009, <i>Colidextribacter</i>, and NK4A214_group, and significantly higher relative abundance of <i>Latilactobacillus</i>. These results show that CC can be used for broilers feeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"1211-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12312772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, and liver lipid metabolism in late-peak laying hens","authors":"Haitong Zhao, Lianxiang Guo, Ming Yan, Yue Sun, Yan Hong, Mingkun Zhu","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2025.2462409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2025.2462409","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation focused on the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, and liver lipid metabolism in late-peak laying hens. Two hundred forty 43–week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly distributed into 4 treatments receiving 0, 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg CGA for twelve weeks. Egg production rate and average egg weight were significantly elevated with 600 and 800 mg/kg CGA relative to the control group. Significant improvements were also noted in the Haugh unit, albumen height, and yolk colour in both CGA groups, along with elevated levels of ovomucin in the albumen and lutein in the yolk. CGA at 600 and 800 mg/kg doses significantly reduced serum hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels, as well as hepatic malondialdehyde levels. Meanwhile, CGA treatment significantly upregulated hepatic Nrf2 and SOD2 gene expression while downregulating Keap1 gene expression. Additionally, 600 and 800 mg/kg CGA treatment significantly decreased serum TG, T-CHO, and LDL-C levels, as well as liver TG and T-CHO levels, while increasing serum lipoprotein lipase activity. Moreover, CGA treatment significantly decreased hepatocyte lipid droplet levels, along with a notable reduction in SREBP1, FASN, ACC, and DGAT2 gene expressions, and a significant upregulation in PPARα, ACOX1, and CPT1 gene expressions. Our findings demonstrate that CGA can improve laying performance, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity, and reduce liver lipid accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and stimulating fatty acid oxidation in late-peak laying hens. A dietary supplement of 600–800 mg/kg CGA is recommended under the current experimental conditions.HIGHLIGHTS Dietary supplementation CGA improved the laying performance, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity in the late-peak laying hens. CGA reduced hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and stimulating fatty acid oxidation. Under the current experimental conditions, a dietary supplemental level of 600–800 mg/kg CGA is recommended for laying hens.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"576-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells: insights into iron-dependent cell death","authors":"Ching‐Hsuan Liu, Yuan‐Yu Lin","doi":"10.1080/1828051x.2024.2446680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051x.2024.2446680","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterised by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, plays a crucial role in various diseases. However, its mechanisms in livestock, particularly in pigs, remain unclear. In this study, we established an in vitro ferroptosis model using the porcine intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 to investigate ferroptosis mechanisms in the intestinal epithelium. IPEC-J2 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), and the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Our results demonstrated that FeSO4 successfully induced ferroptosis, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). In the case of erastin, ferroptosis induction was confirmed by the increase in MDA levels, and the differential regulation of ferroptosis-related genes ACSL4, TFR1, and FTH1 in response to FeSO4 and erastin treatments. Co-treatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (fer-1) alleviated ferroptosis-induced lipid peroxidation and reduced cell death, further confirming the occurrence of ferroptosis. Conversely, H2O2 treatment increased oxidative stress without inducing ferroptosis-specific markers, suggesting that H2O2 does not trigger ferroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. This study establishes a robust ferroptosis model in porcine intestinal epithelial cells and provides insights into the role of ferroptosis in intestinal health, offering a valuable platform for further research in the context of livestock.","PeriodicalId":14762,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"164-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}