JAMA Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Establishing National Standards for Carceral Health Care-The Federal Prison Oversight Act.","authors":"Lawrence A Haber, Chesa Boudin, Brie A Williams","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.6155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.6155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over-the-Counter Medication Abortion as a Strategy to Expand Access to Care.","authors":"Daniel Grossman, Emma Chew Murphy","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.6325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.6325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction Rates and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Adults With Severe Hyponatremia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Juan Carlos Ayus, Michael L Moritz, Nora Angélica Fuentes, Jhonatan R Mejia, Juan Martín Alfonso, Saeha Shin, Michael Fralick, Agustín Ciapponi","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5981","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Hyponatremia treatment guidelines recommend limiting the correction of severe hyponatremia during the first 24 hours to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). Recent evidence suggests that slower rates of correction are associated with increased mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association of sodium correction rates with mortality among hospitalized adults with severe hyponatremia.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Science, CINAHL, and international congress proceedings for studies published between January 2013 and October 2023.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Comparative studies assessing rapid (≥8-10 mEq/L per 24 hours) vs slow (<8 or 6-10 mEq/L per 24 hours) and very slow (<4-6 mEq/L per 24 hours) correction of severe hyponatremia (serum sodium <120 mEq/L or <125 mEq/L plus severe symptoms) in hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Pairs of reviewers (N.A.F., J.R.M., J.M.A., A.C.) independently reviewed studies, extracted data, and assessed each included study's risk of bias using ROBINS-I. Cochrane methods, PRISMA reporting guidelines, and the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to rate the certainty of evidence were followed. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Primary outcomes were in-hospital and 30-day mortality, and secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and ODS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen cohort studies involving a total of 11 811 patients with severe hyponatremia were included (mean [SD] age, 68.22 [6.88] years; 56.7% female across 15 studies reporting sex). Moderate-certainty evidence showed that rapid correction was associated with 32 (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55-0.82) and 221 (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.79) fewer in-hospital deaths per 1000 treated patients compared with slow and very slow correction, respectively. Low-certainty evidence suggested that rapid correction was associated with 61 (risk ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.45-0.67) and 134 (risk ratio, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.28-0.44) fewer deaths per 1000 treated patients at 30 days and with a reduction in LOS of 1.20 (95% CI, 0.51-1.89) and 3.09 (95% CI, 1.21-4.94) days, compared with slow and very slow correction, respectively. Rapid correction was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk of ODS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, slow correction and very slow correction of severe hyponatremia were associated with an increased risk of mortality and hospital LOS compared to rapid correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borrowing From the Type 2 Diabetes Armamentarium for Asthma.","authors":"Katherine N Cahill, Dinah Foer","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5983","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic Medication and Asthma Attacks.","authors":"Bohee Lee, Kenneth K C Man, Ernie Wong, Tricia Tan, Aziz Sheikh, Chloe I Bloom","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5982","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5982","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Elevated body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes are prevalent in asthma and are associated with an increase in the risk of asthma attacks. In experimental studies, the diabetes medications metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have mitigated airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. However, epidemiological evidence is limited.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To estimate the association of metformin and add-on antidiabetic medications (GLP-1RA, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sulphonylureas, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and insulin) with asthma attacks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;The study used data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum linked hospital admissions and mortality data from 2004 to 2020. A triangulation approach was used that applied 2 distinct approaches to enhance robustness: a self-controlled case series (SCCS) and a metformin new user cohort with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Eligible participants were new users of metformin with type 2 diabetes. To evaluate the association between metabolic phenotypes (BMI, glycemic control) and asthma phenotypes (type 2 inflammation, asthma severity), interaction analyses were conducted. Negative control analyses were conducted to assess for bias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposure: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary exposure was metformin; secondary exposures included add-on antidiabetic medications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary outcome was first asthma exacerbation (short course of oral corticosteroids, unscheduled asthma-related hospital attendance, or death) during 12-month follow-up. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs were estimated using fixed-effect conditional Poisson models in the SCCS, and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using weighted Cox proportional hazards models in the cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of more than 2 million adults with asthma, 4278 patients (2617 women [61.2%]; mean [SD] age, 52.9 [13.6] years) were identified for the SCCS and 8424 patients (4690 women [55.7%]; unexposed: mean [SD] age, 61.6 [13.2] years; exposed: mean [SD] age, 59.7 [13.7] years) for the IPTW cohort. Metformin was found to be associated with fewer asthma attacks of similar magnitude in both approaches (SCCS: IRR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62-0.75; IPTW: HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67-0.85). Negative control analyses did not find evidence of significant bias. Hemoglobin A1c levels, BMI, blood eosinophil cell counts, and asthma severity did not modify the association. The only add-on antidiabetic medication to have an additive association was GLP-1RA (SCCS: IRR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.49-0.73).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this cohort study suggest that metformin was associated with a lower rate of asthma attacks, with further reductions with the use of GLP-1RA. This appeared to be associated with mechani","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areas to Refine in the Skills to Manage Pain (STOMP) Trial.","authors":"Linfeng Wang, Zhiwen Wang","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areas to Refine in the Skills to Manage Pain (STOMP) Trial-Reply.","authors":"Katie Fitzgerald Jones, Jessica S Merlin","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5626","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying Causes of Increasing Cannabis-Related ED Visits in Older Adults.","authors":"Daniel T Myran, Peter Tanuseputro","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threats to Women's Health in Prisons and Jails.","authors":"Lawrence A Haber, Jennifer E James, Brie A Williams","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Wearables-Advancing Atrial Fibrillation Care or Too Much Information?","authors":"Derek S Chew, Emily P Zeitler, Daniel B Mark","doi":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14714,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}