JAMA Network Open最新文献

{"title":"Error in Results.","authors":"","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55269","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2455269"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney Function Decline After COVID-19 Infection.","authors":"Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Anne-Laure Faucon, Arvid Sjölander, Alessandro Bosi, Ailema González-Ortiz, Stefania Lando, Edouard L Fu, Dorothea Nitsch, Annette Bruchfeld, Marie Evans, Kevin Wing, Kathryn E Mansfield, Laurie Tomlinson, Juan-Jesús Carrero","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.50014","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.50014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>COVID-19 infection has been associated with acute kidney injury. However, its possible association with long-term kidney function is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether kidney function decline accelerated after COVID-19 compared with after other respiratory tract infections.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cohort study used linked data from the Stockholm Creatinine Measurements (SCREAM) Project between February 1, 2018, and January 1, 2022, in Stockholm, Sweden. All hospitalized and nonhospitalized adults in the database with at least 1 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurement in the 2 years prior to a COVID-19 positive test result or pneumonia diagnosis were selected. Statistical analyses were conducted between June 2023 and October 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>COVID-19 and pneumonia (including influenza).</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Mean annual change in eGFR after COVID-19 and after pneumonia was calculated with a linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The COVID-19 cohort comprised 134 565 individuals (74 819 females [55.6%]; median [IQR] age, 51 [37-64] years). The pneumonia cohort consisted of 35 987 individuals (19 359 females [53.8%]; median [IQR] age, 71 [56-81] years). The median (IQR) baseline eGFR was 94 (79-107) mL/min/1.73m2 for the COVID-19 cohort and 79 (61-92) mL/min/1.73m2 for the pneumonia cohort. After adjustment for covariates, both infections demonstrated accelerated annual eGFR decline, with greater magnitude of decline after COVID-19 (3.4% [95% CI, 3.2%-3.5%] after COVID-19; 2.3% [95% CI, 2.1%-2.5%] after pneumonia). This decline was more severe among individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 (5.4%; 95% CI, 5.2%-5.6%) but remained similar among those hospitalized for pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This cohort study found an association between COVID-19 and accelerated decline in kidney function, particularly after hospitalization, compared with pneumonia. People who were hospitalized for COVID-19 should receive closer monitoring of kidney function to ensure early diagnosis and optimized management of chronic kidney disease to effectively prevent complications and further decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2450014"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Machine Learning Help Us Understand Social Connection and Its Impact on Health?","authors":"Thomas K M Cudjoe, Ashwin A Kotwal","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.51545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.51545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2451545"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood Disadvantage in a Nationally Representative Sample of Community-Living Older US Adults.","authors":"Thomas M Gill, Linda Leo-Summers, Brent Vander Wyk, Robert D Becher, Jingchen Liang","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.50332","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.50332","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Although neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage has become the standard for evaluating contextual socioeconomic deprivation at the Census-block level, little is known about its prevalence or association with long-term mortality in nationally representative samples of older persons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To estimate the prevalence of neighborhood disadvantage among a nationally representative sample of community-living older adults; to identify how prevalence estimates differ based on relevant demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, clinical, and geriatric characteristics; and to evaluate the association between neighborhood disadvantage and all-cause mortality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;This cohort study analyzed linked data of community-living persons aged 65 years or older in the contiguous US participating in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) from 2011 to 2021. Data on demographic, socioeconomic, geographic, clinical, and geriatric characteristics were obtained primarily from the baseline NHATS assessment. NHATS survey weights were used for all analyses. Data analysis was conducted from February to July 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Neighborhood disadvantage-the main measure for each of the 3 objectives-was assessed using the area deprivation index, which was dichotomized at the worst quintile (defined as the worst 2 deciles). Ascertainment of mortality over 10 years was 100% complete.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the 7505 participants, with a weighted mean (SD) age of 75.3 (7.4) years, 56.8% were female, 6.6% were Hispanic, 8.2% were non-Hispanic Black, and 81.7% were non-Hispanic White individuals. The prevalence of neighborhood disadvantage was 15.8% (95% CI, 14.9%-16.7%), but it differed greatly across multiple subgroups. The largest differences after adjustment for age and sex were observed for non-Hispanic Black compared with non-Hispanic White participants (rate ratio [RR], 3.11; 95% CI, 2.56-3.79); those with less than a high school diploma vs college degree or higher educational level (RR, 3.47; 95% CI, 2.75-4.39); and those in several Census divisions, with an RR as high as 7.31 (95% CI, 2.98-17.90) for West South Central vs Pacific. The mortality rates were 48.5% (95% CI, 44.6%-52.1%) and 43.5% (95% CI, 42.2%-44.7%) among participants in a disadvantaged and a nondisadvantaged neighborhood. Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with mortality after adjustment for demographic characteristics (hazard ratio [HR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11-1.40) but not after further adjustment for socioeconomic characteristics (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.98-1.25).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;In this cohort study of community-living older adults, population-based estimates of neighborhood disadvantage differed greatly across multiple subgroups. This contextual indicator of socioeconomic deprivation was associated w","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2450332"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and Ethnic and Rural Variations in the Use of Hybrid Prenatal Care in the US.","authors":"Peiyin Hung, Jiani Yu, Sayward E Harrison, Jihong Liu, Adiba Promiti, Cassie Odahowski, Berry A Campbell, Anirban Chatterjee, Nansi S Boghoossian, Bo Cai, Chen Liang, Jixuan Li, Xiaoming Li","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49243","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49243","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Understanding whether there are racial and ethnic and residential disparities in prenatal telehealth uptake is necessary for ensuring equitable access and guiding implementation of future hybrid (ie, both telehealth and in-person) prenatal care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess temporal changes in individuals using hybrid prenatal care before and during the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) by race and ethnicity and residence location in the US.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design, setting, and participants: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic health record data of prenatal care visits from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Data Enclave, comprising data from 75 health systems and freestanding institutes in all 50 US states. Data were analyzed on 349 682 nationwide pregnancies among 349 524 people who gave birth from June 1, 2018, through May 31, 2022. Multivariable generalized estimating equations were used to examine variations in receiving hybrid vs only in-person prenatal care. Data phenotyping and analysis occurred from June 13, 2023, to September 27, 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposures: &lt;/strong&gt;Prenatal period overlap (never, partially, or fully overlapping) with the COVID-19 PHE, maternal race and ethnicity, and urban or rural residence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Hybrid vs in-person-only prenatal care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 349 682 pregnancies (mean [SD] age, 29.4 [5.9] years), 59 837 (17.1%) were in Hispanic or Latino individuals, 14 803 (4.2%) in non-Hispanic Asian individuals, 65 571 (18.8%) in non-Hispanic Black individuals, 162 677 (46.5%) in non-Hispanic White individuals, and 46 794 (13.4%) in non-Hispanic individuals from other racial and ethnic groups. A total of 31 011 participants (8.9%) resided in rural communities. Hybrid prenatal care increased from nearly none before March 2020 to a peak of 8.1% telehealth visits in November 2020, decreasing slightly to 6.2% by March 2022. Among the fully overlapping group, urban residents had nearly 2-fold odds of hybrid prenatal care compared with rural people (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.84-2.12). Hispanic or Latino people (AOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.41-1.56), non-Hispanic Asian people (AOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.35-1.59), and non-Hispanic Black people (AOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12-1.24) were more likely to receive hybrid prenatal care than non-Hispanic White people.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;In this cohort study, hybrid prenatal care increased substantially during the COVID-19 PHE, but pregnant people living in rural areas had lower levels of hybrid care than urban people, and individuals who belonged to racial and ethnic minority groups were more likely to have hybrid care than White individuals. These findings suggest that strategies that improve equitable access to telehealth for people who live in rural areas and people in some minority racial and ethnic groups may be","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2449243"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secure Messaging Use and Wrong-Patient Errors.","authors":"Hojjat Salmasian","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2447782"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Market of First Launch for High-Risk Therapeutic Medical Devices.","authors":"Kushal T Kadakia, Christina Lalani, Daniel B Kramer, Hibiki Orui, Robert W Yeh","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49298","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2449298"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia Incidence in Quebec Over 20 Years.","authors":"Claire Godard-Sebillotte, Sanjna Navani, Louis Rochette, Victoria Massamba, Éric Pelletier, Edeltraut Kröger, Isabelle Vedel","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47346","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2447346"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of Ice Hockey Play and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.","authors":"Bobak Abdolmohammadi, Fatima Tuz-Zahra, Madeline Uretsky, Raymond Nicks, Sydney Mosaheb, Jacob Labonte, Eukyung Yhang, Shruti Durape, Brett Martin, Joseph Palmisano, Christopher Nowinski, Jonathan D Cherry, Victor E Alvarez, Bertrand R Huber, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, John Crary, Brigid Dwyer, Daniel H Daneshvar, Lee E Goldstein, Rhoda Au, Douglas I Katz, Neil W Kowall, Robert C Cantu, Robert A Stern, Michael L Alosco, Thor D Stein, Yorghos Tripodis, Ann C McKee, Jesse Mez","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49106","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.49106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impacts (RHIs). Prior research suggests a dose-response association between American football play duration and CTE risk and severity, but this association has not been studied for ice hockey.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate associations of duration of ice hockey play with CTE diagnosis and severity, functional status, and dementia.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among male brain donors in the Understanding Neurological Injury and Traumatic Encephalopathy and Framingham Heart Study Brain Banks whose primary RHI exposure was from ice hockey. Donors died, brains were donated, and data were collected between July 1997 and January 2023. Data analysis was conducted from January 2023 to May 2024.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Ice hockey years played as an RHI proxy.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>CTE neuropathological diagnosis, cumulative phosphorylated tau (ptau) burden across 11 brain regions commonly affected in CTE, informant-reported Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) score at death, and consensus dementia diagnosis were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 77 male donors (median [IQR] age, 51 [33-73] years), 42 individuals (54.5%) had CTE, including 27 of 28 professional players (96.4%). CTE was found in 5 of 26 donors (19.2%) who played fewer than 13 years, 14 of 27 donors (51.9%) who played 13 to 23 years, and 23 of 24 donors (95.8%) who played more than 23 years of hockey. Increased years played was associated with increased odds for CTE (odds ratio [OR] per 1-year increase, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.15-1.55; P < .001) and with increased ptau burden (SD increase per 1-year increase = 0.037; 95% CI, 0.017-0.057; P < .001) after adjusting for age at death, other contact sports played, age of first hockey exposure, concussion count, and hockey position. Simulation demonstrated that years played remained associated with CTE when years played and CTE were both associated with brain bank selection across widely ranging scenarios (median [full range] OR across all simulations, 1.34 [1.29-1.40]). Increased ptau burden was associated with FAQ score (βstandardized = 0.045; 95% CI, 0.021-0.070; P < .001) and dementia (OR per SD increase, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.26; P = .04) after adjusting for age at death, other contact sports played, hockey years played, enforcer status, age of first hockey exposure, concussion count, and hockey position.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study of male former ice hockey players, a dose-response association was observed between hockey years played and risk and severity of CTE. Simulation suggested that brain bank selection may not bias the magnitude of outcomes in the association.</p>","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2449106"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11618473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming Gender Differences in Promotional Language to Create More Inclusive Scientific Environments.","authors":"Maya S Iyer, Reshma Jagsi","doi":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.48659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.48659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14694,"journal":{"name":"JAMA Network Open","volume":"7 12","pages":"e2448659"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}