Hyeonwoo Cho, Hangil Joe, Son-cheol Yu, Jae-Kil Lee, Tae eun Kwon, Myungjin Jeon, J. H. Heo
{"title":"Red snow crab habitat monitoring using autonomous deep sea camera","authors":"Hyeonwoo Cho, Hangil Joe, Son-cheol Yu, Jae-Kil Lee, Tae eun Kwon, Myungjin Jeon, J. H. Heo","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890338","url":null,"abstract":"An autonomous underwater camera is developed for monitoring the red snow crab habitat in deep sea. Most of the deep sea cameras are designed such that they can be used with special deep sea exploration instruments such as underwater vehicles. However, a developed camera can be attached to the fish traps for catching the red snow crab, and fishermen who are not underwater camera experts can handle this camera as well. Because the camera is an all-in-one type device that includes all electrical components for video recording such as the camera module, lights, and battery in a single cylindrical pressure housing, the camera can be used for periodical and frequent deep sea video recording along with fishing operations. Red snow crabs living on the seafloor, 1,000 m deep, are recorded using the camera, and the seasonal change in their activity is monitored.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132605145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning of submerged body images from 2D sonar sensor based on convolutional neural network","authors":"Sejin Lee","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890309","url":null,"abstract":"Given the harsh working conditions such as high-speed flow rate, turbid watch, and steep terrain, it is a very challenging task to find submerged bodies in disaster site occurred at sea or river or for the military purpose. Therefore, if it is possible to utilize the unmanned robot, such as the USV(Unmanned Surface Vehicle) and UUV (Unmanned Underwater Vehicle) for the navigational operation of these special purpose, it has a great effect. Underwater ultrasound image information is pretty difficult to make the geometric modeling of submerged body due to heavy noise on its characteristics. This study presents the robust method of submerged body recognition based on the CNN(Convolutional Neural Network), which is one of the deep learning approach.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134375309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Sathianarayanan, S. Pranesh, T. Chowdhury, E. Chandrasekar, M. Murugesan, M. Radhakrishnan, A. Subramanian, G. Ramadass, M. Atmanand
{"title":"Mechanical engineering challenges in the development of deepwater ROV (ROSUB 6000)","authors":"D. Sathianarayanan, S. Pranesh, T. Chowdhury, E. Chandrasekar, M. Murugesan, M. Radhakrishnan, A. Subramanian, G. Ramadass, M. Atmanand","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890286","url":null,"abstract":"A deep water work class ROV (ROSUB 6000) rated for 6000 m subsea depth has been developed at National Institute of Ocean technology, Chennai, India. ROSUB 6000 system consists of a free swimming ROV, tether management system (TMS), power container, control console container, Launching and retrieval system (LARS) and electro optical umbilical cable. Developmental work of ROSUB 6000 system started from March 2003. During the developmental phase and several depth qualification sea trials various kinds of mechanical engineering challenges were encountered. This paper enumerates the challenges encountered. Water entry is one of the major challenges in subsea systems. Water entry through pressure housings may be catastrophic, since pressure housings carries control electronics. Control electronics switches off when water entry alarm is given stopping all the ROV operations. Water entry in the pressure cases of ROV has happened several times. Each instance the reason behind the water entry was different. Failure of components like torque arrester in TMS deep sea winch and thruster frames were analyzed and suitable methodologies to avoid these failures are brought into the practice. Challenges in deck handling of ROV and TMS are weather conditions and tether twist during initial attachment of ROV with TMS. One another big challenge is the launching and retrieval of the system. Challenges due to rough seas, launching and retrieval system hydraulic system faults, operational human errors and their effects on the system components are recorded and reviewed to improve the system reliability. The importance of buoyancy corrections and hydraulic system maintenance were learnt during the various phases of lab and field testing of the deep water ROV.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131051984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dianrui Wang, Yue Shen, Q. Sha, Guangliang Li, Jingtao Jiang, T. Yan, Junhe Wan, B. He
{"title":"Heading control for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle using ELM-based Q-learning","authors":"Dianrui Wang, Yue Shen, Q. Sha, Guangliang Li, Jingtao Jiang, T. Yan, Junhe Wan, B. He","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890340","url":null,"abstract":"Heading control is an important part of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) control. But it's control performance is restricted to the uncertainty environments, and lack of understanding of dynamic characteristics of AUV. As a model-free method, the Q-learning achieves its control motivation by interacting with the environment and maximizing a reward, so suits the complicated applications in heading control of AUV. However, Q Learning algorithms are not competent for continuous space problems. So, Extreme Learning Machine(ELM) is proposed to guarantee the generalization performance and work with continuous states and actions. In this paper, the method of using ELM based Q Learning is proposed for heading control. The results have shown that the proposed method for heading control has good performance.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134453692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can HF ocean radar provide vertical current profile estimates?","authors":"M. Heron","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890343","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the possibility of using real-time measurements of surface current vectors and U10 wind vectors to estimate the 3D current field. Calibration is required by using an ADCP over a one-month period to find the roughness parameter, z0, for the logarithmic boundary layer. Ekman and Stokes current profiles are derived from the U10 wind vector. This methodology uses some of the assumptions that 3D models normally use, but with its empirical input at the surface from an HF ocean radar, it has the potential to be more accurate in real-time operational tasks than 3D models.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134530909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planning and correction of the AUV coverage path in real time","authors":"A. Bagnitckii, A. Inzartsev, A. Pavin","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890299","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) are used for the environmental monitoring, search and exploration works in different waters. In order to execute them, AUV must obtain the mission (coverage path) and be able to correct it if detects unforeseen obstacle. Planning such mission by hand is the difficult task for the operator, especially if AUV must maneuver among the islands and the twisting coastline. To solve this problem the mission editor must include the coverage algorithm, capable of automatic generating the coverage path. In this case it is necessary only to input the bounds of the water area and the distance between tacks. The paper formulates requirements to the coverage algorithm, subject to the specific features of the underwater acoustic search devices and the need for operating in real time. Using these requirements a number of coverage algorithms used in the ground or in the underwater robotics was analyzed. The algorithm, that can generate the complete coverage path, was developed in the result. It can be used both for planning in off-line mode, and for the path correction on board the AUV in real time (due to low computing cost).","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134147565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depth control methods of variable buoyancy AUV","authors":"Andrei V. Medvedev, V. Kostenko, A. Tolstonogov","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890333","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are widespread and effective tool for oceanographic research. The main applications of AUVs are long-term missions for survey of wide area and patrolling. However the key issue for long term cruising range is energy storage. One of approaches to reduce energy consumption is using of the variable buoyancy system (VBS) on the AUV. This approach allows to compensate AUV's buoyancy and to reduce energy on hovering due to it. Two combined depth control methods based on cooperative work of propulsion system and variable buoyancy system has been presented in this paper. Estimation of the methods based on calculation of energy consumption and transient response time has been made. Comparison of ones with methods based on standalone work of propulsion system and VBS has been made. Provided methods was proved on simulation and water pool tests on variable buoyancy AUV “CH-2” designed at Institute of Marine Technology Problems FEB RAS year ago.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116571200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wideband time-varying underwater acoustic channel emulator","authors":"Acta Withamana, H. Kondo","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890341","url":null,"abstract":"Robust underwater acoustic (UWA) communication is still a big challenge due to physical properties of the sea-water. Underwater acoustic propagation characterized by high attenuation, time-varying multipath propagation, and low speed of sound. Recent advancement in the cooperative operation of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) and Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) are limited by these factors. Necessities to develop more robust UWA communication is not negligible. Sea trial is an expensive operation. A prior simulation and optionally emulation are usually used to enhance mission success rate. UWA emulator is a replica of an underwater channel and may contain hardware-in-the-loop (HIL). This tool is a bridge between the gaps of the simulation and real hardware-software behavior. However, UWA channel emulator is still underdeveloped. This paper explains the framework and the development of UWA channel emulator for a wideband and time-varying channel. Implementation of the convolution process has successfully done by using reloadable coefficient Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. First path propagation delay has also successfully implemented using a circular buffer. Designed emulator is applicable for less than 10 nodes before processing time is getting too high.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121019582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new wave energy converter using flap-type blade and its power generation test","authors":"Hangil Joe, H. Roh, Son-cheol Yu","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890332","url":null,"abstract":"Wave energy is obvious source for renewable energy harvesting in oceans. A new WEC named wave turbine was proposed. The proposed system consists of a floating body and a submerged body. The floating body is same with that of a conventional buoy, and the submerged body is a power take off similar to a turbine which has flap-type blades in a round-frame rotor. To describe the proposed system, we developed numerical model. The performance of the proposed system was determined by several parameters: wave conditions, floating body geometry, blade shape, rotor hub design, and power storage system including generator and electrical load. Quantitative simulation was conducted to find optimal parameters including design of blade and rotor hub size. In addition, we constructed a prototype to conduct experiments. 4 types of blades were tested in power generation test, and the results was compared.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122196637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obstacle avoidance and target search of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle for 2016 Maritime RobotX challenge","authors":"Joohyun Woo, Jooho Lee, Nakwan Kim","doi":"10.1109/UT.2017.7890308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2017.7890308","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes algorithms for Autonomous Surface Vehicle(ASV) obstacle avoidance and target search task. This work is primarily designed for task mission of 2016 Maritime RobotX competition. In this task, ASV must avoid obstacle buoys, while it is searching for totem-shaped buoy. To deal with such problem, algorithms for both perception and motion planning stage was designed. In perception stage, 2D scanning LIDAR and monocular vision sensor are used to detect any floating objects on the water. To recognize target (totem buoy), HSV color space information was used. Detected object (both obstacle and totem buoy) information is tracked by using Kalman filter. In action planning stage, both deliberative and reflexive action [2] planning are designed. In deliberative action planning stage, based on the Kalman filter tracked obstacle information, a grid map can be generated. Using the grid map and A∗ search algorithm, desired path for searching totem can be calculated. In reflexive action planning stage, once ASV accidently enters hazardous region, where it has high probability of getting collide, it is designed to reflexively escape the region by making pure sway motion. An ASV experiment was performed to validate proposed method.","PeriodicalId":145963,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125442186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}