Iranian Journal of Seed Research最新文献

{"title":"Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and Evaluation of Allelopathic Potential of Wheat Cultivars on Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) Seed Germination Indices","authors":"Hossein Rezvani, F. F. Kakhki","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.55","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Introduction : One of the biological methods of weed control is the use of allelopathic substances or herbal secretions that have the potential to inhibit growth weeds. Wheat allelopathic studies include the study of wheat allelopathy against other crops, weeds, pests and diseases, isolation and identification of allelopathic compounds, the effects of wheat toxicity on self-storage and management of wheat residues. Wild mustard ( Sinapis arvensis ) is a problematic weed in the country, especially in Golestan province. The present study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic potential of four wheat cultivars to use those cultivars in integrated weed management system to reduction growth mustard weed. Materials and methods : A factorial experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with three replications at Physiology Laboratory of Golestan Agricultural Research Center. Treatments included concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% aqueous extract of aerial and underground organs of four wheat cultivars (Morvarid, Moghan, Tajan and Arta) with 6000 polyethylene glycol treatment in four concentration (zero, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 percent). Three-parameter logistic model was used to evaluate the allelopathic potential of wheat genotypes for reducing the percentage of wild mustard germination and liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the phenolic acids composition in wheat cultivar extract. Results : Extract of shoot of all wheat cultivars reduced root length of wild mustard in comparison of control. Wheat cultivars reduced shoot length of wild mustard by 28% to 51% compared to control. The highest reduction in mustard shoot length was obtained from the Morvarid extract. Increase in shoot extract concentration of Arta to 7.5%, reduced root and shoot dry weight as 47 and 29% in compare of control treatment and Moghan cultivar in the same concentration (7.5%) caused reduction in root and shoot dry weight with 68 and 41% respectively. The highest reduction in germination indices of wild mustard was obtained from high concentrations of Morvarid and Moghan wheat extract. It was also found that with increasing concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) growth indices and germination components of wild mustard seed decreased, but this decrease was not significant. This confirms that the osmotic potential of the extract concentration is not involved in the exacerbation of the allelochemical effect and the likelihood of osmotic effect seems poor. In total, Morvarid cultivar with 25.34 mg phenolic acid content had the highest phenolic acid concentration, which was approximately three times more than that of Tajan, 1.5 times Moghan and three times of Arta cultivar. Morvarid cultivar had higher concentration of vanillic acid and ferulic acid than the other three cultivars. Overall, the least allelopathic effect was observed in Tajan cultivar and the most allelopathic effect was in Morvarid cultivar. Conclusion: Among the cultiva","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79390758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Germination, Seedling Emergence, and Management of Pest and Diseases in Nicotiana tabacum cv. K326 in Response to Seed Disinfection","authors":"Hamed Zamani, H. Mobasser, A. Hamidi, Alireza Daneshmand","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.209","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Seed is the fundamental input of crop production and tobacco is cultivated as transplanting and its transplant produced as float system. Therefore, seed germination and produced seedling health and diseases and pests management have high importance. So, evaluation of seeds dressing effect on germination and important pests and diseases management in the nursery for healthy transplantable seedling production is important. The study aims to investigate the effect of disinfectant of K326 tobacco seed on germination and percentage of transmissible transplants and management of contamination of sciaridae fly, aphid, and collar rot in a float system tray. Material and method: This study was conducted as a completely randomized design in 3 replications at Tirtash Research and Education Center in 2014. seeds dressed by pelleting apparatus disinfected with Metalaxyl (Ridomil) and Thiophanate–methyl (TopsinM) fungicides and Imidacloprid (Gaucho), Thiamethoxam (Confidor) and Thiodicarb (Larvin) insecticide and seeds heating by 60ºC temperature warm air during 1 hour, seeds treatment by 50ºC heat water for 10 minutes and treatment by 0.5 percent concentration sodium hypochlorite for 4 minutes. Then normal seedlings percent by standard germination test, seedling emergence percent in float system, transplantable seedling of float system and infected to Sciarid fly, aphid and stem rot seedlings determined. Results: Results showed that K326 Tobacco Seeds Disinfected by 2.5 g/kg metallaxyl + 2.5 g/kg thiophane-methyl (70% wettable powder) + 10 g/kg imidacloprid + 6 cm3/kg Thiodicarb had the highest percentage of normal seedlings, percentage of seedling emergence in the float system tray and percentage of removable transplants and the least seedling contaminated with sciaridae, aphid and collar rot. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that all seed disinfection treatments improved seed germination, seedling emergence percentage, and removable seedlings in the float system tray as well as infected seedlings compared to control decreased collar rot, sciaridae fly, and aphids. Also, the mentioned traits were superior to the non-chemical disinfectant treatments in seed disinfection treatments with the studied fungicides and insecticides.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88587567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germination and Some Morphophysiological Traits of Convolvulus arvensis in Response to Salinity Stress","authors":"Azam Jamshidizadeh, Masoumeh Farzaneh, A. R. Ghahfarokhi, F. Nasernakhaei","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.89","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: because the most and Binweed Convolvulus arvensis L.) is the ten widespread noxious in the that it is reproduced by seed, horizontal lateral root, and rhizome. Because of the extensive underground root system of the bindweed with abundant buds and established root reserves, binweed competes more tolerant than crops under salinity and drought stress. More information on morphophysiological traits of binweed under salinity conditions and comparison of salinity tolerance index between germination and seedling can also be contributed to the most effective management. In order to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics of binweed two experiments were conducted separately under salinity stress. Materials and Methods : Germination experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 9 levels of salinity stresses (control), 5, 20, 25, 30, 35, and dS.m -1 four the The seedling experiment was performed in a random complete block design consisted of five levels of salinity (tap water, 10, 20, 30, and 40 dS.m -1 ) with three replications as the pot in a non-shade greenhouse of Agricultural College of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Results: The results showed that with raising salinity, percentage germination and vigure index of seed declined, but Radicle/ Plumule ratio rose. After two weeks, in response to salinity a decrease in root and shoot characteristics of the seedling was observed. Salinity stress data were fitted to a three-parameter logistic for seedling stage showed that the salinity levels higher than 7.86 dS.m -1 led to 50 percent reduction in tolerance index. It was found that 19.84 dS.m -1 caused 50% decrease in the tolerance index at germination stage. Sufficient tolerance index growth stage variation in response to salinity was found which suggests that bindweed tolerance to salinity at germination stage is about 3 times more than that of seedling stage. Conclusions: Radicle/ plumule ratio at germination stage and root lateral branches at seedling stage increased in concentrations of up to 25 and 20 dS.m -1 , respectively. It seems the maintenance of root area and branches in response to increased salinity provide an acceptable mechanism of salinity tolerance for binweed. According to the three-parameter logistic model, the salinity tolerance of bindweed at germination and seedling stages was estimated at 20 and 8 dS.m -1 , respectively.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77419551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Salinity Tolerance in Non-Iranian Primary Tritipyrum Promising Lines with Two Wheat Cultivars in Germination Stage","authors":"Zeinab Pirsalami, A. Masoumiasl, Hossein Shahsevand hasani, M. Dehdari","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Salinity stress is one of the most important factors in decreasing crop yield. Crossing between cultivars and wild relatives is one of the methods to creating salinity tolerant plants that has led to the creation of new Tritipyrum cereals. Investigation of the effect of salinity stress at the germination stage is a reliable test in assessing salinity tolerance of many species; it reduces percentage and rate germination as well as decreases of root and shoots growth. This research aims to investigate the effects of different levels of salinity stress on germination of promising non-Iranian Tritipyrum lines and two wheat cultivars, Alvand (salinity tolerant) and Ghods (salinity sensitive). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in factorial based on the completely randomized design at the Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University. The first factor consisted of 13 Tritipyrum lines and two wheat cultivars and the second factor consisted of different salinity levels (240, 160, 80, 0 mM NaCl). After surface disinfection and seed culture in a petri dish, germination-related traits were measured until the 14 th day. Results: The results showed that by increasing salinity level, germination rate and percentage, root length, shoot length, dry and fresh root weight, and shoot dry weight decreased. The highest percentage (79.79%) 3 , (Ka/b)(Cr/b)F 6, and (Ka/b)(Cr/b)F 3 and La(4B/4D)×(b) and the simple lines La/b, Az/b and St/b were better than others. Therefore, these selected lines can be considered in further complementary studies.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82714028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Ecological Aspects of Seed Germination of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) Ecotypes of Khuzestan and Fars Provinces","authors":"A. Zare, E. Elahifard, Zahra Asadinejad","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Syrian mesquite is introduced as a weed in wheat and barley fields, saffron, cotton and vegetables, and in orchards. The spread of this weed in different climates raises the question of how much native plant conditions can affect germination characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of native plant conditions on germination characteristics in response to environmental stresses (temperature, salinity, and drought). Materials and Methods: To investigate dormancy elimination and germination response thresholds of two Syrian mesquite ecotypes (Khuzestan and Fars) to environmental factors (temperature, salinity, and drought), four separate experiments were carried out as factorial based on completely block design with three replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Treatments included immersion the seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) (0, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min), different temperature (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 °C), salinity levels (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mM), and different levels of drought stress (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 and 1.2 MPa). Results: The time required for immersion of seeds in sulfuric acid to dormancy breaking for two ecotypes was different. The estimated parameters indicated time of immersion in sulfuric acid to reach 50% germination in the Khuzestan ecotype (11.38 min) was longer than the Fars ecotype (8.10 min). The Khuzestan ecotype was also able to germinate (45%) at 40 ° C, whereas germination in the Fars ecotype was stopped at this temperature. Germination rate and cumulative germination percentage at temperatures below 25 ° C were higher in Fars ecotype than in the Khuzestan ecotype. The results of the salinity experiment showed that 50% reduction in seed vigor index, final germination percentage, and germination rate in the Fars ecotype were 167.48, 404.46, and 307.02 mM respectively and in the Khuzestan ecotype were 0.89. 229, 380.16, and 299.57 mM, respectively. For drought treatments, 50% reduction in final germination percentage, seed vigor index, and germination rate in Fars ecotype were -0.50, -0.38, and -0.39 MPa, respectively, and in Khuzestan ecotype were -0.46, -0.46, and -0.50 MPa, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that native plant climatic conditions (latitude and longitude, elevation, rainfall, and temperature) can affect the degree of seed dormancy, resistance to environmental stresses such as temperature, salinity, and drought.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90040348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the Water Absorption Pattern of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Tubers and Evaluation of Their Sprouting Behavior in Different Storage Conditions","authors":"S. Mijani, M. Rastgoo, A. Ghanbari, M. Mahallati","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.107","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Introduction: Tubers are considered as the most important vegetative organs in reproduction of purple nutsedge, as one of the most troublesome weeds worldwide. Therefore, it is great of importance to investigate the properties of the tuber response to the surrounding environment such as absorption and loss of water. Water uptake is the first step in the sprouting process, though the pattern of water uptake by purple nutsedge tubers has not been documented. Loss of water in tubers is one of the potent factors in reducing their ability to sprouting. Three separate experiments were carried out to investigate the absorption and loss of water content of purple nutsedge tubers. Material and Methods: In the first experiment, the tubers were placed in a water bath at temperatures of 10, 20, 30, and 40 ° C. Then, the weight of the tubers was measured at different times (24 till 3600 minutes). The water uptake percentage of tubers at different temperatures was studied by fitting the Peleg model. In the second experiment, the initiation day of sprouting was investigated at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 30, and 40 ° C. In the third experiment, water loss and sprouting percentage of tubers were evaluated in two conditions refrigerator (4° C) and room (22 to 25 ° C). Results: The results showed that the initial water content of tubers was 42% and absorbed 10% extra water after being immersed in water. The water uptake behavior was based on the Peleg model at two stages: (1) rapid uptake (less than 420 minutes (7 hours), and (2) a low uptake with a gentle slope afterward. In the Peleg model, the parameters K 1 (minutes *.%weight -1 ) and K 2 (% -1 ) are water absorption rate and water absorption capacity, respectively. The K 1 parameter was negatively against temperature. The highest and lowest values were 49.56 and 28.55 at 10 and 40 ° C, respectively. On the other hand, the trend of the K 2 was constant (0.1) at 10-30 °C but was 0.08 at 40 °C. The two - parameter Hyperbola model was superior to the Peleg and predicts the highest water absorption and time to 50 percent water absorption parameters. The results showed that sprouting of purple nutsedge tubers at 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C occurred after 14.44, 6.57, 3.24, and 3.12 days, respectively. Keeping the tubers in the room (22-25 °C) and refrigerator (4 °C), sprouting stopped after 3 and 9 months, respectively. The time required for 50% reduction of sprouting in the room and refrigerator was estimated to be 1.3 months (39 days) and 5.12 months (154 days), respectively. The time required for 50% loss weight of tubers in the room and refrigerator was 1.981 months (59 days) and about 6 months (180 days), respectively. Overall, weight loss (water loss) up 11.85%, resulted in 50% reduction in tuber sprouting. Conclusion: Maximum water uptake in tubers occurred in less than 420 minutes (seven hours) at all temperatures. Slow sprouting in tubers at low temperatures is not associated with an obsta","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82422218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Optimum Concentration and Time of Pre-Treatment with Plant Growth Regulators on Germination Indices of Catharanthus roseus Seed","authors":"M. Ababaf, H. Omidi, A. Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.52547/yujs.7.2.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.7.2.191","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Catharanthus roseus is regarded as a medicinal ornamental plant. This plant has anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetes, and antimicrobial properties. Catharanthus has a fairly long vegetative period due to its slow initial growth. The long growth period of the plant is considered one of the limitations in its cultivation on a larger scale. By using plant growth regulators such as salicylic acid (SA) in the imbibition phase and pre-treatment, an increase in seed activity and the seedling growth of many crops is observable. Also, jasmonic acid (JA) plant growth regulators play an important role in seed germination and plant growth. Regarding the long growth period of this plant, the small size of the seed, and poor establishment in the field with semi-heavy and heavy textured soils, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed priming with SA and JA in different concentrations and periods on improving Catharanthus roseus seed germination indices. Materials and Methods: The studies were conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology of Shahed University, Tehran, in 2017. Treatments included five different concentrations of SA (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM), concentrations of JA (0, 1, 10, and 100 µM) and five periods of time (0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours). At the end of the experiment (10 days) traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time , mean daily germination, germination value, seed length vigor index, seed weight vigor index, seedling dry weight , shoot dry weight, radicle dry weight , radicle length , shoot length, and seedling length were measured. Results: The results indicated that the effect SA, JA, and time were significant on germination percentage, germination speed, mean germination time, mean daily germination, germination value, seedling length , seedling length vigor index , seedling weight vigor index, and radicle dry weight. The best times for pre-treatment with SA were 24 and 48 hours. Among the applied concentrations of SA, 0.5 and 1 mM concentrations showed the best results. Also, the best time and concentration for pre-treatment with JA were 12 and 24 hours and 10 µM. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that using SA and JA for seed priming improved seed germination components. In addition to the pre-treatment concentrations of SA and JA, the duration of seed contact with growth regulators is important. It was observed that there was a significant difference among the different priming times, therefore, it can be stated that seed pre-treatment time is one of the important factors of seed priming, and the determination of proper priming time prevented the negative effect of pretreatment on germination and seedling growth in primed seeds.","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Emergence, Growth and Some Physiological Parameters of Canola (Brassica napus) by Leaching of Allelopathic Compounds of Soybean, Black Cumin, Dragonhead and Dill Residue","authors":"M. Rostami, S. Fallah, A. A. Surki, Mohammad Rafieoalhosseini","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.7.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.7.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Introduction: Plants release much of bioactive chemicals from different parts such as leaves, stems and roots through different mechanisms to their surrounding environement. These biologically active chemicals are often referred to as \"allelochemicals\". Allelopathic compounds play a major role in reducing germination and the growth of crops. Materials and methods: In this study, the effect of leaching on the reduction of phytotoxicity effect of soybean, black cumin, dragonhead and dill was investigated on the emergence and early growth of canola ( Brassica napus L.). The experiment was conducted as factorial based on a completely randomized design with four replications in 2016. Treatments included four previous crop residue (soybean, black cumin, dragonhead, and dill), and three levels of leaching (without leaching, one-time leaching, and two-times leaching). The leaching-free treatment (control) was sub-irrigated to maintain the uniformity of environment moisture. Five days after the first leaching, the two leaching treatment was irrigated again. Five days after the second leaching, when the soil moisture was suitable for seed planting, 10 seeds of canola were cultivated in each pot at a depth of 3 cm of soil. After three weeks seedlings of canola were removed from the pot and the traits were measured. Results: The results showed that the growth characteristics of canola, except root length, were affected by the residues of the previous crop. In non-leaching conditions, the residue of the four plants reduced the rate and amount of canola emergence, and the greatest reduction in canola emergence was recorded for the application of black cumin residue (7.5%). In the leaching conditions, the length of canola leaves increased, which was higher in the twice leaching treatment. This trend shows that as the amount of leaching frequency increased, it is highly likely that more inhibitiing materials leave the soil and conditions become suitable for canola germination and growth.. The highest dry weight of canola root was observed in one-time leaching treatment. The dry weight of canola leaf grown in dill and soybean residues was increased as a result of one-time leaching, whereas the dry weight of canola grown in black cumin and dragonhead residues showed a higher increase in two-times leaching. Results show that four studied plants have canola growth inhibiting compounds and leaching can ameliorate this effect. The response of canola in the soil containing black cumin and dragonhead residues is higher in two-times leaching, and in the soil containing plant residues dill, one-time leaching is sufficient. In soils containing soybean residue, the response index was almost similar in case of one and two-times leaching. Conclusion: Generally, the results showed that the application of leaching before planting canola reduced the inhibitory effects of plant residue on germination and growth of canola. Therefore, it is suggested that in the a","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87915783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking Seed Dormancy of Camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) Using Different Treatments and Salinity Tolerance Threshold Level Evaluation at Germination Stage","authors":"هادی پیراسته انوشه","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.7.1.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.7.1.181","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Camelthorn ( Alhagi maurorum ) has a high tolerance to salt and water stresses, and its forage quality is greater than cereal straw and is equal to alfalfa. Seeds of camelthorn do not germinate easily due to the hard seed coat. Therefore, camelthorn cultivation as an agricultural crop needs more research, especially on breaking seed dormancy and increasing germination. Despite numerous studies about camelthorn as a weed, there are few studies on evaluating agronomic factors of camelthorn as a field crop. Hence, in this study, some aspects of germination and salinity tolerance of camelthorn were examined. Materials and Methods: In this research, different aspects of camelthorn germination were examined at the National Salinity Research Center in 2018. In the first experiment, different pretreatments including control, sandpaper, hydro-priming, hot water, and sulphuric acid were assessed. With the selection of sulphuric acid as the best treatment, varying durations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min) and concentrations (98% and 75%) of sulphuric acid priming were compared in the second and third experiments. In the fourth experiment, the seeds collected in 2018 were compared with the seeds collected in 2017 and 2016. The effect of different salt stress levels (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 dS m -1 ) was evaluated on camelthorn germination and early growth in the fifth experiment. In the sixth experiment, lighting regimes including continuous dark, continuous light, and an alternative period of dark- light were examined and in the seventh experiment sibling factors (together and individual seeds) were evaluated. Seed germination and seedling length were calculated and salinity tolerance threshold levels and 50% reduction threshold were estimated. Results: The results of the first experiment showed that the highest germination percentage was obtained in sulphuric acid priming (56.6%), which was six folds greater than the control. In the second experiment, it was shown that the highest germination percentage (81.1%) and seedling growth (5.7 cm) was observed in sulphuric acid priming 98% for 25 min. Important note was that these results were related to domestically produced sulphuric acid, and the highest germination and seedling growth were observed in 75% concentration for the imported sulphuric acid. In the fourth experiment, it was found that at least 3 years of seed longevity had no significant effect on seed germination. Considerable losses in germination and growth were observed from 30 dS m -1 salinity level; however, germination did not completely stop even at 36 dS m -1 salinity. In the sixth and the seventh experiments, it was found that there were no significant differences between seeds germination in the continuous dark, continuous light, and an alternative period of dark- light as well as between individual and together seeds. So, camelthorn seed is not photoblastic and had no negative sibling factor. in the germination stage, it","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91275084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of salicylic acid priming on seed germination and morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics of tomato seedling (Lycopersicom esculentun)","authors":"L. Karami, M. Hedayat, Somayeh Farahbakhsh","doi":"10.29252/YUJS.7.1.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/YUJS.7.1.165","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Seed germination is a complex and dynamic stage of plant growth, and seed priming is a technique by which the seeds obtain germination potential physiologically and biochemically before being placed on growth media and facing the ecological conditions of the environment. Seed priming increases yield and antioxidant enzymes in plants by increasing germination and seed vigor and as a result, increases percentage of germination. Several studies have investigated the effect of seed priming with organic materials including salicylic acid on improving seed germination in various plant species. Research results have shown that salicylic acid can be used as a growth regulator to increase the germination of plants. Tomato, with scientific name of Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill), belongs to the Solanaceae family and is widely adapted to different climatic and soil conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Salicylic acid on seed germination and some factors of morphophysiologic and biochemical traits of tomato seedlings. Materials and methods : This research was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design, including priming treatment in 3 time frames (12, 18 and 24 hours) with three replications. Priming treatments consisted of salicylic acid (2, 2.5 and 3 mg/l) and distilled water. The measured traits were germination parameters including percentage, time, rate, and uniformity of germination and morphological traits including transplant height, crown diameter, root length, leaf number, and leaf area, shoot and root fresh and dry weight and biochemical traits including chlorophyll, peroxidase enzyme, proline, total nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and sodium. Results : The favorable effect of salicylic acid was obtained at the concentration of 3 mg/l on mean germination time compared to the distilled water. The positive effect of salicylic acid was observed on transplant height and leaf area (at the concentration of 3 mg/l at 18 and 24 hours’ time frame), shoot and root fresh and dry weight (at 24 hours) compared to the control. Immersion in distilled water for a period of 12 and 24 hours resulted in the highest root length, while salicylic acid treatment reduced root length significantly. The highest transplant height (14.3 cm), leaf number (34), chlorophyll index (59), peroxidase enzyme (10873 unit/g.min -1 ), total nitrogen (2.89%), potassium (9.81%), and proline content (14.80 µM/g fresh weight) were observed in 24 hours treatment with concentration of 3 mg / l salicylic acid. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, salicylic acid at certain concentration improves seeds germination of tomato plants through the regulation of physiologic and biochemical processes. It seems that salicylic acid led to increase in plant growth and improvement of seed germination and morphophysiological parameters of the tomato via affecting cell growth and division. Seed priming","PeriodicalId":14578,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Seed Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81538645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}