IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Smart and Sustainable Energy Systems: Enhanced Transmission of EEG Signals in Telemedicine Applications using Soft Output Viterbi Turbo Decoder","authors":"K. B. Santhosh Kumar, B. R. Sujatha, N. Sushma, Venkateswara Rao Kolli","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1375/1/012022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1375/1/012022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the era of telemedicine, where remote treatment is gaining traction, the reliable transmission of biomedical signals is paramount. Turbo Coding has emerged as a pivotal method due to its robust performance and quality of service. However, the inherent complexity of Turbo decoders presents a significant hurdle. This paper investigates the efficacy of Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm (SOVA), Logarithmic MAP (Log-MAP), and Maximum A posteriori Probability (MAP) decoding techniques within Turbo decoding, crucial for real-time telemedicine applications. Focusing specifically on EEG signal transmission, we employ wireless channels and Turbo coding to enhance reliability. Viterbi decoding is leveraged to mitigate complexity, with an in-depth analysis of the SOVA algorithm’s Bit Error Rate performance across various parameters. This research enhances telemedicine by improving the reliability of biomedical signal transmission. Through efficient decoding techniques like Soft Output Viterbi Turbo Decoder, it ensures timely and accurate healthcare delivery. By reducing the need for patient travel and optimizing energy consumption, it aligns with Smart and Sustainable Energy Systems goals. This contributes to global healthcare accessibility and sustainability by minimizing carbon footprint and resource utilization. Ultimately, it promotes efficient, dependable, and eco-friendly healthcare solutions for all.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"174 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of chloride ion diffusion on the structure of cement composites containing carbonate additives","authors":"O Borziak, V Zhuravel, M Hudymenko","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012023","url":null,"abstract":"One way to reduce the diffusion of chlorides deep into concrete is to bind chlorine ions into stable hydration products. It is known that systems containing carbonates have an increased binding capacity towards chlorides. The goal of this work is to study the effect of carbonate additives on the depth of diffusion of chlorine ions in cement composites (mortars). As controls, samples of mortar were made using cement CEM I 42.5 R as binder. In the main samples, 15% of cement was replaced by carbonates - chalk and limestone. The strength characteristics of mortar samples kept in water and in a sodium chloride solution were studied. According to test data, it was established that the compressive strength of samples with the addition of chalk or limestone practically does not change under the influence of a chloride solution. The compressive strength of samples without additives in the salt solution decreased by 8%. The depth of diffusion of chlorine ions deep into cement composites was also studied. It has been established that replacing part of the binder with carbonate additives does not reduce the permeability of porous cement composites for chloride ions.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Efficient Reconstruction of Damaged Mass Housing Estates in Ukraine: Theoretical Aspects and German Practice","authors":"A Morshchavka, J Polívka, L Shvets","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012044","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to investigate the significance of energy efficiency during Ukraine’s post-war recovery and strategies to improve energy efficiency in buildings in mass housing estates. The motivation for improving energy efficiency is to strengthen the country’s energy independence, reduce the burden on the national budget, meet political commitments, and reduce negative environmental impacts. Currently, energy efficiency in Ukraine lags behind that of European Union countries, necessitating a review of policies and strategies in this field. The inefficient energy use by outdated housing structures has a negative impact on overall energy efficiency. To improve energy efficiency in the housing stock, it is crucial to target Soviet-era mass housing estates, which represent a considerable proportion of the country’s housing supply and fail to meet modern standards. This article provides an overview of the energy-efficient renovation strategies applied in Germany. These endeavors involve reducing heat losses caused by convection and conduction, regulating solar gains, and improving the energy efficiency of technical systems that cater to building services and occupant comfort.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Cultural Landscape: Mapping of Traditional House in Aceh","authors":"C Dewi, E N Rauzi, M H A Edytia, J Nichols","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012042","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural landscape mapping layers historical, spatial, and narrative as an inventory of heritage – maintaining resilient data – knowledge. The traditional house is one of the elements of the historical cultural landscape exploring people’s engagement with the places that they inhabit. Places are literally “mapped” in order to mark essential composed cultural representations of the area. The widespread heritage of traditional houses called Rumoh Aceh is increasingly disappearing along with the development of modern housing demanded by the community. Therefore, this study aims to assemble a repository of the existence of traditional houses in Aceh Besar and classify the use of different building materials, and changes made to the original building materials among them. A range of datasets are collected including the coordinates of the location of Rumoh Aceh and the images of its current condition. The first finding is a map of Rumoh Aceh established in unexplored villages that illustrates the density of traditional Rumoh Aceh spreading among the villages located in Aceh Besar Regency. Secondly, most of the thatched roof – the original roof materials of Rumoh Aceh – is replaced by zinc and repainted with non-wood colours like blue, yellow, and green. In addition, all the results are available online. Thus, it enables people to access the historical Rumoh Aceh landscape embedded in digital data that is resilient and sustainable. The availability of online data is not only for cultural conservation but also for disaster mitigation and post-disaster reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Recreational Activities and Greening of Urban-Parks in Kharkiv","authors":"Y Honcharenko, U Sokolenko, N Oleksiichenko, A Sokolnyk","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012002","url":null,"abstract":"Urban-parks, as sports and gaming locations, are a new type of landscape facilities in Ukraine, the first of which were created in Kharkiv. The three urban-parks in Kharkiv have been studied: Molodizhnyi, Saltivskyi and urban-park on Yuriyeva Bulevard. Recreational studies and plant inventories have been conducted to determine the popularity of the parks in 2021. The recreation surveys considered two indicators: the degree of recreation and the length of time visitors spent in the park. Field surveys were conducted in August and October. Saltivskyi urban-park was the most visited, and Molodizhnyi park was the least visited. The presence of playgrounds for pre-school children and children with disabilities makes Saltivskyy more attractive. The calculation of the average length of stay of the visitors on the territory showed that the visitors spend from 1,3 h/day to 1,77 h/day in the urban-parks. It is possible to identify shortcomings in the design of urban parks and make suggestions for their improvement based on the results of recreational load and greenery inventory assessment in urban-parks. The inventory showed that the area of green spaces in the urban-parks has decreased as a result of reconstruction. The level of greenery in Saltivskyi and Molodizhnyi urban parks is rather low and does not meet national regulatory requirements. There are 28 plant taxa of 11 families used in landscaping of the urban-parks, the greatest diversity in Molodizhnyi has been observed. It is necessary to optimize the existing assortment of plants. Some of them are not in a good sanitary condition, which has a negative impact on the overall decorative appearance of the plants and the parks in general.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the body strut of the grain hopper wagon","authors":"A O Lovska, G L Vatulia, M V Pavliuchenkov, P Vichare, T Leslie","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012037","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the optimization of vertical body struts of the bearing structure of the grain hopper wagon. The study included obtaining mathematical models using modern methods of the mathematical planning of the experiment. At the same time, the target function of the optimization was to reduce the material consumption for the strut. Based on the study conducted, it has been found that the mass of the strut, allowing for the optimization of its geometric parameters, is 4.3% lower than that of the existing structure. It should be noted that the optimization model proposed can also be used for selecting the optimal material for the strut, which may additionally reduce the material consumption of the hopper wagon body. The strength of the hoper wagon body with its optimized struts was calculated using the finite element method. The results of the calculation have shown that the strength indicators of the frame under the main operating loading conditions are within the permissible limits. The conducted research will contribute to the development of best practices for modern rail wagon designs with improved technical and economic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight and size characteristics of heat exchange equipment of hybrid Flash/ORC power plants: case of application in WHR cogeneration plants","authors":"Andriy Redko, Serhii Pavlovskyi, Oleksandr Redko, Adam Ujma, Vadym Zadiranov","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012032","url":null,"abstract":"Calculations of the characteristics concerning the heat exchange equipment of the Flash/ORC power plant for the usage in waste heat recovery (WHR) cogeneration plants are presented. The use of hybrid power plants with water steam and organic working fluids, on the one hand, leads to an increase in the mass of the heat exchange equipment, and on the other hand, it ensures the generation of electrical energy and heat at high temperatures of the heat source, when the use of high-temperature working fluids is limited their thermal stability (for example, the thermal stability of silaxanes is about 300 ºC). Calculations are performed for a heat source with temperatures of 250ºC and 350 ºC. The generated electrical power of the power plant at a heat source temperature of 350ºC is 460 kW. The generated thermal power by capacitors is 1755.3 kW. The mass of the capacitors of the second and third circuits is 5000 kg and 14500 kg, respectively. It is shown that when the temperature of the heat source decreases to 250ºC with a double-circuit design, the mass of the heat exchange equipment decreases. Thus, the mass of the condenser is 12700 kg, and the generated thermal power is 1430.2 kW. The values of the heat exchange surface area of a direct-flow steam generator with flue gases, and an intermediate steam generator between the stages of the thermal circuit of a regenerative heat exchanger, as well as a water-cooled condenser are given. When the condenser is cooled by atmospheric air, the surface area of the condenser increases significantly. A characteristic feature of organic working fluids is the low efficiency of heat exchange in heat exchangers, especially at low temperatures. The heat transfer coefficient in heat exchangers with organic working fluids is about 1500-2800 W/(m2•K), which causes an increase in the heat exchange surface area. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the diameters of pipes in the heat exchangers of the steam generator, to use the pipes with internal ribs, and coil pipes in order to reduce the pipe length. The use of steam generators with coil steam-generating channels, characterized by a higher heat exchange intensity, is promising. The selection of the optimal structure and parameters of the ORC installation is carried out taking into account the mutual influence of steam turbine units on the efficiency of working processes in general.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RC beams with an early phase of reinforcement damage","authors":"Yaroslav Blikharskyy, Roman Khmil, Dušan Katunský, Zinoviy Blikharskyy","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012020","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the experimental results of reinforced concrete beams with thermally strengthened reinforcement. According to engineering experience, rein-forced concrete is the most commonly used construction material today. Rein-forced concrete structures are widely used in buildings and roof structures for both industrial and civil purposes. Reinforced concrete is optimally used as part of building structures and effectively performs its functions, perceiving various types of force and non-force influences, the nature of which depends on the conditions of operation in different environments. At the same time, for reinforced concrete structures, the durability and residual bearing capacity sometimes de-pends not only on force loads, but also on the effects of the surrounding environment. One of the most dangerous effects are corrosion processes, which cause the appearance of defects of various degrees and, accordingly, a decrease in the load-bearing capacity of structural elements. At the same time, the intensity of degradation of structures under the influence of an aggressive environment de-pends on the operating conditions, chemical composition and concentration of the aggressive environment. That is why, two beams with a diameter of 20 mm of reinforcement of class A500C were designed and experimentally tested, and the other two beams were tested with damage from 20 mm to 18 mm of the outer thermally strengthened layer. Damage from 20 mm to 18 mm corresponds to 19% of undamaged samples.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typology of Perak Cultural Landscape: The Geographical Mapping Analysis","authors":"Nur Huzeima Mohd Hussain, Ahmad Zamil Zakaria, Suzanah Abdullah, Nadiyanti Mat Nayan","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012039","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the intricate typology of Perak’s cultural landscape through a comprehensive geographical mapping analysis. In Perak, the cultural landscape is experiencing changes, especially in the land and typology due to the overwhelming development. As cultural landscape plays a substantial role in historical and heritage values, efforts in documenting and analyzing the landscape change remain significant. This study documented a series of spatial data layers focusing on geographical context to describe and map the landscape typology in Perak. The geographical context including; agricultural landscape, coastal landscape, highland natural landscape, and lowland natural landscape was used as patches for the spatial and landscape-based metrics analysis. The analysis adopted the overlaying mapping technique by the Geographical Information System (GIS) in modifying and verifying the secondary data mapping by the Perak Structural Master Plan year 2040. The composite trajectory analysis in this study contributes to a more comprehensive cultural landscape typology toward sustaining cultural heritage value in the near future.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Aspects and Historical Development of Colonial Architectural Heritage in Aceh","authors":"Cut Dewi, Izziah1, Lisa Maharani","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012044","url":null,"abstract":"Colonial architecture is an architectural style derived from a mixture of European architecture that adapts to the local environment and climate, in this case the tropical climate of Indonesia. Therefore, colonial architecture is one of a good example of some traces of climate and environmental effects on built environment. Thus, this study wants to examine the environmental adaptations of colonial buildings in Aceh by taking examples from Banda Aceh. The city is amongst important cities during the Dutch colonial occupation. This research uses qualitative methods with observation, interview, and archival studies and documentation. This research aims to tie together the literature review of the historical narratives, climate adaptation, and cultural adoption of colonial architecture especially in Aceh and how it relates to wider Indonesia context. It uses some fieldwork data and analysis undertaken in Aceh. This study shows that raised-floor building and uses of timber are amongst obvious traces of environmental adaptations to Aceh. Through its historical developments, colonial architecture has adapted to tropical aspects. This highlights the importance of climate and environment in shaping colonial buildings and the ways in which colonial buildings adapts to local conditions to create functional and aesthetical spaces. Thus, further study can be undertaken to see how then cultural and environmental aspects influence the development of colonial architecture in contemporary uses and its conservation dilemma.","PeriodicalId":14556,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}