IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Soaking Coffee (Coffea arabica) Cherries on Biochemical Composition and Cup Quality of Coffee Brew","authors":"Pauline W. Ikumi, R. Koskei, D. Njoroge, C. Kathurima","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106021418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106021418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"14-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82037163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floral Diversity of Common Flora in Kolleru Lake A.P","authors":"P. Brahmajirao, V. R.G.","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106030111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106030111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"189 1","pages":"01-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78989221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Practices for Sustaining Agriculture: Integrating Indigenous and Modern Methods of Soil Fertility Management Inbeed District","authors":"S. Hashmi, Q. Saleem","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105044952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105044952","url":null,"abstract":"Steady declining of soil productivity aggravated by diminishing per capita holdings of arable land poses a severe threat to sustainability of agricultural production and livelihoods for the majority ofthe farming population inbeed district. Farming mechanism and strategies in Beedn agriculture is mainly focus on technological transfer which put loose attention to local soil fertility managementpractices. Thus, aggregately, less production is being achieved. Hence, the only use of modern science in diverse agro-ecological zone of farming area and complex socio-economic conditions of the people has failed to ensure sustainable agriculture. Nowadays, across the world however, there is significant recognition of the role of Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in many development dimensions which is not exceptional to soil fertility management. However, in Beed the absence of effective linkage between IK and modern science in land management in general and soil in particular is themost probable problems that hinder the effectiveness of the development of agriculture. Therefore,the attempt of this paper work was to assess the integration of indigenous and modern methods ofsoil fertility management measures and prominent challenges in sustaining agriculture at rural Beed. 142 household farmers were randomly selected using simple random sampling procedure. Questionnaire surveys, key informant interview and observation checklist were data gathering tools used. As the finding, the use of chemical fertilizer was not only lesser but also far below what is normally recommended per hectare. This was due to a number of inconveniences (i.e., wealth difference, high price of farm inputs, in sufficient credit, and untimely supply of the fertilizer), and therefore, retarded the practices for ensuring food security. There is integration of the two bodies of knowledge. Lack of adequate and organized trainings for farmers, limited input, fragmented land holdings, technical failure, and deficiency of the farmer-extension services are the major constraints in linking the two bodies of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83148261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of components of Green Supply Chain Migration strategies in Green Supply Chain Performance measurement-A Pilot Empirical Study of the Indian Automobile Manufacturing Sector","authors":"M. A. Gandhi","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106025055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106025055","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is one of the several extensions of the research works done by [5]. Green Supply Chain Practices have been known to have an impact on Green Supply Chain Performance [5].This paper tests empirically through a pilot study of the Indian Automobile Manufacturing Sector, the contribution of the five variables constituting the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies in Green Supply Chain Performance measurement. Also the paper establishes the reliability of the questionnaire instrument developed previously for measuring the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies and also for measuring the five variables that constitute the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies. Further the paper establishes the correlation among these five variables. Finally this paper conducts Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to arrive at a single factor (linear combination of five variables constituting the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies) to aid in measuring the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies. Finally the paper establishes the order of contribution of the five variables constituting the construct Green Supply Chain Migration strategies.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"79 1","pages":"50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73598415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol and Aqueous Extracts of Garcinia Kola and Allium Sativum against Some Respiratory Pathogens: Alternative Antimicrobials?","authors":"M. Ohanu, Jerome U. Nduka, C. Otuu, N. ShuElvis, Ikechukwu S. Nkechinyere","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106031619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106031619","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of resistant respiratory pathogens against conventional antibiotics is of public health concern. The development of plant-based antimicrobials will stem the tide of resistant microbial proliferation. This study brought forth the case of microbial activity of Garcinia kola and alium sativa ethanol and aqueous extracts. These plant products are chewed in Africa and beyond, against mainly respiratory infections. The respiratory organisms involved in this study were (Staphlococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Methods Punch hole agar diffusion method was used to study the antibacterial activity of ethanol and water extracts of G. kola and A. sativum after obtaining pure cultures of the bacterial pathogens. Results The combination of A.sativum and G.kola ethanol extracts showed statistically significant (p <0.0001) antibacterial activity to all the organisms different from that of G.kola and A.sativum extracts individually (using student t test). There was statistically significant effect (p<0.0001 for each) against S. pneumoniae and S pyogenes in particular with 43mm, and 40mm, mean inhibitory zones respectively, and against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P aeruginosa with 24mm, 20mm, 18mm and 16mm mean inhibitory diameters respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the combined extracts was statistically significant when compared to single extracts for all the organisms except E coli, S pyogenes and K. pneumoniea. Conclusion: The combinations of G. kola and A. sativum have strong antimicrobial effect and were effective against susceptible organisms causing upper respiratory tract infections.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"16-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88077806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Water, Sediment and Various Species of Fish from Komadugu River Basin, Yobe State, Nigeria.","authors":"Z. Mohammed, J. Akan, Shamsu Ahmad, A. Hassan","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106021930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106021930","url":null,"abstract":"Water, sediment and fish (Clariasanguillaris, Tilapia zilli, Synodontisbudgetti and Heterotisniloticus) samples from Komadugu river basin of Yobe State, Nigeria were collected on seasonal basis (rainy, dry seasons and harmattan period) for the determination of the levels of organochlorine pesticide residues (OCPs). Extraction and clean-up of water, sediment and fish samples for OCPs was carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the OCPs in water, sediment fish samples were determined using GC/MS SHIMADZU (Agilent 7890A).The total concentration of OCPs in water samples from the study area ranged from 6.70E-01 μg/L to 2.55E+00 μg/L. The concentrations of OCPs in the different species of fish samples ranged from2.00E-02 to 1.42E+00 mg/kg. Alderin shows the highest concentration (1.42E+00 mg/kg)during the rainy season. The total OCPs (7.26E+00mg/kg)was obtained during the rainy season, while the lowest concentration of 5.68E+00 mg/kg was recorded during the dry season.The concentrations of OCPs residues in sediment samples studied ranged from 1.03E+00 to 1.20E+01 mg/kg, with dieldrin showing the highest total concentration of 1.20E+01 mg/kg during the rainy season. Dieldrin was the most abundant pesticide residues in the studied water, sediment and fish samples. The highest levels of all the studied pesticides were observed during the rainy season when compared to harmattan period and the dry season. This study revealed that pesticide residues levels in the fish samples studied were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and acceptable dietary intake (ADI) and could be an important process of transferring pesticides to humans.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81324809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Fermentation Methods on Physicochemical Composition and Sensory Quality of Coffee (Coffea arabica)","authors":"B. Mugendi, Ann W. Kinyua, R. Kipkorir, C. Kathurima","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106023136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106023136","url":null,"abstract":"Fermentation of coffee beans is primarily done to remove mucilage and can be done using two methods; dry and wet fermentation methods. This research aimed at determining the effect of different fermentation methods on physicochemical composition and the sensory quality of coffee. Coffee cherries were pulped and subjected to natural fermentation methods in different fermentation containers; plastic bucket, sack and cement tank. After fermentation, the parchment were washed and dried. The green coffee beans were evaluated for physicochemical composition and sensory attributes. The results showed that different fermentation methods did not have significant variations in most of the physico-chemical parameters analysed. However, significant variations were observed in the levels of pH with the wet fermented coffee samples showing lower levels as compared to dry fermented samples. Sensory evaluation results showed that wet fermented coffee samples had better colour of green beans, least silver skin discoloration and overall quality compared to dry fermented coffee samples. There were no significant differences in the body, acidity, colour, flavour and overall class among the coffee samples fermented using different containers. Hence different containers used during fermentation do not affect coffee quality and processors can adopt materials that are cheaper to reduce expenses during coffee processing.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84814142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) Reduction Program by Reuse GT Battery in PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar","authors":"Endrik Purbo Yunastyo, A. Apriyanto, A. Asmoro, K. Gunawan, T. R. Biyanto","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106029497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106029497","url":null,"abstract":"Battery is one of the toxic and hazardous materials. Used batteries are one of hazardous and toxic waste because it contain mercury, manganese, lead, cadmium, nickel and lithium which are harmful to the environment and human health. Battery waste shouldnt be disposed of in public landfills because it will pollute the soil, and groundwater. PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar have various innovative efforts to reduce hazardous and toxic waste generation, one of them with the reuse of ex GT batteries. This is done as commitment PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar maintain nature conservation through reuse battery ex GT. PT. PJB UP Muara Tawar implement some programs such as Marsela, Eco Utility and Fasum Mandiri Energi to reduce hazardous and toxic waste especially the battery produced. The hazardous and toxic waste reduction program by applying the ex-battery reuse shows significant results on waste reduction. This can be seen from the percentage of reuse of ex GT battery which reaches 61.8% and the cost savings of 5,959 thousand rupiahs during 2013-June 2016.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"94-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75061638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Lactobacilli Isolated From Four Different Sources","authors":"L. James","doi":"10.9790/2402-1106012428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1106012428","url":null,"abstract":"Lactobacilli, the Gram positive, non spore forming, catalase negative rod shaped lactic acid bacteria are used widely as starter cultures for food fermentations and also as probiotic cultures due to their functional attributes. In this study, four lactobacilli each isolated from different sources namely: carrot, idli batter, dahi and duck feces were assessed for various attributes like antimicrobial, bile salt hydrolysis, proteolytic and lecithinase activities and their ability to grow at different salt concentrations. All the isolates were able to grow in salt concentrations as high as five percent and possessed bile salt hydrolase, an enzyme that imparts bile salt tolerance. All of them were also found to be antagonistic against S. aureus with the isolate from carrot giving the largest zone of inhibition of 16mm diameter. Two of the isolates were found to be moderately proteolytic and none of the isolates showed lecithinase activity.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76034626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyses of Physicochemical Parameters of Selected Tap Water Samples in Cagayan de Oro (District I), Philippines","authors":"Lyka Anne Salvane, Kareen Felicilda, Chieny Rabadon, Mary Mae Vasay, Lenie Equipelag, Danica Marie Duco, V. R. K. Galarpe","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105045358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105045358","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to initially determined drinking water quality in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines. The objectives were to quantify selected physicochemical parameters among selected tap water samples on December, 2016-Feburary, 2017 in District 1 communities of the city. Analyses further included quantifying risk quotient and comparing findings to drinking water quality standard. Studied parameters were pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, conductivity, and turbidity using portable probe pre calibrated meters. Overall, determined concentrations passed reference standards for drinking water with sampling station and sampling period variation. Although no risk was determined on the studied parameters, it is however recommended to conduct further monitoring incorporating other water quality parameters.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"14 1 1","pages":"53-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76705877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}