{"title":"The Evaluation of Unpredicted Short-Macroeconomic-Shocks Originated from Cyclical COVID-19 Waves","authors":"Mario Arturo Ruiz Estrada","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3711391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3711391","url":null,"abstract":"This research evaluates how often COVID-19 waves can generate unpredicted short-macroeconomic-shocks anytime in the short run. The constant accumulation of unpredicted short-macroeconomic-shocks in the long run, it can cause an enormous negative impact on the annual GDP performance directly. We argue that each unpredicted short-macroeconomic-shock is highly costly and painful each time happens for any economy. This research debates about how COVID-19 waves directly are connected to the temperature levels consistency. On the other hand, this research attempts to introduce a new concept entitled \"The Monitoring of Unpredicted short-macroeconomic-shocks.\" This new concept involves how an increment of COVID-19 infected cases in a specific zone can immediately force closed businesses in restaurants, large shopping malls, popular markets, or any public plaza, respectively. To closed shops in different zones or districts, it can generate a possible increment of unemployment and inflation immediately in the same zone or district, lastly, at the national economy level. This research supports that unpredicted short-macroeconomic-shocks often make any economy an easy hunting prey of a possible economic depression. Finally, we like to remark that the government and the private sector's role needs to join efforts to create emergency contention financial programs to reduce the damage in each unpredicted short-macroeconomic shock just on time.","PeriodicalId":145040,"journal":{"name":"Third-Party Intervention eJournal","volume":"457 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123620487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shotgun Mechanisms for Common-Value Partnerships: The Unassigned-Offeror Problem","authors":"Claudia M. Landeo, K. Spier","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2282204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2282204","url":null,"abstract":"Shotgun clauses are commonly included in the business agreements of partnerships and limited liability companies (LLCs), but the role of offeror typically remains unassigned. In a common-value, one-sided asymmetric information setting, unequal and inefficient outcomes occur with an unassigned offeror. Experimental results are aligned with our theory.","PeriodicalId":145040,"journal":{"name":"Third-Party Intervention eJournal","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132275598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Some Obstacles to a Successful Mediation Process","authors":"A. Lempereur","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1949463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1949463","url":null,"abstract":"Instinct and common beliefs can sometimes misguide the mediator and be obstacles to mediation success. Following five different stages of a mediation session, this articles underlines a series of such obstacles and explores their underlying intuitions, as well as their subsequent usual behaviors and negative effects. Each time, instead, we suggest alternative strategies which increase expectations of success, with their expected outcome. This article combines a descriptive approach to obstacles, which increase the risks of a negative process and mediation failure, with a prescriptive approach of alternative behaviors which increase the chance of a positive process and mediation success.","PeriodicalId":145040,"journal":{"name":"Third-Party Intervention eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125199638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reforming the People's Mediation System in Urban China","authors":"Aaron Halegua","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1123283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1123283","url":null,"abstract":"After its \"revitalisation\" after the Cultural Revolution, China's people's mediation system declined throughout the 1990s. However, a \"second revitalisation\" that began in 2002 has quite successfully reversed this trend. This article discusses this reform effort in four parts. Part I explores the reasons for the 1990s decline of people's mediation in urban China and the government's interest in strengthening this institution. Policy reforms at the national level - particularly the issuance of the \"Three Documents\" - are analysed in Part II. Part III describes the basic unit in the urban people's mediation web, the community PMC, and then details the web's \"vertical expansion\" and \"horizontal expansion,\" including new forms of cooperation with the police and courts. The paper concludes with Part IV, which discusses the new \"legalised\" nature of urban people's mediation and evaluates the significance of the reforms described above.","PeriodicalId":145040,"journal":{"name":"Third-Party Intervention eJournal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130186737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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