International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of outcomes in neonates of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital in Goa","authors":"R. Naik, G. Pednekar, J. Cacodcar","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.42","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder complicating pregnancy in India. Babies born to diabetic mothers are at increased risk of neonatal complications as well as long term complications with potential of developing type 2 DM in future. Methods: A large prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Goa for a period of 18 months (2014-2016) to study the outcomes among neonates born to mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Results: Clinical outcomes of neonates born to 424 mothers with GDM were studied and compared with 424 neonates born to mothers without GDM during the same time period. The mean birth weight of neonates born to GDM mothers was 3.17 kg. Macrosomia was found among 1.2% neonates born to GDM mothers. There was no significant difference in Apgar scores at 5 minutes of birth in GDM and non-GDM groups. The rate of admissions to Neonatal Care Unit was significantly higher (32.1%) in neonates born to GDM mother as compared to non-GDM group. Incidence of neonatal complications like respiratory distress syndrome (4.2%) and hypoglycaemia (11%) was significantly higher in neonates born to GDM mothers. There was a significant increase noted in neonatal mortality (3.3%) in the GDM group. Conclusion: Numerous complications are reported among neonates born to mothers with GDM. Hence these mothers with GDM should be delivered in tertiary care centre or district hospitals where fully staffed and well equipped neonatal intensive care units are available for management of these complications.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116874413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on effect of maternal anaemia on anthropometric profile and haemoglobin of newborns","authors":"Dr. Bushra Nasreen","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.124","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: Anaemia is one of the major health problems among antenatal mothers. Most of the anaemias seen in pregnancy are largely preventable and easily treatable if detected on time. According to WHO, Haemoglobin level below 11gm/dl at any time during pregnancy is considered as anaemia. If the mothers are anaemic, the foetuses are at a risk of preterm deliveries, low birth weight, morbidity and perinatal mortality due to impairment of oxygen delivery to placenta and foetus. Methods: Data was collected from inborn neonates born to Anaemic and Non-anaemic mothers, selected by purposive sampling technique, within 48 hours of birth. Collected data was analysed using software SPSS v16. Results: Among 1016 neonates studied,it was found that 23.6% of newborns born to mother’s with hemoglobin < 11gm% had weight in the range 1300-1500 grams as compared to 0.19% in the control group (haemoglobin>11gm%). Length of the babies born to anaemic mothers (<11gm%) was found to be lower than the babies born to non-anaemic mothers, 68.50% as compared to 49.4 % in controls .Head circumference of babies born to anaemic mothers (<11gm%) was found to be in the lower range,45.86% as compared to 9.25% in controls. Babies born to mother’s with haemoglobin<11 gm%had cord hemoglobin in the range 14-15 gm/dl , 58.2 % as compared to 36.8 % in controls. Interpretation & Conclusion: Comparison of all anthropometric parameters born to neonates of Mothers with Anaemia and no anaemia was statistically significant. It was also found that the cord blood haemoglobin done in neonates born to anaemic mothers was lesser than in neonates born to non-anaemic mothers.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128111422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on clinical profile of paediatric patients with dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Mahesh Bhagavati, Basavanthappa Sp, Pooja","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.40","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue fever is a major public health problem especially in Indian subcontinent. It is a mosquito – borne arboviral infection which results in significant morbidity and mortality. The complications of dengue fever usually happen after the 5th day of illness which include fluid leak, bleeding, hepatitis, encephalopathy, ARDS. The studies on dengue in paediatric age group are scant in this part of the country. Cross sectional study was conducted on 250 pediatric cases presenting with fever for 2 to 7 days, presenting at OPD/IPD of pediatric department. This study had shown that, the age group was between 6 – 9 years, males sex, fever was the common sign, hepatomegaly was the common sign, leucopenia, reduced platelet count, NS1 positive, IgM and IgG positive, normal C3 count, positive Widal test abnormal USG abdomen, more than 5 days of hospitalization and mortality was present in 11.1% of the cases.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the relationship between breastfeeding duration and childhood obesity risk: A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Dr. M Aravind Kumar","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2c.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2c.201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood obesity has become a global public health issue, with a rising prevalence in recent years. Obesity during childhood is associated with various adverse health outcomes, including an increased risk of developing chronic diseases later in life. Objective: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to assess the relationship between breastfeeding duration and childhood obesity risk in a sample of 100 participants aged 5 to 10 years. Childhood obesity is a significant public health concern, and understanding the potential impact of breastfeeding on obesity risk is crucial for developing preventive strategies. Methods: Data were collected from a diverse group of children from various schools and pediatric clinics in the region. Participants' medical records and parental surveys provided information on breastfeeding duration and relevant factors. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on height and weight measurements, and participants were classified as obese or non-obese using age-specific BMI percentiles. Results: The study included 100 participants, with an average age of 7.3 years (± 1.2 SD). The mean duration of breastfeeding was 6.8 months (± 2.1 SD), ranging from 3 to 12 months. Based on BMI percentiles, 32 participants (32%) were classified as obese, and 68 participants (68%) were classified as non-obese. Children were categorized into two groups based on the median duration of breastfeeding. Group 1 included participants breastfed for 7 months or less (n=53), while Group 2 included those breastfed for more than 7 months (n=47). The prevalence of childhood obesity was significantly lower in Group 2 (17%) compared to Group 1 (47%) ( p <0.001, chi-square test), suggesting that longer breastfeeding duration was associated with a reduced risk of childhood obesity. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence supporting an inverse association between breastfeeding duration and childhood obesity risk. Children breastfed for longer durations demonstrated a significantly lower prevalence of obesity compared to those breastfed for shorter periods. Promoting and supporting breastfeeding may serve as a crucial preventive strategy to mitigate the risk of childhood obesity. However, further prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to establish causality and explore the underlying mechanisms. Understanding the impact of breastfeeding on childhood obesity is essential for devising effective interventions to address this growing public health concern.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123553118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study of the effectiveness of clinical RGA (Rathi Goodman Aghai) score in relation with PCR in the diagnosis of scrub typhus","authors":"Dr. I Bhaskar Naik, Dr. A Sailaja, Dr. T Anusha, Dr. Anjan Kumar, Dr. Padmini Priya, Dr. Sai Prasanna","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rickettsial diseases are emerging as an important cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Rickettsial infections are generally incapacitating and difficult to diagnose; untreated cases have case fatality rates as high as 30-45% with multiple organ dysfunction, if not promptly diagnosed and appropriately treated. Prompt antibiotic therapy, even based on suspicion, shortens the course of the disease and lowers the risk of complications and in turn reduces morbidity and mortality due to rickettsial diseases. Objectives: To study the clinical RGA score, in relation with PCR in the diagnosis of Scrub Typhus cases admitted in medical college hospital. Methodology: It is prospective observational study. The present study was conducted at the department of Paediatrics, SVRR Govt. General Hospital, Tirupati for a period of 1 year. A total of 99 cases in the age group of 1 month to 12 years were taken into the study by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: RGA scoring was done for every case and blood samples were drawn for IgM ELISA and PCR. There is higher incidence of scrub typhus in the age group of 1-5 years accounting to56.6%. Males outnumber females. Male: Female ratio is 1.6:1. Majority of the children are from rural area constituting 69.7% of the total cases. Majority of the cases had RGA score >14(73.7%). RGA score of >14 shows a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 83.3% when compared with the PCR. There was an increase in the sensitivity when the cut-off was lowered. RGA >9 showed a sensitivity of 97%. RGA score of >14 showed a sensitivity of 93.8% in those with both IgM ELISA and PCR positive. IgM ELISA shows a sensitivity of 73% when compared with PCR. Conclusion: Scrub typhus has become a leading infectious disease in India and an important cause of infectious fever. The proposed scoring system can be used for early detection, treatment and prevention of mortality and morbidity from spotted fever group.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123687351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of serum zinc levels in febrile seizures","authors":"Dr. Ananth Pai","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.134","url":null,"abstract":"Febrile seizures are the most common cause of convulsions in children. However, the exact underlying etiology and the pathophysiological mechanisms are yet to be established. Various theories have been put forward regarding the role of trace elements as predisposing factors in causing the convulsions. Among them, Zinc is the most interesting trace element whose role in diarrhea and pneumonia is well proven. Serum Zinc levels has been long associated with the febrile seizures. The main reason is still unknown for febrile seizures. In this prospective study, we evaluated zinc level in children with the first FS attack. Our findings can help clinicians with a fair idea of serum zinc levels about the use of zinc supplements for preventing the recurrence of febrile seizures via regulation of some neurological functions.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128371063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and infants outcomes in asthmatic pregnant women in Mosul","authors":"Montaha Hameed Saleem, Ashraf Kamel Abdul Rahman, Qusay Mohammad Sheet Oan","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.29","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma affects between 3% and 12% of pregnant women worldwide and the prevalence among pregnant women is rising, it’s often unrecognized and suboptimal treated. The course of asthma during pregnancy varies; it improves, remains stable, or worsens in similar proportion of women. The risk of an asthma exacerbation is high immediately postpartum, but the severity of asthma usually returns to the preconception level after delivery and often follows a similar course during subsequent pregnancies. Good control of asthma is essential for maternal and fetal wellbeing. Patients and Methods: A prospective cohort study was adopted to achieve the study aim. The study conducted from January 2003 through September 2003. Asthmatic and non-asthmatic pregnant women were randomly selected from the outpatient clinics, in patient clinics and emergency department of AlRazi Teaching Hospital in Mosul city, the data obtained including age, height and weight, parity and gravid, history with a clinical examination of respiratory system and history of maternal and fetal complications. These points were recorded in an especially designed collection form for all women examined after they were consent a form 102 asthmatics pregnant and 115 non-asthmatics pregnant were enrolled in the study; 92 and 93 of them respectively were followed to delivery by researcher and the assessment of maternal and fetal outcomes was done. Percentages, relative risk ratio, p-value and 95% confidence interval were calculated with SPSS version 18. Results: The age interval (25-34) represents 58.7% of the asthmatic pregnant. The first, second and third trimesters correspond to 6.2%, 32.6% and 60.8% of asthmatic pregnant respectively. Regarding the symptoms, the study shows that Dyspnoae is the most common symptoms among them follows by wheeze, cough and chest tightness and lastly expectoration with percentage of 65.2%. Moreover finds out that 59 (64.2%) had worsening of symptoms during the three trimesters of pregnancy, 28 (30.4%) had No change in the severity of asthma and remainder 5 (5.4%) of them show improvement. The adverse maternal outcomes; hyperemesis gravid arum (RR of 1.43), recurrent hospital admission (RR= 2.26) and the severity of asthma in pregnant women with boys (RR= 2.29) occurs with high significant association. Also the infant outcomes; that the wheezy chest, fetal death and congenital anomalies occur in high significant statistical association among the asthmatic pregnant group with RR (1.66, 1.72, and 1.66 respectively). Conclusion: Symptoms of asthmatic patients during the pregnancy are more severe than without pregnancy. The symptoms are more sever in third trimester, which are caused by mechanical factors and the severity of asthma is more in mothers bearing boys. More over some adverse maternal and infant outcomes were significant statistically associated with asthma.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115964840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal anemia and its impact on neonatal outcome: A retrospective study at a tertiary care teaching hospital","authors":"M. Wasiq, S. Kumari, Bichitrananda Raut, Mrutunjay Dash, Debasish Nanda, J. Mohanty","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.34","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal anemia is a very common problem in country like India. The prevalence of it is around 56%. As per WHO guidelines maternal anemia is defined as hemoglobin concentration","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123512183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of congenital heart disease on child growth","authors":"Deia K Khalaf, Yusra K Al-Rawi, L. Hadi","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.28","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children with congenital heart disease are prone to malnutrition and growth retardation. Aim: To compare growth status between children with CHD and healthy children. Materials and Methods: This case–control study included 40 children with congenital heart disease and 40 healthy children matched in age and gender. The age was from 3 months to 36 months. Congenital heart disease patients grouped according to cardiac diagnosis: Ventricular Septal defect, Atrial Septal Defect, Tetralogy of Falot, and Transposition of Greater Arteries. Anthropometric measurements of weight (Kilogram), height (Centimeter), and head circumference (centimeter) were measured and recorded for both case and control groups. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed using the by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Results: Weight, height and head circumference were significantly lower in congenital heart disease children compared to healthy children (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Children with congenital heart disease experience early, simultaneous decrease in growth trajectory across weight,","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134535737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study on feasibility, acceptability and outcome of kangaroo mother care in low birth weight babies","authors":"A. Sailaja, I. Naik, T. Naidu, Mounika, B. M. Manohar, Sivaramudu","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) continues as an important social health problem. About 20 million LBW babies are born each year worldwide. In India 8 million (40%) LBW babies are born each year. LBW preterm babies are associated with high neonatal/infant mortality and morbidity. Kangaroo Mother Care is an alternative approach for providing thermal care and improving survival of LBW infants which is effective and affordable. The present study was undertaken to study feasibility, acceptability and outcome of KMC in LBW babies. Aims and Objectives: To study feasibility, acceptability and outcome of KMC in LBW babies with an objective to determine the effect of kangaroo mother care on vital parameters like temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate and oxygen saturation; and to denote the establishment of breastfeeding and weight gain in LBW babies and their duration of hospital stay. Methodology: A hospital based prospective observational study conducted over a period of one year from September 2017 to August 2018, at SNCU, SVRRGGH, Tirupati. The study subjects are 210 babies. Results: In the present study, it was observed that there was a significant increase in axillary temperature, decrease in respiratory rate, decrease in heart rate and increase in oxygen saturation observed after KMC which were physiologically favorable. Higher proportion of neonates achieved transition from expressed breast milk consumption to direct breastfeeding during hospital stay. The study showed significant mean weight gain of 20.2 g/day during hospital KMC. Neonates were discharged early as they met our discharge criteria with mean age being 14.3 days. The maternal acceptance of KMC was good. All the mothers providing KMC were satisfied with the training and care. During follow up, it was observed that neonates were all exclusively breastfed; and the velocity of weight gain was satisfactory (153.6 g/week). The response of the family and/or the father was supportive and encouraging. Conclusion: The present study concluded that practice of KMC promotes breastfeeding, shorten hospital stay without compromising survival, growth and development; and would humanize the practice of neonatology. It is superior alternative to conventional method of care in institutions with limited resources. It is definitely feasible, acceptable to mothers at tertiary care hospital and can be continued at home in the Indian setup.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128693124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}