East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology最新文献_第4页

Effects of Climate Change on Poultry Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria 气候变化对尼日利亚埃邦伊州家禽生产的影响

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1248

J. Munonye, Kingley Agu, A. C. Esiegwu, G. D. Agou

{"title":"Effects of Climate Change on Poultry Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Munonye, Kingley Agu, A. C. Esiegwu, G. D. Agou","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1248","url":null,"abstract":"Three agricultural zones of Ebonyi State, Nigeria, were considered for this study. Using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) to establish the relationship between the variables and how one independent variable influences the dependent variables. The study aimed at examining the effects of climate change on poultry production. The study's primary objectives were to assess the socioeconomic characteristics of poultry farmers, ascertain the extent of climate awareness, determine the effect of climate change on poultry production, determine climate change adaptation strategies for coping with it, and identify the constraints encountered in poultry production. Four local government areas in the state of Ebonyi were the locations of data collection from September to October 2021. A multistage sampling procedure was used for the collection of respondents. The study found that 56.9% of the respondents were female, 42.2% were in their active age 30 to 40, 54.9% had a Bachelor’s degree, 64.7% had spent more than years of farming experience, and 29.4% were managers of their poultry production. Farm size had little effect on poultry production; climate change had an effect on feed consumption and has caused the spread of pests and diseases and the death of young ones. According to the study's findings, the respondents were in agreement that changing to intensive livestock management and collecting runoff water in ditches during periods of drought constituted adaptation to climate change. It was determined that climate change had an enormous and negative effect on poultry production through insect infestation and disease outbreak. Therefore, relevant Nigerian government agencies should offer financial assistance to poultry farmers along with adaptation training.","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"751 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117001271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Economic Suitability of Indoor Storage for White-Coloured Sweet Potatoes Roots Under Tanzania Conditions 坦桑尼亚条件下白色甘薯根室内贮藏的经济适宜性评价

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1238

Joseph Richard Kimako, V. Silayo, G. Mrema

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Selected Bio-insecticides on Tuta absoluta and Liriomyza trifolii on Tomato in Open Fields in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya 肯尼亚Tharaka Nithi县露天番茄番茄枯斑土虱和三叶枯斑Liriomyza trifolii的生物杀虫剂选择评价

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1240

Ngugi Ceciliah Njoki, Mbaka Jesca Njeri, Hellen W. Muthengi

{"title":"Evaluation of Selected Bio-insecticides on Tuta absoluta and Liriomyza trifolii on Tomato in Open Fields in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya","authors":"Ngugi Ceciliah Njoki, Mbaka Jesca Njeri, Hellen W. Muthengi","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1240","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment to determine the effect of Azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, Pyrethrin + Garlic extract, and Petroleum mineral oil in managing the tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) and serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii) was conducted for two seasons between December 2016 and November 2017 at Chuka, Tharaka-Nithi County. Tomato variety, Kilele F1, was planted in the field to evaluate the effect of selected commercial products on T. absoluta and L. trifolii. The product included Azadirachtin 0.03%, Pyrethrin + Garlic extract, Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki 5% w/w), and Petroleum mineral oil 98.8%. There were five treatments in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replicates. There was an application of sterile water in the control experiment. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the biocontrol products and the control. The Azadirachtin at 0.03% treatments had the least number of leaves damaged by T. absoluta (0.43; 1.67) in the control treatment (1.7; 5.27) in both seasons. In both seasons, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments in the number of leaflets damaged by L. trifolii. In season 1, the least damaged fruits per plant (1.33) were recorded in Azadirachtin at 0.03%, compared to the highest damage (5.0) in the untreated control. In the second season, the low fruit damage (0.67) was recorded in Petroleum mineral oil, and the highest (2.33) was in the untreated control. The study concluded that Azadirachtin 0.03%, Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki 5% w/w, and Petroleum mineral oil were efficacious in managing T. absoluta and L. trifolii and be integrated into the existing tomato pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"37 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132418960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Adoption of Mung Bean Variety in Ebinat District, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚Ebinat地区绿豆品种采用的决定因素

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1230

Getnet Tigabu

引用次数: 0

Organophosphate Pesticide Residues in Food Products in Kenya and their Chromatographic Detection: A Systematic Review 肯尼亚食品中有机磷农药残留及其色谱检测:系统综述

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1225

Micah Nyabiba Asamba, Miriam Wepukhulu

{"title":"Organophosphate Pesticide Residues in Food Products in Kenya and their Chromatographic Detection: A Systematic Review","authors":"Micah Nyabiba Asamba, Miriam Wepukhulu","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1225","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate pesticides are used worldwide to control several pests and meet food demand. These chemicals harm non-target animals and people when misused. Thus, they are a health and environmental concern. The purpose of the systematic review was to synthesise the amount, breadth, and quality of evidence from empirical studies concerning the presence, type, and quantity of OPs in food products in Kenya. A systematic review was done by following the PRISMA protocol. For the identification of studies, the following databases were used: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The study focused on peer-reviewed articles published between January 2001 and August 2022. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria for the scoping review. The main methods used in detecting and quantifying organophosphates in the studies were High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Most studies (86.67%) reported significant levels of OPs in food products, exceeding the MRLs and the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADIs) set by the World Health Organization. Six of the studies (50%) reported the presence of OPs in plant products (vegetables, cereals, and fruits), while three (25%) found residues in animal products (milk and meat). The most notable OP compounds detected were chlorpyrifos, acephate, profenofos, diazinon, omethoate, and dimethoate. Most of the food samples in the reviewed studies presented contamination, making them a significant risk to human health due to bioaccumulation. Studies done in Kenya for the last 20 years continue to report high levels of organophosphate residues and their metabolites in food products, both from plant and animal origin. Although the residues are below MLRs in some samples, they can accumulate at higher levels in humans, becoming a severe health risk","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126371576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entomophagus Response of Indigenous Chicken to Diets Enriched with German Cockroach (Blattela germanica) Meal in Kenya 肯尼亚地方鸡对添加德国小蠊饲料的食虫反应

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1221

V. M. Ngaira, C. Wambui, R. Mosi, Francis Obuong Wayua, A. Wachira, E. Ilatsia

{"title":"Entomophagus Response of Indigenous Chicken to Diets Enriched with German Cockroach (Blattela germanica) Meal in Kenya","authors":"V. M. Ngaira, C. Wambui, R. Mosi, Francis Obuong Wayua, A. Wachira, E. Ilatsia","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1221","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding accounts for 65-70% of cost production in a chicken enterprise. Fishmeal has primarily been used as a source of protein in chicken feed owing to its excellent nutritional value. However, due to its unstable supply and variation in quality, recent studies have focused on finding alternative protein feedstuff, such as edible insects. A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of substituting fishmeal (FM) with Blattela germanica meal (BGM) on the growth of chicks. Seventy-two KALRO improved indigenous chickens (KC), at the grower stage, eight weeks old, comprising an equal number of males and females were used as sampling units in a completely randomized design (CRD) feeding trial. Each of the four treatments was replicated three times. Birds were fed on dietary treatments that were isocaloric and isonitrogenous and comprised - treatments TA (87.5 %FM, 12.5% BGM), TB (62.5 % FM, 37.5 % BGM), and TC (50% FM, 50% BGM) TD (100 %FM, 0% FM)-Control. Data on daily feed intake and weekly live weight was taken for eight weeks and used to calculate the Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG). Data were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The feed intake, average daily gain, final weight gain, and feed conversion ratio was not significantly different from the control (P> 0.05). Thus, indigenous chicken fed diet with BGM and fishmeal performed similarly. As such, farmers should be encouraged to incorporate cockroaches as their on-farm feed to reduce the feed cost and increase chicken productivity","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129700261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogs Owners’ Perception on the Use of Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens L (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larvae as an Alternative Source of Protein in Dog Food in Kenya 肯尼亚犬主对使用黑兵蝇(双翅目:层蝇科)幼虫作为狗粮中蛋白质替代来源的看法

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1180

Susan Ngalo, A. Mukhebi, K. Otieno

引用次数: 0

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Yellow Meal Worm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor) on Performance of Broiler Chicken 饲粮中添加黄粉虫幼虫对肉鸡生产性能的影响

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1158

Tariro A. Terera, Rueben O. Mosi, C. Gachuiri

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Yellow Meal Worm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor) on Performance of Broiler Chicken","authors":"Tariro A. Terera, Rueben O. Mosi, C. Gachuiri","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1158","url":null,"abstract":"Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) can sustainably increase productivity, improve resilience, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from agricultural systems. The current study aimed to establish the existing knowledge, attitude, and practice of CSA among smallholder farmers in the Isingiro District. An exploratory survey was conducted to collect data from 126 farmers randomly selected from three Sub counties. Key informant interviews were conducted with three extension workers for more information. Data was analysed using Stata 14 to generate summary tables and the Chi-square test of independence. The results revealed a high level of knowledge about CSA among the farmers, with intercropping and crop rotation as the most popular (99%) whereas rainwater harvesting was least known (71.4%). Farmers’ knowledge about CSA was significantly related to different sources of information and knowledge (P<0.05). Farmers showed a positive attitude towards the use of CSA practices except for inorganic fertilisers with 45%. The dominantly used CSA practices were Intercropping (85.7%), mulching (75.4%) and the use of contour bunds (74.6%). Several limitations that hindered the adoption of CSA practices included limited finances, extension services, availability of CSA inputs, high prices of CSA inputs, price fluctuations and land scarcity, among others. The farmers’ awareness, attitude and practice of CSA were mainly shaped by their local knowledge with limited influence of technical knowledge. Furthermore, the practice of CSA among smallholder farmers is hampered by many limitations. Therefore, there is a need for policymakers to prioritise and enact pro-CSA-relevant policies that address the barriers hampering its adoption","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"698 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115118362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, Attitude and the Practice of Climate-Smart Agriculture among Smallholder Farmers in Isingiro District, South Western Uganda 乌干达西南部伊辛吉罗地区小农对气候智能型农业的知识、态度和实践

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1154

C. Aturihaihi, W. Tumwesigye, F. Opio, G. Beyihayo

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and the Practice of Climate-Smart Agriculture among Smallholder Farmers in Isingiro District, South Western Uganda","authors":"C. Aturihaihi, W. Tumwesigye, F. Opio, G. Beyihayo","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1154","url":null,"abstract":"Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) can sustainably increase productivity, improve resilience, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from agricultural systems. The current study aimed to establish the existing knowledge, attitude, and practice of CSA among smallholder farmers in the Isingiro District. An exploratory survey was conducted to collect data from 126 farmers randomly selected from three Sub counties. Key informant interviews were conducted with three extension workers for more information. Data was analysed using Stata 14 to generate summary tables and the Chi-square test of independence. The results revealed a high level of knowledge about CSA among the farmers, with intercropping and crop rotation as the most popular (99%) whereas rainwater harvesting was least known (71.4%). Farmers’ knowledge about CSA was significantly related to different sources of information and knowledge (P<0.05). Farmers showed a positive attitude towards the use of CSA practices except for inorganic fertilisers with 45%. The dominantly used CSA practices were Intercropping (85.7%), mulching (75.4%) and the use of contour bunds (74.6%). Several limitations that hindered the adoption of CSA practices included limited finances, extension services, availability of CSA inputs, high prices of CSA inputs, price fluctuations and land scarcity, among others. The farmers’ awareness, attitude and practice of CSA were mainly shaped by their local knowledge with limited influence of technical knowledge. Furthermore, the practice of CSA among smallholder farmers is hampered by many limitations. Therefore, there is a need for policymakers to prioritise and enact pro-CSA-relevant policies that address the barriers hampering its adoption","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"3 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132432744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors influencing Community Participation in Planning and Implementing Agricultural Development Projects: A Case of the Matongoro Cattle auction project in Kongwa district, Tanzania 影响社区参与规划和实施农业发展项目的因素:以坦桑尼亚Kongwa地区Matongoro牛拍卖项目为例

East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.37284/eajab.6.1.1132

Geofrey Kamugisha Fredrick, Athman Ahmad

{"title":"Factors influencing Community Participation in Planning and Implementing Agricultural Development Projects: A Case of the Matongoro Cattle auction project in Kongwa district, Tanzania","authors":"Geofrey Kamugisha Fredrick, Athman Ahmad","doi":"10.37284/eajab.6.1.1132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.6.1.1132","url":null,"abstract":"In Tanzania, different community development projects in various sectors including the agriculture sector have been formulated and implemented following a bottom-up approach. However, in many cases, the impact of such projects has not been significant due to various reasons including poor participation of the targeted population in the process. This study intended to investigate the factors influencing community participation and its levels using the case of the Matongoro cattle auction project. Data were collected from a sample of 150 respondents using respondent questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics, which generated percentages and frequencies and a binary logistic regression model were used for data analysis. Study findings show that the dominant narrative on the bottom- approach to enhancing participation; nearly 90% of respondents indicated a low level of participation. The critical factors which were found to significantly influence community participation projects at p>0.05 were income level, number of cattle owned, age, awareness, experience, and sex. The study recommends that the government should design ways to increase local community participation throughout conceptualisation, formulation, and implementation to ensure the success and sustainability of these agricultural projects.","PeriodicalId":144021,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126702482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0