Chemical Biology & Drug Design最新文献

{"title":"Design, Synthesis of Pyridine Based Thiazolidine Derivatives and Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity Targeting Ergosterol Biosynthesis via In Vitro and In Silico Approaches","authors":"Aybüke Züleyha Kaya,&nbsp;Asaf Evrim Evren,&nbsp;Ülküye Dudu Gül,&nbsp;Halide Edip Temel,&nbsp;Leyla Yurttaş","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70356","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pyridine and thiazolidine ring systems are unique heterocyclic rings since they are present in the structure of various drug/drug-like molecules and reported in many studies for their distinct biological effects. It is of interest to pharmaceutical chemists because of their chemotherapeutic effect profiles such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer; briefly, their cytotoxic effects are very interesting. Because of these cytotoxic activities, in this project, we synthesized chalcone derivatives from the 5^th position of the thiazolidin-4-one and its linking pyridine by the hydrazone bridge. The antibacterial activities of the resulted compounds on different gram (+) and (−) bacteria and their antifungal activities tested against several invasive fungi. Due to significant fungistatic activity, the inhibitory activity on lanosterol demethylase (LDM, 5TZ1, CYP51A1) and aromatase (3EQM, CYP19A1) enzymes was evaluated, and in silico approaches were used to clarify and explain the binding modes, and then the structure activity relationship (SAR) was reported. Results of the study indicated that designed molecules were successfully obtained with important antifungal activity, and the mechanism of action was clarified.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Recent Cutting-Edge Designing Strategies for Mtb-DHFR Inhibitors as Antitubercular Agents”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70357","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70357","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sonawane, N. G., Thakur, A., Pillai, A. K. S., Sharma, A., Gunjal, A. P., &amp; Sharma, K. (2024). “Recent Cutting-Edge Designing Strategies for Mtb-DHFR Inhibitors as Antitubercular Agents.” <i>Chemical Biology &amp; Drug Design</i> 104, no. 6: e70027.</p><p>The affiliation of the authors Nitin Govind Sonawane, Amrita Thakur, Anil Kumar Sasidharan Pillai, and Amol Pandurang Gunjal was incorrect and has been corrected to Department of Physical Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru Campus, India.</p><p>The online version of this article has been corrected accordingly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148414184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing Cinnamamides and Benzamides as Anthelmintics: Discovery of Potent Drug-Like Agents Against Angiostrongylus cantonensis","authors":"Bruna L. Lemes,&nbsp;Mariana A. Siegl-Breno,&nbsp;Marina T. Varela,&nbsp;Flavia B. Lopes,&nbsp;Mikaelly K. Silva-Nunes,&nbsp;Thaiane D. Santos,&nbsp;Lucas Fukui-Silva,&nbsp;Daniel B. Roquini,&nbsp;Vinicius G. Maltarollo,&nbsp;Josué de Moraes,&nbsp;João Paulo S. Fernandes","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emergent helminthiases are increasingly impacting global health in both humans and animals, especially given the limited efficacy of existing drugs against these infections. Neuroangiostrongyliasis, an eosinophilic meningitis caused by <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis</i>, currently lacks effective treatment, highlighting the need for novel anthelmintics. We previously identified cinnamoyl-benzylpiperazine, a simplified analogue of cinnarizine, as an effective anthelmintic agent against first (L1) and third-stage (L3) larvae of <i>A. cantonensis</i> in vitro. In the present work, structural modifications on the active prototype cinnamoyl-benzylpiperazine were performed, prioritizing the improvement of solubility and the provision of balanced physicochemical properties compatible with blood–brain barrier permeability, alongside anthelmintic activity. A set of 31 compounds divided into two series (I—cinnamoyl and II—benzoyl) was synthesized and tested against L1 and L3 larvae, yielding EC₅₀ values ranging from 4.1 to 27.6 μM. SAR analyses revealed that the activity of set I is strongly associated with balanced electronic density in both the cinnamamide and amine regions (described by ionization potential descriptors), whereas modifications in the charge distribution of the molecules (indicated by topological charge descriptors) appear to determine the anthelmintic activity of set II. None of the compounds displayed significant toxicity to HaCaT mammalian cells (up to 200 μM) or <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> worms (up to 1000 μM), denoting specific activity against <i>A. cantonensis</i>. The balanced polarity of compound <b>4a-I</b> (EC₅₀ L1 4.7 μM; L3 10.2 μM) and the localized charge density provided by the methoxy group in compounds <b>1c-II</b> (EC₅₀ L1 5.5 μM; L3 10.9 μM) and <b>5c-II</b> (EC₅₀ L1 4.9 μM; L3 11.9 μM) seem important for interacting with the putative target in the helminth. Collectively, the substituents in these molecules provided improved drug-likeness over the previous set of compounds, and represent noteworthy derivatives for further investigation against <i>A. cantonensis</i> in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Exposure and Peripheral Artery Disease: Mendelian Randomization and Integrative Multi-Omics Systems Toxicology With Machine Learning","authors":"Xi Lan,&nbsp;Qiang Wu,&nbsp;Jun Zhou,&nbsp;Jiajie Jiang,&nbsp;Guixin Yang,&nbsp;Heng Yang,&nbsp;Yanyu Chen,&nbsp;Jinhao Zeng,&nbsp;Caili Han,&nbsp;Jiaming Yang","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70352","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epidemiological and experimental studies have linked legacy and emerging PFAS to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, yet most evidence remains observational and is susceptible to confounding, measurement error, and reverse causation. This study used European-ancestry GWAS data and two-sample Mendelian randomization to assess potential causal associations between PFOA or PFOS exposure and five cardiovascular diseases. For significant MR findings, network toxicology was integrated with transcriptomic data to identify candidate targets and pathways, followed by machine learning-based prioritization. Immune cell infiltration, single-cell transcriptomic analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation were further applied to explore immune mechanisms and pollutant–protein interactions. Genetically predicted PFOS exposure was associated with an increased risk of peripheral artery disease. Enrichment analysis implicated PPAR and PI3K–Akt signaling pathways, while machine learning based on 129 overlapping genes identified HMOX1, KDR, MMP9, and PPARG as key targets. Immune infiltration and single-cell analyses indicated remodeling of the PAD immune microenvironment, with HMOX1 mainly enriched in macrophages. Virtual knockout highlighted APC-related MHC II antigen presentation, and docking and dynamics simulations supported stable PFOS–HMOX1 binding. These findings suggest a potential PFOS–PAD association and provide candidate biomarkers for further validation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Drug Repositioning Identifies SYK Kinase Inhibitors as Potential Neuroprotective Agents for Ataxia–Telangiectasia","authors":"Alessia Romano,&nbsp;Rocco Buccheri,&nbsp;Chiara Zagni,&nbsp;Antonio Rescifina","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70354","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ataxia–Telangiectasia (AT) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant overexpression of the adaptor protein TYROBP promotes sustained recruitment and activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), contributing to pathogenic inflammatory signaling in AT. In this study, we applied a drug repositioning strategy to identify clinically approved compounds that inhibit SYK activity. An integrated <i>in silico</i> workflow was employed, combining convolutional neural network (CNN)–based molecular docking with network medicine analysis using the SAveRUNNER platform to screen a library of 2342 FDA-approved drugs. The top-ranked candidates were further evaluated using long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations and post-simulation redocking to assess their binding stability and conformational persistence within the SYK catalytic pocket under explicit solvent conditions. This multilevel computational analysis identified vemurafenib and palbociclib as the most promising SYK inhibitors, both exhibiting sustained binding affinity and stable intermolecular interactions following protein relaxation. These findings support the feasibility of repurposing FDA-approved drugs to modulate SYK-driven neuroinflammatory pathways and provide a mechanistic framework for developing novel neuroprotective interventions for AT.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Peptide Analogs From Fish Venom With Potential Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity","authors":"Roberto de la Salud Bea,&nbsp;Qian Shen,&nbsp;Elaine Frawley,&nbsp;Amie A. Brint,&nbsp;Samir V. Jenkins,&nbsp;Ruud P. M. Dings,&nbsp;Chinmayi Alli,&nbsp;Peace Abhieyighan","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70351","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grammistin Pp2a is a 13 amino acid peptide found in the venom of the fish <i>Pogonoperca punctata</i>. In this work, the wild type and 13 analogs of this peptide have been synthesized. A myristic acid chain has been added to the N-terminus of 7 peptide analogs. All peptides were tested for antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and hemolytic activities. Results show that most of the analogs have lower hemolytic activity than the natural peptide and the addition of myristic acid reduces its toxicity, except for the peptide with the highest net positive charge, MPp2a-O2K, which has a similar hemolytic activity as the natural peptide. The addition of the fatty chain also reduces solubility in aqueous media. Peptides with the most antifungal activity were Pp2A-EK and MPp2a-EK, both of which with a net negative charge, and Pp2a-NF, which had a truncated N-terminus with no fatty chain attached. Peptides with myristic acid chains showed significantly greater anticancer activity than those without modifications. However, the addition of free myristic acid into these peptide solutions did not improve their anti-cancer properties. Overall, this research contributes to the discovery and development of novel Grammistin Pp2a therapeutics with antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148325028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel 2-Phenyl-1H-Pyrrole Derivatives as Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Inhibitors to Treat Hair Loss","authors":"Xingyu Wu,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Yilei Huang,&nbsp;Bo Han,&nbsp;Misi Li,&nbsp;Qingwei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) play the primary role in the regulation of the hair growth cycle. Premature termination of the anagen phase accelerates the transition of hair follicles into the catagen and telogen phases, leading to hair loss. Inhibiting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), which prevents pyruvate from entering mitochondria, enhances lactate synthesis. This activates HFSCs and initiates a new hair growth cycle. To develop safer and more effective MPC inhibitors, we designed and synthesized a series of 2-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrrole derivatives based on UK5099 and JXL066 by scaffold hopping and structural optimization strategies. In vitro lactate release assay identified 14 compounds that exhibited superior biological activity compared to UK5099, with <b>5a</b> being the most potent compound. The ADMET predictions suggested that <b>5a</b> possesses low toxicity and moderate skin permeability, supporting its suitability for topical dermal formulations. Further evaluation demonstrated <b>5a</b> had good stability in topical formulation and low skin irritation in repeated acute irritation tests. Hair regrowth experiments in C57BL/6J mice showed that <b>5a</b> significantly promoted hair regrowth and accelerated the transition from telogen to anagen, accompanied by increased hair follicle density. These findings validate MPC as a promising target and highlight <b>5a</b> as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of hair loss.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"107 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148304406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and In Silico Evaluation of Novel Methoxyphenol–1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids as Multifunctional Anti-Alzheimer's and Anticancer Agents","authors":"Sultan Onur,&nbsp;Mustafa Çeşme,&nbsp;Ferhan Tümer","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70343","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cbdd.70343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of multifunctional small molecules capable of simultaneously modulating multiple pathological pathways represents a rational strategy in medicinal chemistry for complex disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer. Herein, a novel series of methoxyphenol-based 1,2,3-triazole hybrids (<b>5a–h</b>) was designed and synthesized via Cu(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). All derivatives were fully characterized by FT-IR, ¹H/¹³C NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Biological evaluation encompassed in vitro antioxidant screening (DPPH•, ABTS•⁺, and CUPRAC), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition (modified Ellman method), and antiproliferative activity against the PC3 prostate cancer cell line using HDF-1 healthy fibroblasts as a selectivity control. Compound <b>5c</b> proved the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 1.44 ± 0.33 μM; SI = 16.77), while <b>5h</b> exhibited preferential BuChE inhibition (IC₅₀ = 11.40 ± 1.25 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies confirmed a mixed-type inhibition mechanism for both lead compounds, suggesting dual-site engagement within the cholinesterase gorge. In the antiproliferative assay, <b>5e</b> and <b>5c</b> surpassed the reference drug methotrexate (IC₅₀ = 4.42 ± 0.15 μM) with IC₅₀ values of 3.57 ± 0.11 μM and 3.89 ± 0.20 μM, respectively, alongside favorable selectivity over healthy fibroblasts. In silico ADMET profiling confirmed drug-likeness for all derivatives, and DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level provided electronic rationale for observed reactivity trends. Molecular docking against human AChE (PDB: 4EY7) and BuChE (PDB: 4BDS) rationalized key stabilizing interactions including π–π stacking with Trp86/Trp286 and hydrogen bonding with active-site residues. Collectively, these findings identify the methoxyphenol–triazole scaffold as a promising lead platform warranting further optimization for multitarget therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative and oncological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"107 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148304260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Drug Discovery via High-Throughput Screening of Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway Enzymes: Strategies and Prospects for Combating Resistance","authors":"Yaqing Zhou,&nbsp;Yuhan Hu,&nbsp;MingZhi Teng,&nbsp;Rui Xia,&nbsp;Jili Wang,&nbsp;Yarui Cheng,&nbsp;Wenhai Wu","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70342","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibiotic resistance and herbicide resistance have emerged as global threats, urgently necessitating the development of agents with novel modes of action and new targets. The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway is widely present in bacteria, plants, and apicomplexan parasites, yet absent in mammals. The metabolic products of this pathway are essential for cellular growth and metabolism. Consequently, the key enzymes therein serve as potential targets for developing new antimicrobials and herbicides. Establishing reliable high-throughput screening (HTS) strategies for enzyme inhibitors is crucial for the rapid discovery of lead compounds, elucidating the interaction mechanisms between inhibitors and target enzymes, and facilitating structure-based rational drug design. This review systematically summarizes HTS strategies and representative inhibitors for the seven key enzymes in the MEP pathway, based on their biocatalytic reaction principles. The advantages and limitations of various screening methods are analyzed and compared, aiming to provide insights for the development of novel and potent drugs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"107 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel N-Acyl Sulfonohydrazides Derived From β-Hydroxy Esters: Anticancer, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities","authors":"Belma Hasdemir,&nbsp;Tülay Yıldız,&nbsp;Hasniye Yaşa,&nbsp;Hatice Başpınar Küçük,&nbsp;Emel Mataracı Kara,&nbsp;Sümbül Yıldırım,&nbsp;Fatih Kocabaş,&nbsp;Ziya Can","doi":"10.1111/cbdd.70344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.70344","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a series of novel <i>N</i>-acyl sulfonohydrazides <b>6a–r</b> derived from β-hydroxy esters was synthesized, and their structures were confirmed through spectroscopic characterization, including FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS analyses. The anticancer properties of the synthesized compounds were investigated, along with a complementary study evaluating their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The cytotoxicity screening against HCT116 and PANC1 cancer cell lines revealed generally low antiproliferative effects; however, compounds <b>6c</b> and <b>6e</b> demonstrated relatively higher pro-apoptotic potential in HCT116 cells compared to the other compounds. In assays evaluating antioxidant capacity, utilizing both CUPRAC and DPPH methods, all synthesized compounds exhibited activity ranging from moderate to good. Notably, compound <b>6l</b> demonstrated the strongest antioxidant performance with TEAC = 1.34 and IC₅₀ = 0.084 ± 0.003 mmol L⁻¹. Furthermore, among the tested compounds, <b>6a</b>, <b>6b</b>, and <b>6d</b> displayed good antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 19.53 μg/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":143,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Biology & Drug Design","volume":"107 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cbdd.70344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}