{"title":"Beyond Liability: Legal Issues of Human-Machine Interaction for Automated Vehicles","authors":"Michael Inners, A. Kun","doi":"10.1145/3122986.3123005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122986.3123005","url":null,"abstract":"Many automated vehicles are already on our roads, and we can expect that many more will follow soon. Yet, the legal frameworks that govern the deployment and operation of these vehicles are still under development. This paper explores legal issues related to the human-machine interaction for automated vehicles. The paper reviews the current legal landscape, with a focus on the United States, and presents some of the issues that will be of interest to researchers, developers, and regulators as the new legal frameworks take shape.","PeriodicalId":143620,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126689130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coleman Merenda, Hyungil Kim, Joseph L. Gabbard, Samantha Leong, D. Large, G. Burnett
{"title":"Did You See Me?: Assessing Perceptual vs. Real Driving Gains Across Multi-Modal Pedestrian Alert Systems","authors":"Coleman Merenda, Hyungil Kim, Joseph L. Gabbard, Samantha Leong, D. Large, G. Burnett","doi":"10.1145/3122986.3123013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122986.3123013","url":null,"abstract":"In-vehicle support systems have the potential to reduce the risk of pedestrian collisions and promote gains in braking performance and visual attention when scanning for threats on the road. This study investigated changes in driver behavior in pedestrian collision scenarios with increasing urgency while using varying levels of pedestrian alert system (PAS) support in a medium fidelity driving simulator. During pedestrian collision scenarios, we assessed drivers' eye gaze behavior, braking performance, and acceptance ratings across three levels of PAS and four levels of increasing urgency, defined as time to collision (TTC). Results suggest that both audio- and visually-based PAS do not produce gains in the localization of pedestrians, but can nevertheless improve drivers' braking performance in events where pedestrians may pose a threat. Our results further suggest that drivers exhibit both innate and direct confidence in visually-based PAS support, despite no concurrent gains in visual scanning performance.","PeriodicalId":143620,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133666491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hillary Abraham, B. Seppelt, Bruce Mehler, B. Reimer
{"title":"What's in a Name: Vehicle Technology Branding & Consumer Expectations for Automation","authors":"Hillary Abraham, B. Seppelt, Bruce Mehler, B. Reimer","doi":"10.1145/3122986.3123018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122986.3123018","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle technology naming has the potential to influence drivers' expectations (mental model) of the level of autonomous operation supported by semi-automated technologies that are rapidly becoming available in new vehicles. If divergence exists between expectations and actual design specifications, it may make it harder to develop trust or clear expectations of systems, thus mitigating potential benefits. Alternately, over-trust and misuse due to misunderstanding increase the potential for adverse events. An online survey investigated whether and how names of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automation features relate to expected automation levels. Systems with \"Cruise\" in their names were associated with lower levels of automation. \"Assist\" systems appeared to create confusion between whether the driver is assisting the system or vice versa. Survey findings indicate the importance of vehicle technology naming and its impact in influencing drivers' expectations of responsibility between the driver and system in who performs individual driving functions.","PeriodicalId":143620,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128221501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Did I Sniff?: Mapping Scents Onto Driving-Related Messages","authors":"D. Dmitrenko, E. Maggioni, C. Vi, Marianna Obrist","doi":"10.1145/3122986.3122998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122986.3122998","url":null,"abstract":"The sense of smell is well known to provide very vivid experiences and to mediate a strong activation of crossmodal semantic representations. Despite a growing number of olfactory HCI prototypes, there have been only a few attempts to study the sense of smell as an interaction modality. Here, we focus on the exploration of olfaction for in-car interaction design by establishing a mapping between three different driving-related messages (\"Slow down\", \"Fill gas\", \"Passing by a point of interest\") and four scents (lemon, lavender, peppermint, rose). The results of our first study demonstrate strong associations between, for instance, the \"Slow down\" message and the scent of lemon, the \"Fill gas\" message and the scent of peppermint, the \"Passing by a point of interest\" message and the scent of rose. These findings have been confirmed in our second study, where participants expressed their mapping preferences while performing a simulated driving task.","PeriodicalId":143620,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121298457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","authors":"A. Dey, A. Schmidt, Susanne CJ Boll, A. Kun","doi":"10.1145/3122986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3122986","url":null,"abstract":"The idea to hold a conference on human-computer interaction issues related to cars emerged some years back, and culminated in the inaugural conference being held last year. Ubiquitous computing is becoming reality and researchers from computer science and human-computer interaction are moving into new domains. Vehicles and, in particular, cars present an exciting domain that offers many challenging research questions and at the same time new solutions can have a real impact on people's lives. As over the last few years many research projects on vehicle interaction have started and many PhD students now work on this topic, it is definitely time for a forum for this emerging community. \u0000 \u0000It is with great pleasure that we present the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AUTO-UI-10, http://auto-ui.org). This builds on the success of the inaugural conference held last year at the University of Duisburg-Essen. This conference addresses human-computer interaction in the context of cars, including new interaction devices and metaphor use, methods and tools appropriate for this domain, and ethnographic work as well as studies that improve our understanding of interaction while operating a vehicle. New applications, as a catalyst for many new forms of interaction in the car, are a further part of the conference proceedings. This year, AUTO-UI-10 is being held at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Major sponsorship is being provided by Carnegie Mellon University and the conference is in cooperation with the ACM, with its proceedings to be archived in ACM's Digital Library. \u0000 \u0000Advances in technology have transformed cars into complex interactive systems. Drivers interact with a variety of controls and applications to operate a vehicle. Besides mastering the primary driving task, drivers make use of entertainment, information and communication systems in the car. Technical systems in modern cars support communication, sensing and consuming media. With these novel technologies, many opportunities arise for creating attractive in-car user interfaces. Nevertheless the challenge of creating such interfaces in a compelling and safe to use manner has grown ever greater. Especially in the automotive context, users expect interfaces that are intuitive and straightforward to use, without having to read a manual. The overall experience of driving a car is more and more influenced by the man-machine interface, and hence creating attractive user interfaces is of great importance for a successful product. Traditional means for user interface development taken from desktop computing are often not suitable, as many other conditions have an influence on the design space for automotive user interfaces. In comparison to many other domains, trial and error while the product is already in the market is not acceptable as the cost of failure may be fatal. User interface d","PeriodicalId":143620,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121840841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}