NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES最新文献

Investigating Nigeria Local Clay for its Marsh Funnel Viscosity and Gel Strength: A Study of Irhodo Bentonite 研究尼日利亚当地粘土的沼泽漏斗粘度和凝胶强度:伊尔霍多膨润土的研究

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.46912/napas.93

Festus O. Otitigbe

{"title":"Investigating Nigeria Local Clay for its Marsh Funnel Viscosity and Gel Strength: A Study of Irhodo Bentonite","authors":"Festus O. Otitigbe","doi":"10.46912/napas.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.93","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the daily increasing demand for crude oil fuel for its various capacities of energy production and utilizations, a twin respond of exploration for more hydrocarbon reserves and drilling activities was accompanied. As a result, rate and cost of importing drilling clay (Wyoming Bentonite), a major raw material in drilling mud becomes so high that hundreds of millions of dollar is incurred on company budget (Arinkoola, et al., 2020). Thus, the Federal Government of the federal republic of Nigeria, on sensing the benefits of local content development, then clamour for its use as drilling mud. This therefore becomes the bed-rock which this paper is belt on to investigate local clay for some its properties, like viscosity-gel strength. This paper also reviews the formulation of an equivalent one barrel of a laboratory drilling mud using Irhodo bentonite. This paper report two methods and devices used to determine viscosities; the marsh funnel viscosity method using Marsh Funnel and Fann Viscosity-Gel method using the Rheometer. The result of the experiment for the determination of viscosity using marsh funnel apparatus, for both local and bentonite drilling mud, and show 27.12 and 37.17sec/qt (seconds per quart). And when additives, CMC and guar-gum were added, 27.23sec/qt, 29.47sec/qt and 23.19sec/qt and 29.47sec/qt respectively obtained.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131433223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survey of insects and Mites Associated with Stored Rice in Nigeria 尼日利亚储藏大米相关虫螨调查

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.46912/napas.242

IB Ezeobiora, K. Kemabonta, W. Makanjuola

{"title":"Survey of insects and Mites Associated with Stored Rice in Nigeria","authors":"IB Ezeobiora, K. Kemabonta, W. Makanjuola","doi":"10.46912/napas.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.242","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pest infestation causes quantitative or qualitative losses in stored Rice. Proper identification of the insect species infesting stored Rice is critical for making pest management decisions. This study assesses the species composition and abundance of insect pests of stored Rice in Nigeria. Imported and Local Rice samples each weighing one kilogram were obtained every 6 months from three randomly selected vendors in randomly selected markets in 14 towns in 14 states in Nigeria. 50g were weighed from each sample and kept in vials, covered, strapped with rubber band and kept in the laboratory. The Rice samples were sieved to collect all adult insects present after Six months in storage. Sampling lasted for two years (2016-2017). There were 11 species of insect pests and one Mite species in the stored Imported and Local Rice samples. Most of the species were from the order Coleoptera with the percentage occurrence of 80.9% in Imported Rice and 82% in Local Rice. The insect species composition includes Sitophilus oryzae, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Sitophilus zeamais, Psocids, Sitotroga cerealella, Ahasverus advena, Tribolium castaneum Oryzeaphilus surinamensis, Oryzaephilus mercator and Rhyzopertha dominica. The Psocid and mite species could not be identified. Sitophilus oryzae was the main insect pest of Rice with the percentage occurrence of 39.23% in Imported Rice and 26.87% in Local Rice. The outcome of this study is very important in planning control measures as the knowledge of the species composition and abundance of insect pests is an important component of pest management in stored Rice in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"34 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125719930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flood Disaster and the Vulnerability of Households to Crime in Urban Areas in Nigeria 洪水灾害和尼日利亚城市地区家庭对犯罪的脆弱性

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.46912/napas.95

SO Onah, T. Shabu, Emmily Adaaku

{"title":"Flood Disaster and the Vulnerability of Households to Crime in Urban Areas in Nigeria","authors":"SO Onah, T. Shabu, Emmily Adaaku","doi":"10.46912/napas.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.95","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores whether natural disasters, especially flooding, would lead to a rise in violent and property crime rates, and the implications that these crimes could have on the victims. A total of 100 victims of flood induced crime in flood prone areas were selected using purposive sampling technique. The data collected using questionnaire, and records from security agency comprised of socio-economic characteristics of affected households, violent and property crime rate rise, and implications of flood induced crime as perceived by affected communities. Also reported cases of crime in affected areas were collected from Police divisional headquarters and State Police Command of flood affected areas. Data collected were analysed using percentages, frequency count. Likert scale method was used to measure increase in crime during the flood incidence in the affected areas. Using a ‘before, during and after’ approach, the study revealed that flood disaster increased the vulnerability level of households to crime and at the same time crime increased during flood disaster and decreased significantly after the disaster in urban areas in Nigeria. Also, the implication of flood induced crime include anxiety and depression (ADI=2.73), Social dysfunction (SDI=2.36) and loss of confidence (LCI=2.72). Therefore, there is need for disaster prone areas and disaster management agents in the country to incorporate security measures in disaster preparedness, coping and recovery strategies in order to minimize security challenges ensuing from natural disaster in the country during flooding","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132488825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ordinal regression Assessment of orange Postharvest loss determinants among Orange Farmers in Konshisha Local Government Area of Benue State 贝努埃州Konshisha地方政府区橙农采后损失决定因素的有序回归评估

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.46912/napas.243

MY Dooga, P. Agada, I. Ogwuche

{"title":"Ordinal regression Assessment of orange Postharvest loss determinants among Orange Farmers in Konshisha Local Government Area of Benue State","authors":"MY Dooga, P. Agada, I. Ogwuche","doi":"10.46912/napas.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.243","url":null,"abstract":"Orange wastage through postharvest losses has contributed to food scarcity, economic loss and massive importation of food items in Nigeria. The research was mainly carried out to investigate the determinants of orange postharvest losses among orange farmers in Konshisha Local Government of Benue State, North Central geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Primary data was collected from the orange farmers using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and Ordinal Regression model were used to analyse the data collected. The quantity lost was perceived at six (6) categories. The results revealed that most (63.7%) of the farmers were above 34 years of age. Also the majority (95.1%) were male, while 55.3% of the respondents’ farm size was relatively large with 200 and above stands of orange. The farmers’ literacy level was 73.6%. Those that belonged to farmers groups were 39.5. Further results established the use of probit link function in the ordinal regression modelling and that the significant factors affecting orange postharvest losses in the area are farmer’s lack of education and farmers not belonging to any association or group. The only significant covariate with the postharvest loss quantity of orange is farm size. The test of parallel lines established that, the location parameters (slope coefficients) are the same across response categories.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127293863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Econometric Assessment of the Impact of Exchange Rate Depreciation on Inflation in Nigeria (1981-2017) 尼日利亚汇率贬值对通货膨胀影响的计量经济评估(1981-2017)

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.46912/napas.216

M. Abubakar, K. Apeh, Onochie Nweze

{"title":"Econometric Assessment of the Impact of Exchange Rate Depreciation on Inflation in Nigeria (1981-2017)","authors":"M. Abubakar, K. Apeh, Onochie Nweze","doi":"10.46912/napas.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.216","url":null,"abstract":"The present reality of the Nigerian economy is the fact that inflation has remained unabated in spite of all exchange rate measures that have been adopted by the monetary authority. This calls for investigation into the extent to which exchange rate impact on inflation in Nigeria. The research paper examined the impact of exchange rate depreciation on inflation in Nigeria for the period 1981–2017, using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test Cointegration Procedure. The research shows that inflation rate in Nigeria is highly susceptible to lagged inflation rate, exchange rate, lagged exchange rate, lagged broad money, and lagged gross domestic product at 5% level of significance. A long run relationship was also found to exist between inflation rate, gross domestic product and general government expenditure, indicating that the model has a self-adjusting mechanism for correcting any deviation of the variables from equilibrium. Therefore, this study concludes that exchange rate is an important tool to manage inflation in the country; thus, this paper recommends that policies that have direct influence on inflation as well as exchange rate policies that would checkmate inflation movement in the country, should be used by the Central Bank of Nigeria. Also, monetary growth and import management policies should be put in place to encourage domestic production of export commodities, which are currently short-supplied. In addition, policy makers should not rely on this instrument totally to control inflation, but should use it as a complement to other macro-economic policies.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126451346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Modeling Fire Spread in a Real-Time Coupled Atmospheric-Vegetation Fire: An Analytical Approach 模拟实时耦合大气-植被火灾的火灾蔓延:一种分析方法

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.46912/napas.234

A. Zhiri, R. Olayiwola, DW Yavalah, CE Ode, H. Adebayo

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Capacity of Calopogonium muconoides and Senna obtusifolia as Potential Bioremediation Agents 马粪草和番泻草作为潜在生物修复剂的重金属生物积累能力评价

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.46912/napas.230

O. Ogo, S. Agbara, B. Inalegwu, I. Nyinoh

{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Capacity of Calopogonium muconoides and Senna obtusifolia as Potential Bioremediation Agents","authors":"O. Ogo, S. Agbara, B. Inalegwu, I. Nyinoh","doi":"10.46912/napas.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.230","url":null,"abstract":"A wide range of inorganic and organic compounds such as combustibles, and putrescible substances, hazardous waste, explosives, petroleum products and heavy metals (HM) can cause contamination. In addition, the non-biodegradability of heavy metals further exacerbates environmental pollution with its attendant health consequences on the biotic components of the ecosystem including humans. The use of living organisms such as plants and microbes is increasingly becoming acceptable practice of sustainable environmental sanitation. However, identification of potential bioremediation agents is still challenging. This study was carried out to bridge this gap by assessing heavy metal bioaccumulation properties of Calopogoniun Muconoides and Senna obtusifolia plants at contaminated site of mechanic workshop (site 1) in comparative to a physically non-contaminated site (site 2) within Makurdi metropolis of Benue State Nigeria. The selected plants were obtained from both sites and evaluated for their bioaccumulation capacities using standard procedures. The results revealed the sample plants accumulated high levels of heavy metals particularly in the leaves and roots, suggesting the utilization of phytoextraction, phytostabilization and phytovolatilization mechanisms of remediation. The plants and HM generally presented an order of concentration and bioaccumulation as: Senna obtusifolia > Calopogonium Muconoides; Zn > Fe > Pb > Cu > Cd > Cr > Ni. These findings suggest that these novel plants, especially Senna obtusifolia are good agents of bioremediation of heavy metals. Studies involving isotopic labeling to determine the exact mechanism of remediation as well molecular techniques such as transcriptomics and proteomics to identify genes/molecules that confer phytoremediation potential on the plants would be the next focus of our research in this emerging field of environmental biochemistry.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126616368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Time Series Model to Forecast Covid-19 Infection rate in Nigeria Using Box-Jenkins Method 用Box-Jenkins方法预测尼日利亚Covid-19感染率的时间序列模型

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.46912/napas.232

CA Ortese, TG Ieren, AJ Tamber

{"title":"A Time Series Model to Forecast Covid-19 Infection rate in Nigeria Using Box-Jenkins Method","authors":"CA Ortese, TG Ieren, AJ Tamber","doi":"10.46912/napas.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46912/napas.232","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus declared as a global pandemic by WHO has emerged as the most aggressive disease negatively affecting more than 90% countries of the world. Nigeria, one of the most populated countries in Africa is not an exception. This study focuses on analyzing the intrinsic patterns in the COVID-19 spread in Nigeria using the Box-Jenkins procedure. Data of daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nigeria was retrieved from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) official website from February 27, 2020 to October 31, 2020 to identify the series components, estimate parameters, develop an appropriate stochastic predictive model and use the model to forecast future trend of the deadly virus. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) of order (0,1,1) was identified as the most suitable model based on the analysis of the autocorrelation (ACF), partial autocorrelation functions (PACF) and Akaike Information Correction (AICc) value. R software version 4.0.3 was used to analyze the trend which moothen the series by using 8-point moving average to extract the irregular component as wellas differencing the series one step further to obtain a stationary series. We performed the Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit root test, parameter estimation and Ljung-Box test to check the proposed model’s conformity to the stationary univariate process. A 85 – day (1st Oct., 2020 – 24th Jan., 2020)forecast shows a gradual decline in the successive number of confirmed cases of infection indicating the effectiveness of the intervention strategies employed by the Task Force to contain the virus. The concerned authorities can apply the forecasted trend to make further informed decisions on the measures to be put in place to reduce diffusion of the deadly virus into the country.","PeriodicalId":143180,"journal":{"name":"NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activity concentrations of 226^Ra, 232^Th, and 40^K in common maize meal consumed in Namibia and their potential radiation hazards 在纳米比亚消费的普通玉米粉中226^Ra、232^Th和40^K的活性浓度及其潜在的辐射危害

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.46912/napas.231

SA Onjefu, NN Kafidi, C. Kamunda, PI Uloko, M. Hitila, E. Ejembi, J. Kennedy

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Velocity of a Frictionless Motion of a Truck on an Infinitely Long Straight Rail 货车在无限长直线轨道上无摩擦运动速度的估计

NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.46912/napas.211

P. Ogwola, MB Sullayman

引用次数: 0