Open-File Report最新文献

{"title":"Sediment mobility and river corridor assessment for a 140-kilometer segment of the main-stem Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam, California","authors":"J. Curtis, Travis B. Poitras, Sandra Bond, K. Byrd","doi":"10.3133/OFR20201141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/OFR20201141","url":null,"abstract":"This river corridor assessment documents sediment mobility and river response to flood disturbance along a 140-kilometer segment of the main-stem Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam, California. Field and remote sensing methods were used to assess fundamental indicators of active sediment transport and river response to a combination of natural runoff events and reservoir releases during the study period from 2005 to 2019. Discharge measurements at two gaged sites and bed-material samples at two ungaged sites provided direct and indirect evidence of mobile bed conditions, scour and fill, and surface flushing of fine sediment. Available remotesensing datasets collected in 2005, 2009, 2010, and 2016 were used to determine sediment storage, flood inundation boundaries, and provide indirect evidence of flood-induced scour. These datasets validate channel-maintenance flows defined by Shea and others (2016). During the study period, flows greater than or equal to 6,030 cubic feet per second mobilized the substrate, caused localized scour, and flushed fine sediment from bar surfaces. Flows greater than or equal to 10,400 cubic feet per second stripped vegetation from bars and floodplains and produced deeper scour. Flood disturbance within the study reach is produced by the combined effect of natural flows and reservoir releases, which resulted in mobile bed conditions during the study period. Periodic scour and substrate disturbance are considered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to be integral for managing diseaseinduced mortality of juvenile and adult salmonids. Substrate conditions conducive to parasites that host infectious diseases, particularly Ceratonova shasta, occur periodically. Additional studies are required to determine whether disease prevalence can be mitigated by well-timed reservoir releases. Study results are useful for interpreting linkages among physical and biological processes and for evaluating the effectiveness of flow management targeted to improve river bed conditions for endangered salmonid populations.","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"36 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124510570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The surface trace tool—Modeling complex planar interactions using ArcGIS","authors":"Drew B. Adams, Heather L. Parks","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124761884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECCOE Landsat quarterly Calibration and Validation report — Quarter 2, 2021","authors":"E. Micijevic, R. Rengarajan, Md. Obaidul Haque, M. Lubke, Fatima Tuz Zafrin Tuli, Jerad Shaw, Nahid Hasan, Alex Denevan, S. Franks, M. Choate, C. Anderson, Brian Markham, K. Thome, E. Kaita, J. Barsi, Raviv Levy, L. Ong","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211105","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Calibration and Validation (Cal/Val) Center of Excellence (ECCOE) focuses on improving the accuracy, precision, calibration, and product quality of remote-sensing data, leveraging years of multiscale optical system geometric and radiometric calibration and characterization experience. The ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val Team continu-ally monitors the geometric and radiometric performance of active Landsat missions and makes calibration adjustments, as needed, to maintain data quality at the highest level. This report provides observed geometric and radiometric analysis results for Landsats 7–8 for quarter 3 (July– September), 2021. All data used to compile the Cal/Val analysis results presented in this report are freely available from the USGS EarthExplorer website: https://ea rthexplore r.usgs.gov. One specific activity that the Cal/Val Team continued to closely monitor this quarter was the Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) response degradation, which has been observed since the two November 2020 safehold events. Detailed analysis results characterizing this degradation have been included in this report. Additional information about the safehold events is here: h ttps://www .usgs.gov/ core- science-systems/ nli/ landsat/ november- 19- 2020- landsat- 8- data-availability- update- recent- safehold.","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128559304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of uncontained Zequanox applications for zebra mussel control in a Midwestern lake","authors":"James A. Luoma, D. Waller, Todd J. Severson, M. Barbour, Jeremy K. Wise, Eric G. Lord, L. Bartsch, M. Bartsch","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191126","url":null,"abstract":"Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are invasive bivalves that have perturbed aquatic ecosystems within North America since their introduction in the mid-1980s. Control of zebra mussels has largely been restricted to raw water conveyance systems and associated infrastructures because few control products are registered for application in surface waters. The biopesticide Zequanox was registered in 2014 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for controlling dreissenid mussels (zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in surface waters. Previous Zequanox applications in surface waters have used vertical impermeablemembrane barriers to contain treated water. Studies have indicated that uncontained applications may be successful if Zequanox suspensions of the correct viscosity are applied to facilitate the creation of stratified benthic treatment layer. In this study, Zequanox was applied to replicate 0.30-hectare plots within a small inland lake using a custom-engineered, boat-mounted application system to determine if uncontained Zequanox applications could be used to manage zebra mussel populations and to protect native unionid mussels within zebra mussel infested waters. To determine success, the following specific objectives were investigated during, 30 days after, and/or 1 year after Zequanox exposure: (1) evaluate Zequanox concentrations during exposure; (2) monitor water quality during and after exposure; (3) evaluate the mortality of zebra mussels that were caged within treatment zones during the exposures; (4) evaluate the densities of naturally occurring zebra mussels with treatment zones before and after Zequanox exposure; and (5) evaluate the survival, condition, and dreissenid infestation of native mussels in the treatment zones before and after Zequanox exposure. Zequanox rapidly dissipated from the treated plots, resulting in no appreciable treatmentrelated mortality of zebra mussels and insignificant impacts to water quality. Zequanox exposure-related impacts to native mussels were not observed. Introduction Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) are highly invasive, ecosystem-altering bivalves that have adversely impacted invaded waterways (Lewandowski and Stańczykowska, 2014; Orlova, 2014; Sousa and others, 2014; Benson and others, 2019). Because of their high fecundity, zebra mussels can quickly reach extremely high densities, and a microscopic, free-swimming early life stage allows for anthropogenic transport and rapid dispersal (Mackie and Claudi, 2010; Birnbaum, 2011). Zebra mussels can cause extensive ecological effects; such as, biogeochemical cycle alterations, energy flow disruptions, habitat alterations, shifts in population structures of invertebrate and fish communities, and promotion of harmful algal blooms through selective filtering (Vanderploeg and others, 2001; Orlova and others, 2004; Strayer and others, 2004; Bruesewitz, 2008; Hoyle and others, 2008; Knoll and others, 2008; Vanderploeg and oth","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128191787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical note—Relative variability of selected turbidity standards and sensors in use by the U.S. Geological Survey","authors":"G. Foster, L. R. King, John D. Jastram, J. Joiner, B. Pellerin, J. Graham, Thomas J. Williams","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211009","url":null,"abstract":"..........................................................................................................................................................","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130097299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentation in the Middle Fork Eel River Basin, California","authors":"J. Knott","doi":"10.3133/70210573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/70210573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129067350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and distribution of PFAS in sampled source water of public drinking-water supplies in the surficial aquifer in Delaware, 2018; PFAS and groundwater age-dating results","authors":"Betzaida Reyes","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211109","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control and the Delaware Geological Survey, conducted a groundwater-quality investigation to (1) describe the occurrence and distribution of PFAS, and (2) document any changes in groundwater quality in the Columbia aquifer public water-supply wells in the Delaware Coastal Plain between 2000 and 2008 and between 2008 and 2018. Thirty public water-supply wells located throughout the Columbia aquifer of the Delaware Coastal Plain were sampled from August through November 2018. Groundwater collected from the wells was analyzed for the occurrence and distribution of 18 perand polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) as well as groundwater age. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to assess PFAS analytical results within the well network and the combined perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentrations were compared to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) health advisory level (HAL) for informational purposes only and not for evidence of compliance or noncompliance with Federal regulations. The EPA’s HAL is a health-based reference level for public drinking water as supplied to customers and is not applied to source (raw) water. Groundwater-age data were compared for sites sampled in 2000, 2008, and 2018 to document any changes. All samples were analyzed for 18 PFAS using EPA Method 537 (modified). Forty-four percent of the analyzed PFAS were detected in the study well network. Sixteen of the sampled wells have one or more PFAS detections, and as many as eight different PFAS were found in a single sample. Wells with a higher number of PFAS detected (five or more) were in New Castle and Sussex Counties. The PFAS most frequently detected were PFOA, with 47 percent detection; perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), with 33 percent detection; and PFOS and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), with 27 percent detection each. PFAS concentrations were below 1,000 parts per trillion (ppt). Two wells exceeded the EPA’s lifetimedrinking water health advisory level of 70 ppt for combined concentrations of PFOA and PFOS. The average age of groundwater entering the screens of the supply wells sampled in 2018 ranged from 8.2 to 45.8 years, with a median groundwater age of 25.7 years. Groundwater age was positively correlated with well depth and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen. Groundwater age and PFAS concentrations were negatively correlated in the Columbia aquifer. Data from the 23 resampled wells indicate a significant positive difference in the average modeled groundwater-sample-age results. The average groundwater age from samples collected in 2018 was generally 5 years older than the average groundwater age from samples collected in 2008. The same pattern was found during cycle two (2008) of this study, where the 2008 groundwater age was on average 7 years older than the samples collected in 2000","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130547759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systems-deposits-commodities-critical minerals table for the earth mapping resources initiative","authors":"A. Hofstra, D. Kreiner","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201042","url":null,"abstract":"..........................................................................................................................................................1 Background.....................................................................................................................................................1 Problem and Solution ....................................................................................................................................1 Mineral Systems ............................................................................................................................................2 Table Rationale and Explanation .................................................................................................................2 Table Structure ......................................................................................................................................6 Table Use ................................................................................................................................................6 References Cited..........................................................................................................................................19","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127885111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of decadal modeling approach to forecast barrier island evolution, Dauphin Island, Alabama","authors":"Rangley C. Mickey, Elizabeth Godsey, P. Dalyander, Victor Gonzalez, Robert L. Jenkins, J. W. Long, D. M. Thompson, N. Plant","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201001","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting barrier island evolution provides coastal managers and stakeholders the ability to assess the resiliency of these important coastal environments that are home to both established communities and existing natural habitats. This study uses an established coupled model framework to assess how Dauphin Island, Alabama, responds to various storm and sea-level change scenarios, along with a suite of restoration measures, over the course of a decade. The coupled model framework uses validated models for long-term alongshore sediment transport (Delft 3D; Deltares, 2019), short-term storm induced impacts (XBeach; Roelvink and others, 2009), as well as dune building and recovery (empirical dune growth model; Mickey and others, 2019). This model framework was simulated with the various storm and sea-level change scenarios on a non-restored Dauphin Island, then a subset of the storm and sea-level change scenarios were applied to a suite of seven different restoration measures to determine how they would influence the morphologic evolution over a decadal period. Topographic and bathymetric changes captured in post-simulation digital elevation models were then passed on to partners for various simulations to determine the effects on habitat evolution and water quality as it relates to oyster reef and submerged aquatic vegetation. Introduction The forecasting of long-term evolution of barrier island systems is an emerging necessity for coastal managers aimed at increasing the resiliency of the system for future generations. The work of Mickey and others (2019) to develop a modeling technique to forecast evolution of barrier islands has provided coastal managers a way to inform decisions related to proposed island modifications and varying climatic changes. As part of the Alabama Barrier Island Restoration Assessment (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/alabama-barrier-island-restoration-study), the coupled model framework methodology was used to forecast a range of potential outcomes for Dauphin Island, Alabama, over a decadal period under varying climatic changes related to sea level change (SLC) and storminess with varying proposed restoration scenarios. The modeling scheme 1U.S. Geological Survey. 2U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. 3The Water Institute of the Gulf. 4University of North Carolina at Wilmington.","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123158794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The major coral reefs of Maui Nui, Hawai‘i—distribution, physical characteristics, oceanographic controls, and environmental threats","authors":"M. Field, C. Storlazzi, A. Gibbs, Nicole L. D'Antonio, S. Cochran","doi":"10.3133/OFR20191019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/OFR20191019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142152,"journal":{"name":"Open-File Report","volume":"2000 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125734978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}