{"title":"Foamed bitumen stabilisation of recycled steel slag aggregates utilising geopolymer as a secondary binder.","authors":"Youli Lin, Yueji Bai, Dulanja Dayaratne, Farshid Maghool, Arul Arulrajah","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2026.2688412","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10298436.2026.2688412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foamed bitumen stabilisation is a sustainable technique for enhancing the mechanical properties of unbound granular materials and rehabilitating aged pavements. This process produces a flexible pavement base and subbase layers with improved mechanical performance and durability. This study investigated foamed bitumen stabilised (FBS) mixtures for pavements in which the aggregate matrix consists entirely of industrial by-products. Three aggregate compositions, including 100% ladle furnace slag (100LFS), 100% electric arc furnace slag (100EAFS) and a combination of 50% EAFS and 50% LFS by mass (50EAFS/50LFS) were used as parent materials for foamed bitumen stabilisation. Alkali-activated fly ash (FA) and slag (S)-based geopolymer was used as a secondary binder to replace conventional carbon-intensive binders such as hydrated lime or cement while enabling rapid strength gain. The mechanical performance of the FBS mixtures was evaluated through unconfined compressive strength (UCS), indirect tensile resilient modulus (ITM <sub><i>r</i></sub> ), repeated load triaxial (RLT) and four-point flexural bending tests, while reinforcement mechanisms were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the FBS mixtures incorporating 10%(FA+S) geopolymer achieved higher UCS values than benchmark mixtures with 2% cement, ranged from 4.05 MPa to 20.1 MPa with respected to different aggregate compositions and curing conditions. Two FBS mixtures, 50EAFS/50LFS + 3%B + 10%(FA+S) and 100LFS + 3%B + 10%(FA+S) complied the stiffness requirement for pavement applications, with 50EAFS/50LFS + 3%B + 10%(FA+S) being the optimum mixture and achieved highest ITM <sub><i>r</i></sub> of 4135 MPa and 2685 MPa under unsoaked and soaked condition, respectively. RLT and four-point flexural bending results also showed acceptable performance of the resilient modulus and fatigue resistance of the FBS mixtures incorporating 10%(FA+S) geopolymer. The findings of this study demonstrated the technical feasibility of using steel slag aggregates and geopolymers in foamed bitumen stabilisation for future sustainable road construction, offering improved mechanical properties and durability and a reduced carbon footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"2688412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Wang, Wei Huang, Jun Yang, Xingyu Xie, Jiayue Yun, S. Liu, Minghui Gong
{"title":"Effect of physicochemical properties of lignin on rheological performance and anti-aging mechanisms of lignin-modified asphalt","authors":"H. Wang, Wei Huang, Jun Yang, Xingyu Xie, Jiayue Yun, S. Liu, Minghui Gong","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2025.2606912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2606912","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional asphalt binder undergoes rapid thermal oxidative aging during construction, which accelerates performance deterioration and reduces the environmental resistance of asphalt binders. To address this challenge, this study investigates five types of lignin, including alkali lignin, dealkalized lignin, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate and enzymatic lignin (EL), as bio-based modifiers to enhance the aging resistance of asphalt binders. The relationships between the physicochemical characteristics of lignin and the performance of modified binders were thoroughly examined using dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H NMR). The results show that EL exhibits the most effective anti-aging performance due to its low molecular weight, high phenolic hydroxyl content and superior dispersibility. FTIR and GPC analyses confirm that EL suppresses carbonyl and sulfoxide formation and limits molecular weight growth through radical scavenging and sacrificial degradation mechanisms. Moreover, <sup>1</sup>H NMR results reveal that EL helps preserve molecular integrity by reducing chain scission and oxidation. This study clarifies the anti-aging mechanism of lignin-modified asphalt and provides a theoretical foundation for developing high-performance and sustainable bio-based binders.","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147907137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Chen, Tao Ma, Xiong Yu, Feng Chen, Jianying Hu
{"title":"Numerical study on heat transfer characteristics of steel bridge deck pavement with self-compacting polyurethane mixture","authors":"Yan Chen, Tao Ma, Xiong Yu, Feng Chen, Jianying Hu","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2025.2604714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2025.2604714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengwei Wu, Fan Jing, Haocheng Yang, Chenxuan Li, Zhonghua Xi, Jun Cai, Qingjun Wang, Hongfeng Xie
{"title":"Epoxy asphalt binder reinforced with waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for improving toughness","authors":"Chengwei Wu, Fan Jing, Haocheng Yang, Chenxuan Li, Zhonghua Xi, Jun Cai, Qingjun Wang, Hongfeng Xie","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2400547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2400547","url":null,"abstract":"The instinct brittleness of epoxy resin is one of the challenges to the durability of epoxy asphalt pavements, which may cause various failures, such as cracking, potholes and delamination. To impr...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of shearing forces and mass inertia on the interpretation of 4PB test results in the case of asphalt mixtures tested in two different devices","authors":"Marcin Gajewski, A.C. Pronk, Wojciech Bańkowski","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2399107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2399107","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of the article is to analyse that taking into account shearing forces and the mass of the test system elements during four-point bending has an impact on the determined stiffness modu...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fatigue characteristics of cement-stabilized steel slag base course for asphalt pavement structure considering different paving methods","authors":"Canyang Cui, Xin Jiang, Rong Sun, Zhengxian Li, Mian Zhang, Yangchen Lu, Haibin Li, Yanjun Qiu","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2393313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2393313","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates different on-site paving methods for the base course, establishing a model using the computational programme GAMES based on the elastic layered system theory. The impact of ...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Skid resistance in pavement-vehicle interaction with anti-lock braking systems","authors":"Miao Yu, Geng Chen, Zhengji Zhang, Jue Li, Liming Yang, Jia Peng, Yalong Li","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2380514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2380514","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a method is proposed to evaluate the skid resistance performance of a pavement by considering the slip ratio and texture characteristics, taking the braking distance as the key index...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natoya O. A. S. Jourdain, Ingelin Steinsland, Mamoona Birkhez-Shami, Emil Vedvik, William Olsen, Dagfin Gryteselv, Doreen Siebert, Alex Klein-Paste
{"title":"A spatial-statistical model to analyse historical rutting data","authors":"Natoya O. A. S. Jourdain, Ingelin Steinsland, Mamoona Birkhez-Shami, Emil Vedvik, William Olsen, Dagfin Gryteselv, Doreen Siebert, Alex Klein-Paste","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2385013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2385013","url":null,"abstract":"Pavement rutting poses a significant challenge in flexible pavements, necessitating costly asphalt resurfacing. To address this issue comprehensively, we propose an advanced Bayesian hierarchical f...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmet Yilmaz, Sadik Alper Yildizel, Alireza Bahrami, Gokhan Kaplan
{"title":"Utilizing genetic programming to evaluate and predict roller-compacted concrete pavements reinforced with coal powder and basalt fiber","authors":"Ahmet Yilmaz, Sadik Alper Yildizel, Alireza Bahrami, Gokhan Kaplan","doi":"10.1080/10298436.2024.2382328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2024.2382328","url":null,"abstract":"Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) pavement technology has drawn significant attention in recent years, thanks to its many advantages over conventional paving materials. The main benefits of RCC inclu...","PeriodicalId":14212,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pavement Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}