{"title":"Mode-Directed Tabling for Dynamic Programming, Machine Learning, and Constraint Solving","authors":"Neng-Fa Zhou, Yoshitaka Kameya, Taisuke Sato","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.103","url":null,"abstract":"Mode-directed tabling amounts to using table modes to control what arguments are used in variant checking of subgoals and how answers are tabled. A mode can be min, max, + (input), (output), or nt (non-tabled). While the traditional table-all approach to tabling is good for finding all answers, mode-directed tabling is well suited to dynamic programming problems that require selective answers. In this paper, we present three application examples of mode-directed tabling, namely, (1) hydraulic system planning, a dynamic programming problem, (2) the Viterbi algorithm in PRISM, a probabilistic logic reasoning and learning system, and (3) constraint checking in evaluating Answer Set Programs (ASP). For the Viterbi application, the feature of enabling a cardinality limit in a table mode declaration plays an important role. For a PRISM program and a set of data, the explanations may be too large to be completely stored and the cardinality limit allows for Viterbi inference based on a subset of explanations. The mode nt, which specifies an argument that can participate in the computation of a tabled predicate but is never tabled either in subgoal or answer tabling, is useful in constraint checking for the Hamilton cycle problem encoded as an ASP. These examples demonstrate the usefulness of modedirected tabling.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115741908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergio Esparcia, E. Argente, Roberto Centeno, Ramón Hermoso
{"title":"Enhancing MAS Environments with Organizational Mechanisms","authors":"Sergio Esparcia, E. Argente, Roberto Centeno, Ramón Hermoso","doi":"10.1142/S0218213011000395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218213011000395","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational mechanisms can be introduced in a multi-agent system with the aim of influencing the behavior of agents to achieve their objectives in a proper way. Thus, they are designed to achieve a better coordination between agents. In this paper, we propose to model organizational mechanisms by means of artifacts, which were presented within the Agents & Artifacts approach, and that present good advantages for coordinating agents environments. We claim that artifacts, as reactive entities located into the environment of a Multi-agent System, can help agents to reach their goals, seem to be a suitable abstraction for modeling organizational mechanisms. We also give some examples of possible uses.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123508686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian 3D Human Motion Capture Using Factored Particle Filtering","authors":"Abdallah Dib, C. Rose, F. Charpillet","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.131","url":null,"abstract":"We present a markerless human motion capture system that estimates the 3D positions of the body joints over time. The system uses a dynamic bayesian network and a factored particle filtering algorithm. In this paper we evaluate the impact of using different observation functions for the bayesian state estimation: chamfer distance, a pixel intersection and finally a pseudo-observation of the subject direction calculated from the previous output of the system. We also compare two methods for the factored generation of the particles. The first one uses a deterministic interval exploration strategy whereas the second one is based on an adaptive diffusion. The capacity of the system to recover after occlusion by obstacles was tested on simulated movements in a virtual scene.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116874549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauricio Araya-López, Vincent Thomas, O. Buffet, F. Charpillet
{"title":"A Closer Look at MOMDPs","authors":"Mauricio Araya-López, Vincent Thomas, O. Buffet, F. Charpillet","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.101","url":null,"abstract":"The difficulties encountered in sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty are often linked to the large size of the state space. Exploiting the structure of the problem, for example by employing a factored representation, is usually an efficient approach but, in the case of partially observable Markov decision processes, the fact that some state variables may be visible has not been sufficiently appreciated. In this article, we present a complementary analysis and discussion about MOMDPs, a formalism that exploits the fact that the state space may be factored in one visible part and one hidden part. Starting from a POMDP description, we dig into the structure of the belief update, value function, and the consequences in value iteration, specifically how classical algorithms can be adapted to this factorization, and demonstrate the resulting benefits through an empirical evaluation.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129405517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Copin, Herve Rey, Xavier Vasques, Anne Laurent, M. Teisseire
{"title":"Intelligent Energy Data Warehouse: What Challenges?","authors":"L. Copin, Herve Rey, Xavier Vasques, Anne Laurent, M. Teisseire","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.120","url":null,"abstract":"The RIDER -Réseau et Inter connectivité Des Energies classiques et Renouvelables (Network and Inter-Connectivity of Classical and Renewable Energies) project gathers a pool of university laboratories, national and international companies to design intelligent energy management platforms. We present here our contribution on designing data warehouse architectural models for massive and heterogeneous data, to be integrated in a multi-building intelligent energy management platform. Although a lot of work has been done on the subject, present tools and techniques still do not cover all the challenges we face when confronted to real time energy-related data management. This paper presents an overview of the related research work on data streams, data warehousing and ETL (Extract Transform Load) processes. ETL data exceptions will be our main point of focus. This critical subject has been rather left aside in research works so far.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129793081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm to Test Data Generation","authors":"Gustavo H. L. Pinto, S. Vergilio","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.26","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary testing has successfully applied search based optimization algorithms to the test data generation problem. The existing works use different techniques and fitness functions. However, the used functions consider only one objective, which is, in general, related to the coverage of a testing criterion. But, in practice, there are many factors that can influence the generation of test data, such as memory consumption, execution time, revealed faults, and etc. Considering this fact, this work explores a ultiobjective optimization approach for test data generation. A framework that implements a multi-objective genetic algorithm is described. Two different representations for the population are used, which allows the test of procedural and object-oriented code. Combinations of three objectives are experimentally evaluated: coverage of structural test criteria, ability to reveal faults, and execution time.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127865638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Adaptive Prediction-Regret Driven Strategy for Bilateral Bargaining","authors":"Shu-juan Ji, Ho-fung Leung","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.77","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an adaptive prediction-regret driven negotiation strategy for bilateral bargaining without modeling opponents, which combines the prediction idea in heuristic method and the regret principle in psychology. Experimental results show that agents that employ this strategy outperform agents that use other strategies previously proposed in the literature.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116098925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hacene, Schahrazed Fennouh, R. Nkambou, Petko Valtchev
{"title":"Refactoring of Ontologies: Improving the Design of Ontological Models with Concept Analysis","authors":"M. Hacene, Schahrazed Fennouh, R. Nkambou, Petko Valtchev","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.97","url":null,"abstract":"It is now widely accepted that in order to optimize both their usage and their design and maintenance ontologies should comply to design quality criteria, e.g., absence of redundancies and appropriate level of abstraction. Yet given the variety and scope of activities comprised in the life-cycle of an ontological model (OM), such as adapting, splitting, populating, this quality is easily compromised, especially with ontologies of larger size and/or resulting from the merge of smaller ones. Conversely, restoring it through refactoring, i.e., restructuring of the ontology to improve defects, is knowingly a challenging task as relocating an ontology element can adversely affect its neighbors. We investigate here a holistic refactoring approach that, given an ontology, amounts to presenting its designer with a list of the most plausible abstract entities missing in it. The core of the approach is a recently devised concept analysis method, called 'relational', that allows deeper refactoring by feeding into the process various ontological relations, e.g., concept-to-property incidences. The focus here is put on the NLP-aspects of the refactoring, while we also provide some preliminary results from a series of validating experiments.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"85 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114010498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PKOPT: Faster k-Optimal Solution for DCOP by Improving Group Selection Strategy","authors":"Elnaz Bigdeli, M. Rahmaninia, M. Afsharchi","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.70","url":null,"abstract":"A significant body of work in multiagent systems over more than two decades has focused on multi-agent coordination. Many challenges in multi-agent coordination can be modeled as Distributed Constraint Optimizations (DCOPs). Many complete and incomplete algorithms have been introduced for DCOPs but complete algorithms are often impractical for large-scale and dynamic environments which lead to study incomplete algorithms. Some incomplete algorithms produce k-optimal solutions; a k-optimal solution is the one that cannot be improved by any deviation by k or fewer agents. In this paper we focus on the only k-optimal algorithm which works for arbitrary k, entitled as KOPT. In both complete and incomplete algorithms, computational complexity is the major concern. Different approaches are introduced to solve this problem and improve existing algorithms. The main contribution of this paper is to decrease computational complexity of KOPT algorithm by introducing a new method for selecting leaders which should assign new values to a group of agents. This new approach is called Partial KOPT (PKOPT). PKOPT is an effective method to reduce computational load and power consumption in implementation. This paper under various assumptions presents an analysis of sequential and stochastic PKOPT algorithms.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122457648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategy and Fairness in Repeated Two-agent Interaction","authors":"Jianye Hao, Ho-fung Leung","doi":"10.1109/ICTAI.2010.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2010.75","url":null,"abstract":"The criterion of fairness has not been given much attention in the research of multi-agent learning problem. We propose an adaptive strategy for agents to achieve fairness in repeated two-agent game with conflicting interests. In our strategy, each agent is equipped with inequity-averse based fairness model, and makes its decision according to its attractiveness for each action. Besides, each agent adjusts its own attitudes in an adaptive way on the basis of previous outcome and the payoff distribution of the agents in the system, and our goal is to reach fairness in the sense of obtaining equal accumulated payoffs for each agent. Simulation results show that agents using our strategy can coordinate well with each other and achieve fairness with less payoff cost than previous work.","PeriodicalId":141778,"journal":{"name":"2010 22nd IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134414253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}