International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Autism spectrum disorder in relation to associated factors of children in salah-addin province: Iraq","authors":"A. M. Jumaa, Mohammed Rajab Ahmed, Ahmed Raad Hamed, Eman Rasheed Abdulhameed, Alkhansa Kefah Abbas","doi":"10.33545/27074447.2022.v4.i2a.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/27074447.2022.v4.i2a.50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76386445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal Pattern of Decapitation Injury and Associated Limb Injury in Railway Track Traumas: A Case Series","authors":"Sahajad Khilji, Ashish Jain, Priyamvada Kurveti Verma, Rajendra Baraw","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i3.38166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i3.38166","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide by high-speed railway track trauma with complete decapitation is a rare event; however, it is well known and reported in the scientific literature. The authors analyzed 5 cases of suicide with complete decapitation along with upper limb amputation or severe injury by high-speed mainline train subjected to medico-legal autopsies at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal between 2019 and 2021. Upper limb injury is considered because of scientific reasons that they have been amputated along with decapitation. Personal, circumstantial, autopsy, and toxicological data and thevictim’s psychical profile were analyzed, and factors like the type of injury, the vital reaction of wound edges, absence of any signs of defense, alcohol, and drug consumption were also considered.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirulina Ameliorates Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Male Mice","authors":"Marwa E.A. EL- Shamarka, M. Mwaheb, A. Hussein, Ola N. Sayed, Eman S Said","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35583","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rotenone, a chemical compound produced naturally by leguminous plants, has conventionally been used as a pesticide by blocking the uptake of oxygen by body cells. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of spirulina on oxidative damage, inflammation, and neurotoxicity in male mice treated by rotenone. Methods: The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups. Group (I) served as control that received Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO); Group (II) mice treated with rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, s.c.3 times per week); Group (III) mice received rotenone/L-dopa (25 mg/kg, P.O. daily); Group (IV) and Group (V) mice were treated with rotenone/spirulina (200 and 400 mg/kg, P.O. daily) respectively for two weeks. Results: Rotenone-treated mice indicated impaired motor coordination and activity in wire hanging, wood walking, open field, and stair tests. Furthermore, rotenone treatment caused elevation in striatal levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α), Interleukin -1 beta (IL-1β), and caspase 3 and decrement in Bcl-2; dopamine and Glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, severe neuronal degeneration, striatal DNA fragmentation, and increased striatal 8-OHdG levels and MTH1 expression in the rotenone group. Additionally, spirulina treatment prevented rotenone-induced motor deficits striatal DNA fragmentation and demonstrated good restoration of the substantial neurons with reservation of the typical dark appearance. Besides, rotenone-induced biochemical changes were ameliorated by spirulina treatment as dopamine, Bcl-2, and GSH levels were increased, and striatal MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and caspase 3 levels were decreased. Conclusion: Natural products like spirulina could reverse rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in male mice due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42801783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Mental Health in Iranian Transgender Womefx qn per Socio-Demographic Differences","authors":"A. Nematollahi, F. Farnam, M. Damghanian, S. Gharibzadeh, Saeid Gholamzadeh","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35133","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mental health issues and quality of life are among the critical items of general health in individuals, especially transgender subjects. The present study aimed to assess the quality of life, depression, anxiety, and stress in transgender women and determine the factors contributing to them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 127 Iranian transgender women using a convenience sampling method from August 2019 to April 2020. The Quality of Life (QOL) was determined using the World Health Organization (WHO) Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). The DASS-21 questionnaire was employed to evaluate the subjects’ anxiety, depression, and stress. Results: In total, 48% of the individuals had a moderate QOL. The highest score was achieved in the physical health dimension and the lowest in social relationships. Depression, anxiety, and stress were severe and extremely severe in 22%, 20.4%, and 17.3% of the subjects, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between the overall perception of QOL and depression, anxiety, and stress (P<0.001). A significant positive association was observed between the subscales of QOL and education and favorable economic status among transgender women. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation existed between the subscales of QOL with age and sexual violence. Regarding mental health, education had a significant relationship with reduced stress and anxiety, and good economic status had a significant relationship with reduced depression. Still, sexual violence was associated with increased stress in individuals. Conclusion: The present study results emphasize that transgender women are at risk of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress. These conditions are in close association with the quality of life in this population. Moreover, considering the high sexual violence in transgender women of the present study and its considerable effects on mental health disorders, there is a strong need to develop violence prevention services in the community and legal protections in this area. The culture of preventing violence against women in society should be emphasized, and education to families should be considered the first line of prevention.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43409865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Malpractices in Tehran Public Hospitals Referred to the Forensic Medicine Commission of Tehran Province in 2018: An Analytical Review","authors":"F. Najari, J. Khoshnevis, Zahra Javaheri, Dorsa Najari","doi":"10.32598/IJMTFM.VI.34586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJMTFM.VI.34586","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The current status of medical malpractice in Tehran medical centers is unclear, while understanding the situation may help the authorities carefully plan, continuously monitor and, consequently, be sensitive to eliminate the weaknesses. Hence, the present study aimed at investigating the existing problems. Methods: In the present Descriptive and cross-sectional study, all patients complaining of the medical staff of public hospitals affiliated to three medical sciences universities (i e, Tehran, Iran, Shahid Beheshti, and Baqiyatallah) were evaluated in terms of demographic characteristics, physicians gender, the type of hospital, the type of specialty, the type of staff, and reason for complaint (disability, death) using a data collection form, and the results were analyzed in SPSS version 18 using the Chi-square and Fisher tests. P-value <0.01 was considered the level of significance. Results: Most of the filed complaints were against hospitals affiliated to Tehran and Shahid Beheshti universities of medical sciences, and 66% against private centers. Most cases won in the court were against general practitioners, dentists, general surgeons, and hospital technicians. The number of malpractices proven for teaching hospitals was significantly lower than that of non-teaching ones. Given the prevalence of plastic surgery in Iranian society, the number of complaints filed from female patients was two-thirds of male ones; almost 50% aged 21-40 years. For some reason, more than three-fourths of wrongful death complaints were for female patients. Conclusion: Complaints of medical malpractice in hospitals are an integral part of physicians and nursing staff work, as the saying goes: an unwritten dictation has no errors.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41759907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Childbirth and Social Support and Marital Satisfaction","authors":"M. Tajik, M. Emamhadi, S. A. Akbari, M. Doulabi, Parisa Reza NejadAsl","doi":"10.32598/IJMTFM.VI.35741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJMTFM.VI.35741","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childbirth is among the most significant and pleasant events in a woman’s life. This event can be a traumatic event and a threat to the mother’s mental health. This study recognizes the relationship between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) after childbirth and social support and marital satisfaction. Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study was performed on a sample of 400 mothers who had delivered at Shohadaye-15-Khordad Hospital in Varamin (in two groups with & without PTSD). The research instruments include the Demographic, Midwifery, Neonatal Factors checklist, Enrich Marital Satisfaction, Weinfeld and Tigman Social Support, and the PTSD Symptoms Scale. We used SPSS to analyze the descriptive and Pearson correlation and logistic regression data. A P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of PTDS in this study was equal to 16.8%. There was no significant correlation between the mean of the total score of PTSD in all dimensions with social support (P>0.05). Marital satisfaction significantly affected the probability of PTSD after childbirth (P=0.001). There was a significant correlation between PTSD total score and dimension of avoidance symptoms and infant gender (P=0.038). There was also a significant correlation between gestational age and avoidance symptoms (P=0.001) and type of nutrition feeding and motivational symptoms (P=0.041) of PTSD dimensions. Conclusion: According to the relationship between marital satisfaction and PTSD, it is recommended to design suitable interventions to improve the marital status and promptly diagnose the susceptible mothers to prevent the spread of this complication.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43671085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tramadol-Induced Organ Toxicity via Oxidative Stress : A Review Study","authors":"L. Mohammadnejad, K. Soltaninejad","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35430","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tramadol (TR) is a synthetic opioid-like centrally acting analgesic used for moderate to severe pain management in various diseases. Numerous investigations have supported the association between tramadol use and increased levels of oxygen-free radicals. Mass production of reactive oxygen species produces secondary toxic compounds. This could damage the internal components of the cell and ultimately causes organ damage. There exists a growing trend of tramadol abuse and the increasing reports of poisoning, abuse, and mortality due to this drug. Thus, the present study aimed to review the animals and human studies on the effects of acute and chronic exposure of tramadol in inducing organ toxicities through oxidative stress. Methods: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus bibliographic databases were searched for studies that investigated oxidative stress as a mechanism of toxicity by tramadol. A manual search of reference lists of the retrieved articles was conducted. Data were collected from 2000 to 2021 (up to June 2021). Results: From 28 articles concerning experimental and human studies of TR-induced oxidative stress organ damage, which included in this review, the occurrence of lipid peroxidation, alteration in the levels of total antioxidant capacity, and other oxidative stress biomarkers in many organs such as the brain, liver, kidney, adrenal and lung in the experimental studies of tramadol exposure have been observed. Conclusion: Oxidative stress could be considered the most critical toxic mechanism in TR-induced tissue damage.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49147047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Stature and Gender by the Length of the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Fingers of Dominant Hand in Iranian Adults","authors":"Seyed Reza Saadat Mostafavi, A. Memarian, S. Soltani, Abdolkarimi Leyla, F. Taftachi","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.34718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.34718","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stature and gender are essential parameters of forensic anthropology. Moreover, their estimation is critical for medico-legal investigations to identify unknown remains. The present study aimed to estimate stature and gender by the anthropometric dimensions of the Iranian population’s third, fourth, and fifth fingers. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 199 individuals (99 men & 100 women) were included. Individuals’ demographic information was recorded. A caliper measured the length of the fingers. An anthropometer was used for the measurement of stature. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. A multivariate linear regression test was used to predict the stature of individuals based on finger length. Results: In males and females, a solid and positive direct relationship was observed between the length of the third, fourth, and fifth fingers of the hand with the stature of individuals and between the length of the fingers with each other. In the coefficient table of the regression model of this study, in males, the length of the fingers was not predictive of stature, and only the length of the third finger in females had a predictive effect on stature (P=0.007). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, stature is predictable in women through the third finger length using the derived regression equation.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47555241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Characteristics and Personality Disorders in People With Gender Dysphoria in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran","authors":"Ali Reza Shafiei Kandjani, Sona Sadeghpour, B. Samadirad, Arezoo Mehrara, Parisa Hosseinnejad, B. Shalchi","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i2.36056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i2.36056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gender identity is an important part of human identity. It is a personal conception of oneself as male or female. One of the major goals of treatment for individuals with Gender Dysphoria (GD) is to treat comorbid psychological and psychiatric disorders such as personality disorders. The present study aims to investigate demographic characteristics and personality disorders in people with GD seeking gender reassignment therapy in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, study population consists of all patients with GD referred to the forensic medicine centers in East Azerbaijan province during 2016-2020, of whom 61 (21 males and 40 females) were selected using a convenience sampling method. Their age, gender, educational level, and marital status were recorded and their personality profile was assessed by the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III. Results: The frequency (percentage) of Cluster A, B and C personality disorders in males were 0(0%), 9(50%) and 2(11.10%), while in females they were 1(5.56%), 4(22.40%), and 2(11.10%), respectively. The frequency (percentage) of antisocial, obsessive, borderline, avoidant, narcissistic, histrionic, and paranoid personality disorders in males were 4(22.2%), 2(11.10%), 3(16.67%), 0(0%), 0(0%), 2(11.10%), and 0(0%), while in females they were 4(22.20%), 1(5.56%), 3(16.67%), 1(5.56%), 1(5.56%), 2(11.10%), and 1(5.56%), respectively. The prevalence of different clusters (P=0.34) and types (P=0.18) of personality disorders was not significantly different between males and females. Conclusion: Personality disorders are comorbid with GD. They exist in one-third of patients with GD in East Azerbaijan Province. Personality disorders are significantly more prevalent in male patients with GD than in females.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44579748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Helicobacter felis and Helicobacter heilmannii and Co-infection With Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Biopsy Specimens in Endoscopy Ward of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan City, Iran","authors":"A. Khalilian, Pezhman Karami, Somaye Bakhtyari, Razieh Ezati, Sara Khosravi, R. Amini, S. Talebi, Fatemeh Torkaman Asadi, M. Fazeli, Somayeh Soleimani, Shahab Mahmoudvand, H. Ghasemi, Shadi Baniardalan, F. Azizi Jalilian","doi":"10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i2.33088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i2.33088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has various strains associated with human infections. H. pylori, H. heilmannii, and H. felis are the most common strains in humans. H. pylori is associated with several human diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, mucous membrane lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to determine the prevalence rates of H. felis and H. heilmannii and the effect of co-infection with H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of patients. Methods: Totally, 80 gastric biopsy specimens were taken by a physician from the patients referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan City, Iran. PCR test was used to confirm the presence of H. pylori in samples that had positive rapid urease tests. Moreover, the ureB gene and ureA and ureB genes were used for H. heilmannii and H. felis, respectively. Results: Of the study patients, 61.5% were females, and 38.5% were males with a mean age of 37.8 years. Of 80 biopsies, 50% were H. pylori-positive, 53.8% were H. heilmannii-positive, but no H. felis was identified in any sample. Results indicate that smoking, having a history of gastrointestinal diseases, and taking certain medications can be risk factors for H. pylori. Conclusion: Any agent contributing to gastric mucosal damage can enhance the susceptibility to bacterial contamination. Overall, the results indicate a low probability of interactions between H. pylori, H. heilmannii, and H. felis.","PeriodicalId":14168,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47085233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}