International Journal of Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Woody Biomass-Derived Biochar Decorated with Vanadium Oxide as a Potential Adsorbent for CO2 Capture","authors":"Nuradibah Mohd Amer, Pooya Lahijani, Maedeh Mohammadi, Abdul Rahman Mohamed, Shahreen Izwan Anthonysamy","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00605-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00605-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the production of metallized biochar as a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent with a high carbon dioxide (CO₂) uptake at ambient temperature. Leucaena wood (LW)-derived biochar was prepared at various pyrolysis temperatures (500, 700, and 900 °C) for 90 min. Among all, highly microporous LW biochar, pyrolyzed at 900 °C, showed the highest CO₂ adsorption capacity of 52.18 mg/g at 30 °C, 1 bar This biochar was further impregnated with ammonium metavanadate solution at different concentrations (1, 3, 4, 5 and 8 wt%) and then heated at 500 °C to obtain vanadium oxide-deposited biochar. The metal deposition of 3 wt% increased the CO₂ adsorption capacity of the biochar to 71.85 mg/g under the same adsorption conditions, which can be attributed to the significant contribution of vanadium oxide to CO₂ chemisorption. Here, vanadium oxide could create oxygen vacancy on the LW surface which further react with CO₂ in the atmosphere. Kinetic studies revealed that the Avrami model could accurately predict the CO₂ adsorption behaviour, indicating both physisorption and chemisorption contributed to the adsorption. The activation energy for CO₂ uptake was calculated at around − 8.04 kJ/mol. The sustainable performance of metallized biochar was demonstrated in several cycles of CO₂ adsorption–desorption. In addition, this adsorbent showed high affinity towards CO₂ over air, CH₄ and N₂. The results of this study present the prospective potential of this sustainable adsorbent for large-scale post-combustion CO₂ capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Rural Landscapes at Multiple Scales: Typologies and Diversity","authors":"Yehan Li, Yuan Zhou, Ruihong Cai, Chongyu Wang, Xuefei Wu","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00591-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00591-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the increased demand for agricultural products, the agricultural industry has become intensified, resulting in a homogenization of the rural landscape. Our study defines rural landscape types at three scales (national, regional, and local) using a multi-scale method. We generated three landscape element datasets using literature and gray statistical analysis. Subsequently, we used the overlay approach and two-step cluster analysis to identify landscape regions, types, and subtypes. The findings indicate the presence of 47 landscape regions at the national scale, 448 landscape types at the regional scale, and 44 landscape subtypes at the local scale with Dahongshan Mountain Region serving as the empirical study site. Furthermore, we have developed a novel method to evaluate landscape diversity index (LDI) which utilizes the proportion of land area occupied by landscape elements in various landscape types. This method incorporates diverse elements, such as topography, landform, land cover/use, vegetation, and agroforestry industries. To examine the role of LDI in landscape planning, we analyzed the relationship between LDI and recreation services using the geographically weighted regression model. The result facilitates landscape planning and management at different administrative levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight Into the Effects of Environmental and Structural Factors on the Re-Oxidation of Cr(III) Hydroxides","authors":"Min Qu, Huixia Chen, Hongling Zhang, Shuai Jiao, Hongbin Xu","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00581-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00581-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chromium hydroxide is an important form present in chromium chemicals and a major product in the reduction of hexavalent chromium pollutants, and the study of chromium hydroxide re-oxidation process is crucial in controlling chromium pollution. The aim of this research was to investigate the re-oxidation performance of different forms of chromium hydroxide in air: crystalline chromium hydroxide (C-Cr(OH)₃), amorphous chromium hydroxide (A-Cr(OH)₃), chromium hydroxide obtained by reduction (R-Cr(OH)₃), and aged R-Cr(OH)₃ (Aged-R-Cr(OH)₃). The results showed that A-Cr(OH)₃ had the highest re-oxidation efficiency and the largest re-oxidation rate constant (<i>k</i>), followed by R-Cr(OH)₃, Aged-R-Cr(OH)₃, and C-Cr(OH)₃. The study found that the re-oxidation rate of chromium hydroxide was mainly affected by the surface Cr–O bond energy and physical water. The advantageous re-oxidation of chromium hydroxide could be attributed to its diminutive bond energy of Cr–O and the presence of physical water on its surface. It was observed that increasing the temperature and adding salt (Na₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₄) promoted the re-oxidation of Cr(III) for different chromium hydroxides. This effect was particularly noticeable under alkaline conditions induced by Na₂CO₃ or at a reaction temperature of 200 °C. The re-oxidation rate constant of chromium hydroxides was up to 39.4 times higher at a reaction temperature of 200 °C than at 80 °C. This would be of great significance for chromium contamination removal by controlling the hexavalent chromium reduction products and environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"1520 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Bottled Water (Mineral and Drinking) Distributed in Different Seasons in Tehran, Iran: A Health Risk Assessment Study","authors":"Ramin Aslani, Saeideh Esmaeili, Ebrahim Molaee-aghaee, Mohamad Esmaeil Akbari, Parisa Sadighara, Shahrokh Nazmara","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00594-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00594-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study was to determine twelve potentially toxic elements (PTEs), encompassing aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn), in 120 samples of bottled water (mineral and drinking) collected from the market in Tehran, Iran, during the winter and summer seasons. The bottled water samples were assessed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Furthermore, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks were evaluated for adults and children using hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). The maximum content of PTEs was attributed to Zn in bottled drinking water in winter, and the minimum content was attributed to V in bottled mineral water in summer. There was a significant difference in the concentration of Cu and Zn in the summer and winter (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Also, the concentration of Ni, V, and Zn in bottled drinking water and bottled mineral water revealed a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In all cases, the values of THQ and HI were less than one and were acceptable. CR values for Cr and Ni were unacceptable.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Modified Natural Clinoptilolite for Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Removal from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Camilo Serrano Fuentes, Herlys Viltres, Nishesh Kumar Gupta, Martha Otero, Carolina Leyva","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00582-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00582-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) is widely used in various commercial applications, including food packaging, fabrics, and fire-fighting foams. This toxic and carcinogenic compound could be present in water and food products, which could be fatal to living beings. Zeolite-based materials are promising PFOS sorbents due to their high anion exchange capacity and specific surface area. In this study, a natural Clinoptilolite-type zeolite was modified with Hexadecyl Trimetilammonium Bromide (HDTMA) for PFOS remediation in aqueous solutions. The modification introduced an inversion of Clinoptilolite's natural surface net charge, i.e., from negative to positive, making it effective in capturing PFOS. At pH 7, the modified material (Clinop_HDTMA) showed ~ 96–98% removal of PFOS at a low concentration range of 0.5–1 mg L⁻¹. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic data followed the Freundlich and pseudo second-order model, respectively, which suggested the involvement of physicochemical forces in the adsorption process. Thus, this study demonstrates a viable and cost-effective solution to remove PFOS ions from wastewater.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Biochar as Heavy Metals Adsorbent: The Preparation, Mechanism, and Perspectives","authors":"Xian Shi, Weiqing Yang, Jing Li, Zhiliang Yao","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00592-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00592-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increased activity from humans in agriculture and industry, a growing amount of waste containing heavy metals is discharged into the environment, which brings great risk to human health. Biochar, as a great absorbent for heavy metals remediation, has been extensively studied. The adsorption capability of biochar is affected by many factors, such as the species and properties of raw materials, the preparation methods (temperature, heating rate, and residence time), and functional sites introduced by the modification agent. However, how these factors determine the adsorption of heavy metals on biochar is not clear. The present work thoroughly reviewed the traditionally used methods for biochar preparation such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization and gasification, meanwhile, the emerging biochar preparation techniques (retort carbonization and torrefaction) are also explored. Accordingly, the commonly used modification methods (alkali modification, acid modification, ferromagnetic modification, microbial modification, etc.) are comprehensively investigated. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms are also discussed to demonstrate the adsorption mechanism from a theoretical basis. Notably, to facilitate the large-scale biochar application in practice, a discussion focusing on the factors associated with practical utilization is provided. Consequently, the review of environmental risk and the challenge regarding biochar disposal safety, a thorough economic analysis, detailed exploration of industrial-scale implementation challenges, enhanced life cycle assessment and sustainability analysis are included, aiming to contribute a better understanding of the practical implications of engineering biochar for application in heavy metals remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzenesulfonamide-Functionalized Electrospun Polysulfone as an Antibacterial Support Layer of Thin-Film Composite Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Membrane: Fabrication and Performance Evaluation","authors":"Alireza Hadipour, Mohamadreza Shakiba, Ali Bozorg, Amin Foroozandeh, Zohreh Pahnavar, Majid Abdouss","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00583-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00583-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the utilization of electrospun polysulfone (PSF) as a thin-film support in the pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) system, leveraging its notable thermal, chemical, and oxidative stability. To enhance the efficiency of the PRO system, the inherently hydrophobic PSF surface is modified through functionalization with benzenesulfonamide groups (BSA-PSF). The modification process involves chloromethylation of PSF, followed by substitution with BSA, and subsequent electrospinning to produce BSA-PSF fibers. A thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane, composed of an electrospun BSA-PSF support layer and a polyamide thin layer synthesized through interfacial polymerization (BSA-PSF/PA), is developed. The incorporation of BSA improves the hydrophilicity of the membrane surface, while also imparting antibacterial features to the electrospun BSA-PSF. Comparative analyses with pristine PSF membranes reveal that the pure water flux of the BSA-PSF membrane achieves a notable 65 LMH, surpassing the pristine PSF membrane’s flux of 45 LMH. Moreover, protein absorption is significantly reduced in the BSA-PSF membrane (40.6 <i>μ</i>g cm⁻²) compared to the unmodified PSF membrane (64.2 <i>μ</i>g cm⁻²). The establishment of a hydration layer near the surface, facilitated by hydrogen interactions between water units and the hydrophilic sulfonamide chains in the polymer, contributes to lower protein adsorption than observed in the pristine PSF membrane. Notably, the prepared BSA-PSF/PA membrane exhibits advanced surface hydrophilicity, commendable antibacterial properties, exceptional fouling resistance, and high water permeability. These attributes position it as a promising candidate for widespread applications in power generation and large-scale water treatment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3><p>BSA functionalized the electrospun PSF used as the PRO membrane’s thin-film support. The introduction of BSA to PSF improved the hydrophilicity, water flux, antibacterial properties, and fouling resistance of thin-film composite PRO membrane</p>\u0000","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methane Production and Nutrient Recovery After Applying Microwave Technology in Sewage Sludge Pretreatment","authors":"Ali Alhraishawi, Sukru Aslan, Mustafa Ozturk","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00589-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00589-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effect of microwave treatment on the disintegration of municipal activated sludge. Sludge samples underwent heating at a targeted temperature of 90 °C for 35 min, with a 5-min retention time. Soluble chemical oxygen demand, sugars, proteins, nitrogen, and phosphorus exhibited notable increases compared to untreated samples. Results indicate a substantial (42–45%) rise in CH₄ production during the anaerobic digestion process of the disintegrated sludge compared to the untreated counterpart CH₄ production was estimated using a transference model, which showed the best fit compared to other models. Further experimentation involved testing digested sludge with excess soluble NH₄–N and PO₄–P for the recovery of struvite at a 1.50/1/1 (Mg/N/P) ratio. The findings reveal that up to 90.1% and 90.4% of PO₄–P and NH₄–N, respectively, can be efficiently removed from the solution. Despite the increased CH₄ output, the energy recovered was insufficient to offset the electrical energy used by the microwave. There was a significant deterioration in sludge filter resistance due to the increase in fine particles and bound water after anaerobic digestion of the pretreated sludge.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air–Sea CO2 Exchange Over the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea","authors":"Mona Zarghamipour, Hossein Malakooti, Mohammad Hadi Bordbar","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00586-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00586-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are reshaping oceanic CO₂ uptake patterns. This study focuses on the crucial regions of the Arabian Sea, Red Sea, and Mediterranean Sea which are highly affected by human-caused climate change, aiming to unravel the complexities of air–sea CO₂ exchange dynamics. Understanding these processes is essential for predicting climate changes and assessing the health of marine ecosystems. In this context, a combination of observation-based data (Oc_v2020), and a multi-model ensemble of climate model simulations, were employed to explore the spatial and temporal variations in air–sea CO₂ flux (FCO₂) over these areas from 1982 to 2019. We implemented the Bayesian Model Averaging approach on the model outputs, resulting in a better representation of simulated CO₂ flux. Overall, climate models seem to underestimate the FCO₂ over the western Arabian Sea. We speculate that this model failure is attributed to the negative biased in vertical water velocity and the unrealistically representation of carbon release during coastal upwelling processes in the model. Our findings suggest that CO₂ source across the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, and the central region of the Mediterranean Sea has been reduced with a trend of − 0.494 ± 0.009, − 1.350 ± 0.001, and − 0.329 ± 0.074 gCm⁻² year⁻¹ decade⁻¹, respectively. In contrast, the CO₂ sink across the Western Mediterranean has been enhanced with a trend of − 0.793 ± 0.086 gCm⁻² year⁻¹ decade⁻¹. In general, change in the water temperature was recognized as the major contributor to the sea surface partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂). The exception was found in the Arabian Sea, where non-thermal effects play the major role. Our results show that the CO₂ flux variation is accompanied by regional changes in the sea surface pCO₂. Across the North Arabian Sea, FCO₂ is also correlated with the surface wind variability, which is likely due to the changes in wind-driven upwelling. In conclusion, our study advances the understanding of regional air–sea CO₂ exchange dynamics, emphasizing the need for improved model representation in areas with intense seasonal upwelling. The prominent changes in the Arabian Sea, underscore the immediate necessity for science-based management in this region to mitigate the impacts of human-induced global warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus Removal and Recovery During Microalgae-Based Wastewater Treatment: A Mini-review","authors":"Dinghao Yu, Luming Yan, Jingqi Shi, Yang Liu, Aimin Zhang, Yabo Wang, Yongkui Zhang, Tonghui Xie","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00590-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00590-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The depletion of phosphorus resources and the problem of environmental pollution are driving the advancement of traditional methods for wastewater treatment. Researchers have taken an interest in microalgae-based processes, which offer a sustainable approach by effectively converting phosphorus into biomass. To improve the environment and make better use of waste phosphorus resources, the efficiency of phosphorus removal by microalgae must be increased. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of phosphorus uptake by microalgae cells is valuable. This review outlines the typical microalgae systems used for phosphorus removal from wastewater. It summarizes the procedures of phosphorus surface adsorption, membrane transport, and intercellular utilization by microalgae. Additionally, this work analyzed the phenomena of excess phosphorus uptake and emerging organic phosphorus uptake by microalgae. Furthermore, the article examines the primary external factors that affect phosphorous removal. Lastly, this review proposes utilizing microalgal biomass phosphorus in fertilizer and transition metal phosphide catalysts. This review provides innovative approaches for removing phosphorus from wastewater and applying microalgal biomass phosphorus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}