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International Journal of Environment and Pollution最新文献

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CFD studies of pollutant spatial distribution in a large office 大型办公室污染物空间分布的CFD研究
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023402
N. Koutsourakis, J. Bartzis, G. Efthimiou, I. Sakellaris
{"title":"CFD studies of pollutant spatial distribution in a large office","authors":"N. Koutsourakis, J. Bartzis, G. Efthimiou, I. Sakellaris","doi":"10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023402","url":null,"abstract":"One of the goals of research on indoor air quality is the reduction of human exposure due to the dispersion of hazardous airborne materials. The purpose of this study is to analyse, by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the flow and the concentration patterns of floor-emitted pollutants inside a real, mechanically ventilated office of simple geometry. The simulation results show complex airflow and high heterogeneity of concentration distribution. Another objective of the study is to examine how alternative ventilation scenarios (vents' position and flow strength) could affect the human exposure in the same office. Furthermore, additional simulations and sensitivity tests are performed in order to discuss CFD reliability issues. Studies like this contribute to the determination of the parameters that influence the modelling results and prepare the ground for improved and more reliable future simulations of indoor pollutant dispersion.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41782145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A solution of the time-dependent advection-diffusion equation 随时间变化的平流扩散方程的一个解
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023408
T. Tirabassi, Everson Jonatha Gomes da Silva, D. Buske, M. T. Vilhena
{"title":"A solution of the time-dependent advection-diffusion equation","authors":"T. Tirabassi, Everson Jonatha Gomes da Silva, D. Buske, M. T. Vilhena","doi":"10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023408","url":null,"abstract":"We present an analytical solution that considers time dependence in the wind profile and the eddy diffusivity. The solution accepts any profiles of wind and eddy coefficient diffusions in a limited planetary boundary layer. The solution is based on the idea of a decomposition method upon expanding the pollutant concentration in a truncated series. This produces a set of recursive equations whose solutions are known. Each equation of this set is solved by the generalised integral Laplace transform technique (GILTT) method. The solution's ability to represent real situations was checked, comparing model predictions with the over-land along-wind dispersion (OLAD) experimental dataset.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parameterisation study of chemically reactive pollutant dispersion over idealised urban areas based on the Gaussian plume model 基于高斯羽流模型的理想城区化学反应性污染物扩散的参数化研究
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023401
Zhangquan Wu, C. Liu
{"title":"Parameterisation study of chemically reactive pollutant dispersion over idealised urban areas based on the Gaussian plume model","authors":"Zhangquan Wu, C. Liu","doi":"10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023401","url":null,"abstract":"Dispersion of pollutants emitted from vehicles over urban areas largely affects pedestrian-level air quality. In this study, turbulent dispersion of reactive pollutants in the ABL over hypothetical urban areas in the form of idealised street canyons is investigated using large-eddy simulation (LES). Nitric oxide (NO) is emitted from the first street canyon into the urban ABL doped with ozone (O3). First of all, we make use of the advection-diffusion equation with chemical kinetics to derive the theoretical relation between the dispersion coefficients of tracer and reactive pollutants. Next, the source depletion analogy is used to determine the plume shape instead of the conventional Gaussian plume model. Finally, regression to the LES output unveils that the vertical dimensionless NO concentration profiles exhibit self-similarity for a range of background O3 concentrations. A new parameterisation of reactive plume dispersion over urban areas, whose performance is remarkable over the mean plume rise, is thus suggested.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49257903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On the comparison of urban canopy effects parameterisation 城市冠层效应参数化比较研究
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023405
T. Halenka, M. Belda, P. Huszár, J. Karlický, T. Nováková, M. Žák
{"title":"On the comparison of urban canopy effects parameterisation","authors":"T. Halenka, M. Belda, P. Huszár, J. Karlický, T. Nováková, M. Žák","doi":"10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEP.2019.10023405","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the impact of cities on climate, modelling is used with inclusion of urban parameterisation which is important when applying higher resolution. It is essential to assess uncertainties of urban effect parameterisations. To estimate this we performed experiments with available settings of urban canopy models over central Europe for 2001-2010. We have used RegCM4 and WRF in 10 km resolution, three surface schemes and five urban canopy parameterisations available. Selected WRF options were tested for urbanised weather prediction in 3 km resolution to show the effect in a single extreme case study. Urban heat island was detected in all simulations, for summer night the strongest on average was a few °C. We demonstrate that for cities like Prague it can in extremes approach 5°C, for larger city such as Budapest it is 8°C. In weather prediction mode, WRF model captured these effects in a single heat wave with selected parameterisations well.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41270389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Analysis of regional climate model simulations for Central Europe as a potential tool to assess weather-related air quality conditions 分析中欧区域气候模式模拟，作为评估与天气有关的空气质量状况的潜在工具
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijep.2019.10026239
I. Pieczka, R. Pongrácz, C. Németh, Tímea Kalmár
{"title":"Analysis of regional climate model simulations for Central Europe as a potential tool to assess weather-related air quality conditions","authors":"I. Pieczka, R. Pongrácz, C. Németh, Tímea Kalmár","doi":"10.1504/ijep.2019.10026239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10026239","url":null,"abstract":"Potentially adverse air quality is discussed via its relation to wind conditions and boundary layer thickness. The main goal of the study is to evaluate different RegCM simulations for 1981–1990, driven by either reanalysis data or global climate model output. Wind speed, temperature, planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and the Holst stagnation index are analysed and compared to the reference data. Wind is overestimated throughout the year. Temperature is overestimated in the plain areas, whereas underestimated in the mountains. The PBL height is generally overestimated and substantial differences are identified between the RegCM4.5 and RegCM4.3 simulations. Consequently, these result in substantial underestimations of the Holst stagnation index and of the frequency of potentially adverse air quality, although the annual cycles are reproduced well. In order to prepare reliable projections, the testing of different model setups must be continued, especially changing the Holtslag scheme to a different PBL parameterisation scheme.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66800079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Current trends in nanotechnology for bioremediation 纳米技术用于生物修复的当前趋势
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJEP.2020.10023170
Stephen Rathinaraj Benjamin, F. D. Lima, E. Florean, M. Guedes
{"title":"Current trends in nanotechnology for bioremediation","authors":"Stephen Rathinaraj Benjamin, F. D. Lima, E. Florean, M. Guedes","doi":"10.1504/IJEP.2020.10023170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEP.2020.10023170","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology is an emerging field to produce nano-scale products with more efficient reactivity and larger surface area than its bulk phase. These unique attributes of nanoparticles offer immense potential for their application to clean up petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, and metal-contaminated sites. As compared to the conventional physicochemical methods of remediation of contaminated sites, the bioremediation has been drawing increasing attention due to its economic, eco-friendly and self-propelling attributes. Nanoparticles (NPs) can be either applied directly for removal of organic contaminants through adsorption or chemical modification. They can also serve as a facilitator in microbial remediation of contaminants either by immobilising or through the induced production of remediating microbial enzymes. The present review provides an overview of different types of nano-technologies with biological and plant-based bioremediation approaches.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"66 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
An approach for selection of solid waste disposal sites by rapid impact assessment matrix and environmental performance index analysis 基于快速影响评价矩阵和环境绩效指标分析的固体废物处置场地选择方法
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijep.2019.10026236
Nekram Rawal
{"title":"An approach for selection of solid waste disposal sites by rapid impact assessment matrix and environmental performance index analysis","authors":"Nekram Rawal","doi":"10.1504/ijep.2019.10026236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10026236","url":null,"abstract":"The selection of landfill sites for disposal of municipal solid waste is an important challenge for the engineering system. In this study, selection procedure of an appropriate landfill site among the four landfill sites for disposal of waste in Allahabad (India) is highlighted. A questionnaire comprising physical/chemical, biological/ecological, social/cultural and economic/operational aspects was prepared. A survey was conducted among the residents near all four landfill sites. The responses were analysed with a rapid impact assessment matrix tool to quantify the intangible effects in terms of environmental score. Environmental performance index (EPI) was also computed for all four sites to intelligibly ascertain the efficacy of each solid waste disposal facility. The results revealed that Ganja landfill site was the best site as compared with the other sites. The EPI of Kareli, Alopibagh, Phaphamau and Ganja sites was –110.315, –123.541, –98.867 and –54.586, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Advanced algorithms for studying the impact of climate changes on ozone levels in the atmosphere 研究气候变化对大气中臭氧水平影响的先进算法
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijep.2019.10026237
Z. Zlatev, I. Dimov, I. Faragó, K. Georgiev, Ágnes Havasi
{"title":"Advanced algorithms for studying the impact of climate changes on ozone levels in the atmosphere","authors":"Z. Zlatev, I. Dimov, I. Faragó, K. Georgiev, Ágnes Havasi","doi":"10.1504/ijep.2019.10026237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10026237","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of the increased temperature on some pollution levels is studied by developing climate scenarios and by running them on a period of 16 consecutive years. The mathematical model used in the experiments is a system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) and the space domain contains the whole of Europe together with some of its surroundings. Difficult computational problems arise after the direct discretisation of the spatial derivatives in the equations. The enormous computational problems can be treated successfully only by resolving five important tasks: 1) applying accurate and efficient numerical algorithms; 2) selecting an appropriate splitting procedure; 3) developing parallel codes; 4) using high-speed computers; 5) exploiting well the cache memories of the parallel computers. Numerical results will be presented in order to illustrate both the efficiency of the code and the fact that the future climate changes will result in consistent increase of some pollution levels.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66800020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Independent analysis of time-varying hydrogen cyanide gas exposures on rats using toxic load-based modelling 使用毒性负荷模型对大鼠时变氰化氢气体暴露进行独立分析
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijep.2019.10026621
Alexander Slawik, James B. Silva, Kevin C. Axelrod, J. Urban, N. Platt
{"title":"Independent analysis of time-varying hydrogen cyanide gas exposures on rats using toxic load-based modelling","authors":"Alexander Slawik, James B. Silva, Kevin C. Axelrod, J. Urban, N. Platt","doi":"10.1504/ijep.2019.10026621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10026621","url":null,"abstract":"The US Defence Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) sponsored a two-year set of experiments, conducted in 2012 and 2013, that were designed and executed by the US Army's Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC) and the Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton (NAMRU-D) to explore time-varying inhalation exposures of hydrogen cyanide gas on rats. Our analysis, detailed in a separate paper, finds that a single set of fitted parameters for the toxic load model (i.e., the toxic load exponent n, probit slope m, and median lethal exposure TL50) cannot accurately model the single exposure experimental data across the experiments' full range of time from 2.3 to 30 minutes but can on the longer timescales of 10 to 30 minutes. However, none of the toxic load models that we considered fits the experimental data for the novel, time-varying exposures well, with the average concentration and Griffiths-Megson models providing the least inaccurate casualty predictions.","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66800198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assaying SARIMA and generalised regularised regression for particulate matter PM10 modelling and forecasting 基于SARIMA和广义正则化回归的颗粒物PM10模型和预测
IF 0.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
International Journal of Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijep.2019.10026235
A. Ivanov, Snezhana Gocheva Ilieva
{"title":"Assaying SARIMA and generalised regularised regression for particulate matter PM10 modelling and forecasting","authors":"A. Ivanov, Snezhana Gocheva Ilieva","doi":"10.1504/ijep.2019.10026235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2019.10026235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14072,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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