Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparing trait-state anxiety as well as positive and negative affect among obese and normal women (Ahvaz city, Iran, 2017)","authors":"S. Mousavi, S. Rajabi, Z. Ebadi, Marzieh Mashalpoorefard","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.194","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Obesity leads to a wide range of problems. Hence, this research was conducted to compare the trait-state anxiety as well as positive and negative affect in obese and normal women. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed in eight sports clubs within the time period of 2017 to 2018 in Ahvaz. To do this, a sample of 200 women, who referred to sports clubs was selected by the convenience sampling method. The tools included the positive and negative affect scale and the Spielberg’s state-trait anxiety inventory. The data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 23), the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: According to the results, the multivariate analysis of variance at the level of P<0.001 showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the obese and normal women. The difference was in terms of trait anxiety (normal, 39.27±9.23; obese, 46.73±8.73), state anxiety (normal, 38.20±8.62; obese, 47.07±8.01), positive affect (normal, 42.15±6.12; obese, 38.40±7.69), and negative affect (normal, 23.35±5.98; obese, 30.12±7.04). Conclusion: In this study, the data analysis showed that negative affect and positive affect were different in the two groups. Moreover, the obese women had a higher negative attitude than the normal women. In addition, the results demonstrated that trait-state anxiety was different in obese and normal individuals. Our results indicate that obese people are more anxious than normal people.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117000881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making a more comprehensive Persian version of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA-p) scale; The Perspectives of Experts and MS patients","authors":"R. Vazirinejad","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.209","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: After all efforts made to introduce a valid and reliable tool for measuring the health of patients, such as MS sufferers, the concept of “participation and autonomy”, which might be affected by the disease, has been introduced. An efficient health measurement should consider all different aspects of a patient’s life. This research was conducted aimed at introducing a new aspect of the individual’s life that seems necessary to be added to the health measurement scale of Persian-speaking MS patients. Materials and methods: In a comprehensive study, 10 specialists and 360 MS patients were recruited to help measure the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the impact on participation and autonomy (IPA) scale. More details are provided in the published paper. An important section of the findings derived from the data collected from experts and patients has been presented in this paper. Results: Further to the previous reports, the results showed that about 70% of the experts and 80% of the patients who responded to the relevant items stated that some questions should be added to the scale about the patients’ ability to do their religious affairs. Conclusion: Based on what the experts (specialists) and respondents (MS patients) stated, it seems that at least a religious domain must be added to the Persian version of the IPA (IPA-p) scale if a more comprehensive IPA scale is required to be developed for the use among Persian-speaking patients.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123070788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comet assay as a sensitive technique in occupational health studies; A literature review","authors":"Z. Singh","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.240","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Occupational health is a sensitive field in many countries where occupational exposure needs attention due to the lack of awareness. Several businesses, including leather, textile, iron, steel, and dyeing industries use a variety of mutagenic and genotoxic chemicals. Exposure to these chemicals may pose serious health risks, including genetic damage to workers. Comet assay is a technique that has been extensively used in assessing DNA damage in such workers. Materials and methods: The literature search was done using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Some studies were found reporting the use of comet assay as a sensitive and useful technique in assessing genetic damage in occupationally exposed workers. These studies have been presented in this paper to emphasize the importance and propriety of comet assay in assessing the genetic impact of hazardous exposures. Result: Having gone through the available reports, the author of this paper found comet assay as a useful biotechnological technique in the field of occupational biomonitoring. This technique is a sensitive and cheap method for assessing genotoxicity. Conclusion: Comet assay can be used as a reliable technique to quantify the impact of genotoxicants in the form of DNA damage at a single-cell level. This assay can be considered as a sensitive parameter whenever health assessment studies are to be designed.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125519234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences among official statistics of mortality rates in Iran","authors":"Mehran Rostami, B. Nazparvar, S. Rezaeian","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.192","url":null,"abstract":"Death indicators and causes of death are both closely associated with socio-cultural, economic, and structural factors and determinants of health, with all of which being at the core of the planning, monitoring, and assessment of intervention programs in any healthcare system (1). In Iran, the diagnosis and official registration of deaths are carried out by two independent organizations. These two organizations are medical universities, which are under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME), and the Forensic Medicine Organization (FMO), which is under the supervision of the Judiciary. The death registration system (DRS) managed by the MoHME suffers from several shortcomings, including inconsistency in DRS administration, the duplicate recording and misclassification of deaths, geographical misalignment, the incompleteness of records, and missing values (2). Given the shortcomings mentioned, the inaccuracy and duplication of the official statistics of the mortality rate throughout the country are probable on the part of different official sources. In this review, an outline of some of the cases with considerable differences between the mortality statistics registered by the MoHME and by the FMO has been presented. Because of the importance of death events and the respective consequences, the legislator has assigned tasks, such as the issuance of death certificates and the determining of the causes of some deaths, to the FMO, under the following conditions: a) For all cases mentioned in Table 1, a death certificate will be issued by a forensic physician. b) For the cases of death that occur less than 24 hours after the admission of the patient to the hospital, the forensic physician issues a death certificate. c) For the cases of death occurring more than 24 hours after the admission of the patient to the hospital, the hospital physician issues a death certificate after consulting with the forensic physician. Citation: Rostami M, Nazparvar B, Rezaeian Sh. Differences among official statistics of mortality rates in","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122767344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying the toxicity of molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles in male Wister rats","authors":"Majid Akhondipour, A. Zarandi, Asghar Amirri, Nasser Gommnami, R. Vazirinejad","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.233","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the spread of nanotechnology, various nanoparticles with new and emerging properties have been produced and the potential toxic effects of the majority of these particles remains still unknown. The present study was conducted to determine the toxicity of Molybdenum Trioxide nanoparticles in blood and body tissues of male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty Wistar rats with an average weight of 200±10 g were included in the present experimental study; the rats were divided into three groups of control, low dose intervention and high dose intervention. Nano-trioxide molybdenum was injected at 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight for 28 days; then, blood samples and rats organs were collected to measure the molybdenum content. Molybdenum concentration was measured by atomic absorption method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 20) and appropriate statistical methods including one-way ANOVA were used in order to compare the mean of blood variables among the groups. Results: The results showed that decreasing hematocrit (p <0.001), hemoglobin (p <0.001), and red and white blood cells (p <0.01) in rates receiving 10 mg of Molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles was significantly higher than that among rates in the other two groups. The mean degradation of molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles in the liver and kidneys was significantly higher than the heart and stomach (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles at high concentrations had a more toxic effect on blood and serum parameters in comparison with the low concentrations.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116357954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediator role of social phobia in the association between resiliency and job performance among nurses of Ali Ibn Abi Taleb hospital of Rafsanjan, Iran (2017)","authors":"Zahra Shikhakbari, Mohamad Ziaadini","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.4.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.4.227","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Due to its professional nature, nursing is a very difficult, stressful, and phobia-orienting occupation. Social phobia, after depression, is the most important mental problem in today's world, and it affects the quality of life of nurses. The present study was conducted to determine the mediator role of social phobia in the association between resiliency and job performance among nurses of Ali Ibn Abi Taleb hospital of Rafsanjan in 2017. Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive and an applied study. According to Cochran formula, 174 nurses were selected by random sampling method; three standardized questionnaires (resiliency, job performance and social phobia), all of which had acceptable validity and reliability, were used to collect required data. Structural equation modeling of minimum squares method, Smart PLS and SPSS (version 20) were used to analyze the data. Results: Results showed that resilience had a significant effect on job performance (p <0.05), however, the effect of social phobia on job performance was not significant. Therefore, social phobia does not mediate the association between resilience and job performance. Conclusion: Resilience could lead to a significant decrease in social phobia; on the other hand, it increases job performance. Therefore, it seems that strengthening different psychological aspects in nurses, such as flexibility and controlling social phobia, helps their lives in the workplace and increases job performance.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131121433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with malignant skin tumors among patients referred to Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan, Iran, (2011-2013)","authors":"T. Eslammanesh, Zahra Mohit, M. Rezaeian, Sina Amoozgar","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.3.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.3.139","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Malignant skin tumors are of the most common types of cancers worldwide. Rafsanjan County, Iran, is geographically located in a warm and arid area. In addition, due to farming activity, a large population of this county is exposed to sunlight. The present study aimed at to determine factors associated with malignant skin tumors among patients referred to Ali-ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan, Iran, (2011-2013). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, medical records and histologic slides of patients referring to the pathology department of Ali-ebn Abi Taleb hospital in Rafsanjan during the years 2011-2013, with a definitive diagnosis of malignant skin tumors, were extracted. The slides were reviewed to determine the subtypes of each tumor type. A researcher-made checklist including demographic characteristics, tumor type, and subtypes was completed, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Of 70 patients, 69 patients had a single tumor and 1 patient had 2 skin lesions. There were 71 cases of malignant skin tumors, including 87.3%, 9.9%, and 2.8% cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, respectively. The ratio of men to women in total skin tumors was 1.7 to 1. 48.6% of patients consisted of farmers. The most frequent cites for BCC and SCC were head and neck with frequency of 96.8% and 85.7%, respectively, and for melanoma, lower limb with frequency of 100%, was the most frequent cite. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that skin cancer was more common among older men and farmers. It is recommended that training and screening programs be carried out to reduce risk factors, and prevent and detect these tumor types, especially among at-risk groups.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115301772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between occupational burnout and personality dimensions among physicians working in hospitals of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2016","authors":"M. Mirzabeigi, P. A. Hasani, M. Sheikhfathollahi, M. Mokhtaree","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.3.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.3.153","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: Occupational burnout is an emotional response to chronic occupational stress. The aim of this study was determine the rate of occupational burnout among physicians working in Rafsanjan University hospitals Rafsanjan, Iran, and its correlation with personality dimensions: 2016. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and correlational study, 161 physicians were recruited using the census method. After obtaining informed consent, respondents filled in the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression. Results: Gender, age, and working experience did not have a significant association with occupational burnout (P > 0.050). Moreover, 16 (9.9%), 139 (86.3%), and 6 (3.7%) of the physicians had low, moderate, and high occupational burnout, respectively. The mean score of emotional fatigue of women (P = 0.015) and individuals aged 35-50 years (P = 0.400) was higher. The association of job burnout was significant and inverse with all dimensions of personality and significant with the personality dimension of neuroticism (P < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that 23.8% of occupational burnout was predictable by the personality dimension of extroversion [P = 0.021]. Conclusions: Ninety percent of the physicians had moderate to severe occupational burnout that was related to some personality dimensions. Since doctors play an important role in promoting community health, it seems necessary that trustee organizations, while investigating the factors affecting occupational burnout and trying to improve the status quo, use personality assessment as part of the appointment and organization process.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121208830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between occupational ethics and job engagement with the mediating role of career adaptability among employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran (2017-2018)","authors":"E. S. Damirchi, Ghaffar Karimianpour, A. Kiani","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.3.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.3.160","url":null,"abstract":"Article Info Background: This study investigated the association between occupational ethics and job engagement with the mediating role of career adaptability among employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran, in 2017-2018 academic years. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of Ardebil University of Medical Sciences (300 people), of which 160 employees were selected by simple random sampling method. Work ethics, job engagement questionnaire, and career adapt-abilities scale were used for data collection. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used by SPSS software, and Lisrel software was also applied to examine the appropriateness of conceptual model of research. Results: Based on our findings, the direct effect of work ethics on job engagement was significant (P < 0.05) with beta 0.41, on career adaptability with beta 0.30, and also the career adaptability showed a direct effect on job engagement with beta 0.24. The mediating role of the career adaptability in the association between work ethics and job engagement was statistically significant with the beta 0.07 (P < 0.05(. Conclusions: we concluded that work ethics and career adaptability are significant variables in association with job engagement in Ardabil medical university employees, and it might be taken into consideration among managers.","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128930646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and pathology of plagiarism (2)","authors":"R. Vazirinejad","doi":"10.29252/JOHE.7.3.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JOHE.7.3.130","url":null,"abstract":"No doubt that the bright future of higher education systems is being threatened worldwide by the growing trend of research misconduct (RM) and its faith depends on our act against it. RM as a pandemic scientific damage has turned to a complicated phenomenon and its remedy needs global determination. As I have mentioned before (1), as long as the main target of publication, at least for many academic people, is producing a paper, as it has been claimed (2), so many deviations could easily happen by those academic people who do not have any fidelity to ethics considerations. These people are not the right people to work in the academic places, and in particular, in the educational ones. But, the question remains: how could it have been possible for such people to be recruited in the academic organizations in the first place. This situation gets even worse, when their position is uprgaded as a result of their illegal behavior. In turn this also increases their chances to become leaders of different sectors. These sectors (such as the Research Centre or a Medical School) become the arena for piracy of plagiarism and this nasty cycle of deficiency continues to spread. Now imagine, we are faced with an infected university or a bigger academic organization, which is not even after a cure. After a while there will be a disastrous situation. However, in industry or other fields that people could sell what they make based on the results of their research called a “product”, it is not easy to create products based on fake results! But we are concerned about the fake results in the medical universities, which most of them at last often are converted to papers. Notwithstanding, it seems like in some academic organizations, there must be a sort of mechanism which may not be able to control all the process of recruiting faculty members. In some countries (in particular, developed countries), people who want to work in universities should be qualified enough, in terms of the ethics as well as scientific knowledge and experience in order to land the job. Whereas, in some developing countries, it’s not that rigid for the applicants to have a permanent academic job. The situation gets even worse when we know most often it’s not easy to let off such people, afterward!! It is a sad reality and ridiculous. Now what should the countries facing these situations do with such people after they root? Although, at the beginning they only consist of a very small proportion of the academic staff, but their disorder can be very contagious! My experience shows that these people have a severe tendency to generously share their fake “works” with others!! They readily add your name to the list of the fake paper authors! (They bite you!, it reminds me of scary Zombies (3), \"Academic Zombies\"!) Unfortunately, they have few wrongful objectives. For instance, after a while, many academic staff become ‘abettor’ and so it is not possible to comply even if they witness an ethical problem","PeriodicalId":140710,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122736628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}