Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR最新文献

{"title":"A Shellfish Manifesto for Sequestering Atmospheric Carbon in Quantity","authors":"D. Moore","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127749658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil, Runoff Water Contaminated with Agrochemicals, their Relationship in Fruits (Passiflora ligularis) Oxapampa-Pasco","authors":"Benito Philemon Buendía Quispe","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1082","url":null,"abstract":"It was investigated in the district of Oxapampa, a place of high production of granadilla, where it was observed that farmers frequently use pesticides, they are protagonists of contaminating the soil, runoff water and that it is directly related to the quality of the fruit. The objective was to evaluate the relationship of soil and runoff water, in the concentration of heavy metals in fruits of (Passiflora ligularis), in the sectors; del Abra (Ab), Chacos (Ch), Quillazú (Qll), Acuzazú (Ac), Cañera (Ca), San Alberto (SA), Alto Río Pisco (ARP) and Paraíso (Pa). The Non-experimental and Correlative Design was used. The concentration correlation of As, Hg, Cd, Cu and Pb found in samples collected from soil and water from production fields of three groups (ABC) of farmers, as well as their relationship with the contamination of the fruits was determined. Whose results: Soil-Fruit: Determination index R 2 = (0.013 (As), 0.1348(Hg), 0.1189 (Pb), 0.0079 (Cd) and 0.1577 (Cu)). Runoff water- Fruit: R 2 = (0.109 (As), 0.1586 (Hg), 0.0005 (Pb), 0.0197 (Cd) and 0.0065 (Cu)); statistically it indicates that there is no linear correlation. interpreting for each unit in mg/Kg of each heavy metal that takes the independent variable of contaminated soil and water, there is an increase or decrease in the concentration of metals in the fruit, according to values of the angular coefficient in mg/Kg (As, Hg, Pb, Cd and Cu), according to Pearson, significance (α=0.05) was higher, accepting the null hypothesis, rejecting the alternative hypothesis. Conclusion: the concentrations of heavy metals found in the production fields do not statistically influence the concentration of metals in the fruits.","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129323097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic Practices to Improve Water Use Efficiency","authors":"C. Pimentel","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1081","url":null,"abstract":"Water scarcity, which already occurs for more than a billion people worldwide, will worsen further, and the water supply available for future generations, especially for use in agriculture, will be increasingly restricted (FAO, 2017). Above all, in arid and semi-arid regions, irrigated agriculture uses more than 70 to 80% of the total water available and is essential to increase food production in these regions, where the population is rapidly increasing (TURNER, 2004) [1]. The world’s population in 2004 was more than 6,000,000, of which around 5,000,000 were in developing countries, and 20% of this population has remained undernourished since the 1990s [2]. For this time, water management in agriculture, in the current era of scarcity, should be engaged to implement water use efficiency (WUE), spending fewer resources and producing less expensive plant protein [3,4]. In the past, during the post-war “green revolution”, the paradigm of agriculture was to modify the environment (heavy fertilization, irrigation, and mechanization, with energy expenditure) to adapt it to the plant, with the generation of so-called high-yield varieties (HYVs), with high harvest index (HI: Dry Weight [DW] of the organ harvested. plant DW-1), for mechanized harvesting and responsive to the application of fertilizers, which were cheap at the time [1], but less adapted to the stresses, which was mitigated by energy expenditure, in irrigation and mechanization, and fertilizers applied [5]. For example, in grasses, the induction of progressive tillering, as occurs in the millet and sorghum, is one of the mechanisms of escape from environmental stresses because each inflorescence will have a different period of fertilization increasing the chances of producing some viable panicles [5]. However, this characteristic would prevent mechanized harvesting, but small farmers in marginal areas of agriculture do not use mechanic harvesting. Marginal agriculture areas are frequently subjected to environmental stresses and have soils with poor nutrient content [3]. In the past, during the green revolution, it was always a characteristic undesirable for plant breeding programs to improve yield. In addition, the increase in HI was often obtained with a reduction of volume and root area, which is very important to implement the WUE [6]. Therefore, the genetic basis for the environmental adaptation of the most improved crop by man, such as maize, has been dramatically diminished. After the oil and energy crisis in the 1970s, the paradigm of agriculture has become to modify the plant to adapt it to the environment, with WUE, generating varieties with Low Technological Cost (LCVs) for agricultural production (Figure 1). This adaptation to environmental stresses can also be found in local landraces used by the small farmers living in marginal areas for agriculture, which needs to be better studied and recommended to increase food safety in these areas [3].","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123468254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Sustainable Strategy for Reuse Agriculture Soil Impacted by A Mixture of Hydrocarbons","authors":"Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1079","url":null,"abstract":"In world agriculture; such as the one implemented in Mexico; the use of fossil fuels in machinery for soil preparation and harvesting of an agricultural crop is common. As a result; waste residual oil (WMO) is generated in that sese agricultural soil impacted by 80;000 ppm of WMO exceeds the limit of 4;400 ppm of hydrocarbons according to Mexican environmental regulation NOM-138-SEMARNAT/SS-2003 (NOM-138). WMO causes loss of fertility and environmental pollution. A sustainable strategy of solution is biostimulation and phytoremediation. The aims of this research were: i) Biostimulation of an agricultural soil impacted by 80;000 ppm WMO then by ii) Phytoremediation sowing H. annuus inoculated with B. vietnamiensis and P. polymyxa to reduce WMO at concentration value below the NOM-138 maximum. The variable-response variables of WMO bioelimination from an agricultural soil were: initial and final WMO concentration by Soxhlet; phenology and biomass of H. annuus with B. vietnamiensis and P. polymyxa. Experimental data were validated by ANOVA/Tukey HSD P<0.05 %. The results indicate that biostimulation and phytoremediation sowing H. annus with B. vietnamiensis and P. polymyxa were effective in reducing WMO concentration from 80;000 ppm to 1000 ppm; a value below the maximum limit of NOM-138 an evidence of soil bioremediation. It is concluded that a sustainable strategy to recover the agricultural productivity of a soil impacted by mixture of hydrocarbons It is possible by exploiting the natural microbial heterotrophic aerobic capacity that in combination with plants that tolerate and mineralize hydrocarbon mixtures such as WMO.","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131880438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Arrhenius Approach and the Effects of Anthropogenic Heat on the Temperature of the Earth´s Surface","authors":"F. Castro Rego","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125887973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building an Inclusive Value Chain: Gender Participation in Cassava Marketing and Processing in Nigeria","authors":"Joseph J. Molnar","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1078","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigerian cassava value chain shows different gender roles for men and women in marketing and processing activities. Women are typically found in the less profitable work and at the bottom of the value chain because of their position in the labor market. This study identifies farm and individual factors that shape gender participation in various phases of the cassava value chain and measures gender differences in the marketing and processing phases of the cassava value chain. The study draws from the survey of 4 geopolitical zones in Nigeria conducted by IITA in 2010 that surveyed 952 respondents consisting of 221 women. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequencies, mean, range, and standard deviation and inferential tools like t-test, chi-square, correlation, and multiple linear regression to test the hypotheses. We draw from the sustainable livelihood approach for the theoretical framework. The analysis indicated that more women were involved in the marketing phase than men, while more men were in the processing node than women. Additionally, producing cassava now, land allocated to cassava farming, level of education, marital status, and household size registered correlation with the index of participation in marketing. However, only household size registered a weak correlation with the index of participation in processing.","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123738350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Enclosed Plant Terrarium is a Renewable Source of an Aqueous f Form of Hybrid-Plasma","authors":"Benjamin J Scherlag","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1077","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In previous reports we described a newly discovered non-thermal plasma formed without input of external energy. Moreover, this Hybrid- plasma consisted of the gas/water combination. In the present study we used the gaseous form to produce a mainly aqueous Hybrid-plasma. Methods: A dehumidifier was activated and placed in a sealed plastic container holding twelve broad leaf plants in which maximum levels of ion counts and humidity had been registered indicative of the presence of Hybrid-plasma gas. After 24 hours, the device was removed and 100-125 cc of water was collected. When the ion counts and humidity returned, to initial levels in the plant container the water extraction process was repeated (n=7). Protocol 1: Cut flowers of pink carnations were obtained from a local garden center. Two beakers were filled with either 150 cc of distilled water or dehumidified water. Branches with buds starting to flower were photographed daily for 10 days. Protocol 2: Distilled water, 150 cc was placed in snap cover plastic containers (n=5). Another set of 5 were similarly filled with the dehumidified water. Both sets were instrumented with hygrometers. Results: After dehumidifying, the percent changes of the ion count and humidity values from starting levels averaged 36% and 41%, in the enclosed plant terrarium respectively. After 24 hours the ion count was restored to maximum levels and humidity registered close to 90% after 7 iterations. After 10 days the bud in tap water had blossomed into a full grown flower, buds in Hybrid-water was essentially the same as at the start of the study. After 24hours humidity in all plastic containers with dehumidified water registered 99% whereas the humidity in the distilled water containers ranged from 89-92%. Conclusions: The aqueous form of Hybrid-plasma can be extracted from a gaseous form by using a dehumidifier. Flower buds grown in Hybrid-water fail to bloom whereas those in tap water blossomed over the same time period. Placed in a sealed container, Hybrid water uniformly registered maximum levels (99%, n=7); Distilled water values ranged from 89-92%.","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131052258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saline Soils Salinity situation in Cuba","authors":"Alexander Miranda Caballero","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116309000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Report of Possible Anticipation of Earthquakes from Geomagnetic Studies Water Level and Atmospheric Pressure in the South Atlantic","authors":"Arecco Ma","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1076","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a brief summary of studies carried out in the southwestern Atlantic, based on the analysis of disturbances in the earth’s Geomagnetic Field (GMF), Water Level (WL) and sea-level Atmospheric Pressure (AP) associated with seismic events. GMF records from observatories of the International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET), WL records from tide stations of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), and hourly AP records from databases of the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have been analyzed in the area under study. A comparative table is presented between the frequencies of the GMF wavelet transform analysis, filtered WL records and variation in the AP grids at sea level before and after the earthquakes. It is possible to observe different degrees of approximation in each of the variables regarding the occurrence of earthquakes. For example, in the case of the CMF, some high-intensity seismic events show anomalous frequencies some hours before the earthquake. On the other hand, the WL filtered by astronomical tide, account for the seismic event along the seacoast with a correspondence between wave amplitude and distance to the nearest ports. AP grids account for a dipole type configuration in the distribution of the pressure difference around the earthquake. On the other hand, the time series of atmospheric pressure at ocean level show a local minimum in a range of hours around the occurrence of the event.","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124724389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limiting Factors in the Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Rice Cultivation in Cuba","authors":"Alexander Miranda Caballero","doi":"10.54026/esecr/1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54026/esecr/1075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":140386,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences and Ecology: Current Research (ESECR","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132747336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}