International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture最新文献

{"title":"Review on field assisted metal additive manufacturing","authors":"Chaolin Tan ,&nbsp;Runsheng Li ,&nbsp;Jinlong Su ,&nbsp;Dafan Du ,&nbsp;Yang Du ,&nbsp;Bonnie Attard ,&nbsp;Youxiang Chew ,&nbsp;Haiou Zhang ,&nbsp;Enrique J. Lavernia ,&nbsp;Yves Fautrelle ,&nbsp;Jie Teng ,&nbsp;Anping Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) offers unprecedented design freedom and manufacturing flexibility for processing complex components. Despite the numerous advantages of AM over conventional manufacturing methods, there are still some issues and bottlenecks that hinder the wide-scale industrial adaptation of AM techniques. The emerging field-assisted additive manufacturing (FAAM) is a designation that combines different auxiliary energy fields (e.g., ultrasound, magnetism, etc.) to overcome limitations in AM by benefiting from the intrinsic advantages of auxiliary fields. This work provides an up-to-date and dedicated review of FAAM in metallic materials, assisted by mainstream auxiliary magnetic, acoustic, mechanical, and thermal fields, as well as some emerging fields. The work principle and interaction mechanism between the field and the deposited metallic materials are elucidated. FAAM processes simulation and modelling are also reviewed. The auxiliary fields can affect the melt pool convection and dynamics, alter the temperature profile and thermal history during material solidification and induce stress or plastic deformation to the deposited materials. Hence, the effects of the auxiliary fields on the melt pool dynamics, solidification kinetics, densification behaviour, microstructure and texture, mechanical properties and fatigue performance are reviewed and discussed in detail. The perspectives on the research gap and further development trends of FAAM are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 104032"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49864692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gradient microstructure and prominent performance of wire-arc directed energy deposited magnesium alloy via laser shock peening","authors":"Xinzhi Li,&nbsp;Xuewei Fang,&nbsp;Mugong Zhang,&nbsp;Hongkai Zhang,&nbsp;Yusong Duan,&nbsp;Ke Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wire-arc directed energy deposition (DED) has attracted significant interest for the fabrication of large-sized, lightweight Mg-alloy components. However, these components generally exhibit poor mechanical properties and limited corrosion resistance owing to their inherent residual stress and non-equilibrium microstructures. Herein, laser shock peening (LSP) was adopted to successfully modify the stress state and microstructure of AZ31 Mg-alloy fabricated using wire-arc DED. The influence of LSP on the residual stress, mechanical properties, electrochemical behaviour, and microstructural evolution was systematically investigated. The experimental results indicate that, compared with the as-built specimen, the performance of the LSP-treated specimen was notable, with a ≈63.8% decrease in the corrosion current density and ≈30% and ≈13% decreases in the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength, respectively. The enhanced corrosion resistance can be attributed to the LSP-induced compressive residual stress, nanograins, and nanoparticles. Nanocrystallisation, particle refinement, dense mechanical twins (MTs), and planar dislocation arrays (PDAs) jointly contributed to the enhancement of the YS. The LSP-induced nanocrystallisation was rationalized by the accumulation of PDAs, the intersection of multiple nano-MTs, and the transformation of nano-MTs blocks into sub-grains and then into nanograins owing to continuous dynamic recrystallisation. The particle refinement mechanism involved dislocation proliferation and the development of dislocation slip bands, which eventually led to fragmentation and separation. Therefore, this study introduces a LSP post-treatment technology for the residual stress regulation, microstructural modification, and performance enhancement of Mg alloys fabricated using wire-arc DED. Based on the ability of LSP to tailor the microstructure and performance of Mg alloys, a novel method of wire-arc DED with online LSP treatment is proposed. This method can achieve in-situ surface strengthening and the integrated formation of large-sized components with complex geometries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 104029"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The curved uncut chip thickness model: A general geometric model for mechanistic cutting force predictions","authors":"David Hajdu ,&nbsp;Asier Astarloa ,&nbsp;Istvan Kovacs ,&nbsp;Zoltan Dombovari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The curved uncut chip thickness model is introduced to predict the cutting forces for general uncut chip geometries using the mechanistic approach. Classical geometric models assume that the cutting force is distributed along straight elementary sections of the uncut chip area, which has limited physical validity, but makes mathematical treatments easier for simple cases. The new model assumes that the flow of the material on the contact area of the tool is given by a continuous vector field, according to which the curved uncut chip thickness is measured. The cutting force is distributed along these paths, which leads to a mathematically unique and consistent solution for regular and complex cutting edge geometries. These curved paths can be generated by basic mechanical models, which mimic the more realistic motion of the chip segments along the rake face, without the need of explicit time-consuming cutting simulations. The presented computational procedure generalizes cutting force prediction based on geometric parameters, orthogonal cutting data and the orthogonal to oblique transformations only. The effectiveness of the model for various cutting edge geometries (e.g., thread turning inserts) under extreme cutting conditions is presented in case studies, laboratory and industrial experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 104019"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49886141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of laser oscillation on metal mixing, microstructure, and mechanical property of Aluminum–Copper welds","authors":"Wenkang Huang ,&nbsp;Wayne Cai ,&nbsp;Teresa J. Rinker ,&nbsp;Jennifer Bracey ,&nbsp;Wenda Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser welding<span><span> of dissimilar metals is important in many industrial applications. However, as dissimilar metals get mixed during the melting process, intermetallic compounds are often formed in the welds which can significantly undermine the electrical and mechanical properties of the welds. This poses a critical challenge to the widespread utilization of this welding technique. Compared with conventional line-scan laser welding, oscillating laser welding offers additional processing parameters to control the welding process. Although some work has been reported on oscillating laser welding of dissimilar metals, a mechanistic understanding of this process was still missing. The research objective of this work was to reveal the physical mechanisms and evaluate their relative significance to the fluid flow, metal mixing, and </span>microstructure evolution in the molten pool in oscillating laser welding of dissimilar metals. A combination of experiments and simulations was leveraged to achieve the objective. Four fluid flows have been found to determine the metal mixing in the molten pool, and their dependences on the laser oscillating parameters were discussed. In addition, the thermo-solutal conditions of the molten pool solidification were quantified as functions of the laser oscillating parameters, and the effects of the thermo-solutal conditions on the final weld microstructures were analyzed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 104020"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49886142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomachining of van der Waals nanowires: Process and deformation mechanism","authors":"Zihan Li ,&nbsp;Yongda Yan ,&nbsp;Xin Hu ,&nbsp;Cheng Yan Xu ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Yanquan Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The edges of van der Waals materials exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, and they are promising for applications in many fields, such as optoelectronics, energy storage, and catalysis. Van der Waals material nanostructures with a controllable high density of edges are difficult to produce by current fabrication methods. In the present study, a simple nanomachining process to fabricate van der Waals nanowires with a high density of edges is proposed. This method used a linear-edge diamond tool to cut the basal plane of van der Waals film materials into a one-dimensional nanowire at the nanoscale. Experimental tests were performed to investigate the influences of the cutting thickness, film thickness, cutting direction, and material properties on the machining outcomes. The results showed that the van der Waals materials possessed low Young's moduli ranging from 24 to 238 GPa by cutting with a cutting thickness of larger than 30 nm, and the out-of-plane cutting direction led to the best machining quality and controllable preparation of van der Waals nanowires. To support the interpretation of the process outcomes, molecular dynamics simulation and transmission electron microscopy were performed to reveal the material-removal mechanism during nanocutting of van der Waals materials. From analysis of the chip-deformation process, interlayer slipping was found to dominate the plastic processing of the van der Waals materials, accompanied by intralayer bending and intralayer fracture in the out-of-plane cutting direction. By contrast, the brittle removal state occurred when cutting in the in-plane direction. This study provides important insights into the material-removal mechanism of van der Waals materials prepared by nanoscale mechanical cutting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 104018"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49885799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of static and dynamic analysis of ball screw feed drives, recirculating linear guideway, and ball screw","authors":"Changyou Li ,&nbsp;Mengtao Xu ,&nbsp;Wenjun Song ,&nbsp;Hongzhuang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Static and dynamic analysis of key structural components of the machine tool is the crucial stage in transferring the physical to the virtual domain for digital manufacturing trends. The modeling technique of rolling kinematic joints with high nonlinearity can directly influence the accuracy and efficiency of prediction. Existing literature replicates the nonlinear static and dynamic characteristics considering the rolling element contact interface and proposes the theoretical modeling approach for the feed drives. However, there is a lack of systematic literature surveys. This paper reviews the current progress placed at the nonlinear analytical model of rolling kinematic joints, including ball screw feed drives, recirculating linear guideways, and ball screws. Advanced investigations on nonlinear dynamic stiffness and vibration response associated with ball screw feed drives are covered. Specifically, for linear guideways and ball screws, the stiffness and load distribution models can be divided into two categories: with and without consideration of the component structural deformations. Moreover, the corresponding detailed modeling process is introduced. The time-dependent modeling principle highlighting the recirculation motion of rolling elements is summarized, and friction and wear behavior is briefly discussed. The paper ends with the current research advancement and scarcity and recommends promising modeling tendencies. Particularly, the modeling tendencies require integrated model research on ball screw feed drives considering the more detailed nonlinear joint. Moreover, a fusion of multi-physics parameters is expected to achieve the high-fidelity mechanical model of key structural components for intelligent manufacturing demand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 104021"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49886143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New precision electroforming process for the simultaneous improvement of thickness uniformity and microstructure homogeneity of wafer-scale nanotwinned copper arrays","authors":"Xiaofei Zhan,&nbsp;Chunjian Shen,&nbsp;Zengwei Zhu,&nbsp;Di Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanotwinned (nt) Cu has received much attention because of its superior mechanical and electrical properties, but only a few production processes can yield nt-Cu parts with uniform thickness and a homogeneous microstructure on the wafer scale. To solve this problem, a new precision electroforming process is proposed that combines auxiliary cathodes with pulse reverse current (PRC) electroforming, which provides a synergistic effect to increase the homogeneity of the thickness and a nanoscale twin structure. As a practical example of the proposed process, 4-inch nt-Cu lamina arrays were fabricated and numerically modeled to probe into the synergistic mechanisms. The intrinsic correlations among the array element spacing, current waveform, and main forms of thickness nonuniformity were determined. In addition, the effects of the processing parameters on the microstructural evolution and microhardness of the nt-Cu arrays were analyzed. The results indicated that such a significant improvement in thickness uniformity and microstructure homogeneity were due to the auxiliary-cathode/PRC combination, which enables maximization of the PRC leveling efficiency by inducing a uniform current distribution; this effectively ensures that the microstructures are uniform across all laminae on the wafer scale. Additionally, thick nt-Cu deposited on the current-crowding regions was preferentially stripped during the application of reverse current. This alleviates the adverse effects of the current redistribution resulting from the auxiliary cathode on the thickness uniformity of the laminae and offers additional possibilities for homogeneous growth of nt-Cu. The new precision electroforming process has significant potential to produce wafer-scale components with uniform thickness and specific microstructures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 104006"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49862597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration rod selection strategy in RCSA-based method for reliable calculation of milling tool-tip FRFs in rotating conditions","authors":"Yulei Ji ,&nbsp;Yangbo Yu ,&nbsp;Qingzhen Bi ,&nbsp;Huan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The measurement of milling tool-tip frequency response functions (FRFs) in rotating conditions is challenging in practice. Methods based on the receptance coupling substructure analysis (RCSA) can obtain rotating tool-tip FRFs using normal modal test devices; thus, they have received extensive attention in the research community. The typical RCSA framework first adopts a calibration rod for measuring rotating FRFs. Then, it analytically calculates the desired tool-tip FRFs through the RCSA theory. As the calculation process involves matrix inversion, high-quality FRF data is required. However, experimentally measured FRFs in rotating structures contain severe noise, leading to an unreliable calculation. This paper presents a novel error analysis model to investigate the propagation mechanism of measurement errors in the typical RCSA framework. Results show that measurement errors would cause errors in the length of the coupled substructure while introducing scaling effects. The calibration rod is found to be vital for RCSA calculation reliability. The patterns of the calculation error are opposed when adopting a short or long calibration rod. Then, a calibration rod selection strategy is proposed. The strategy makes full use of the high measurement quality near the resonance in rotating FRFs and achieves the dominant mode frequency matching between the clamped rod and the clamped tool by adjusting the rod length. Simulations validate the error analysis model and the calibration rod selection strategy. Experimental results also show that the optimal selection of the calibration rod could improve the calculation reliability of rotating tool-tip FRFs in the typical RCSA framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 104016"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49862594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cathodic discharge plasma in electrochemical jet machining: Phenomena, mechanism and characteristics","authors":"Shunda Zhan ,&nbsp;Zhaozhi Lyu ,&nbsp;Bangyan Dong ,&nbsp;Weidong Liu ,&nbsp;Yonghua Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An ultrahigh voltage is frequently required in electrochemical jet machining (EJM) to produce extreme current densities (&gt;900 A/cm² for this study) to achieve maximum dissolution rates. However, such a high electric field easily induces a cathodic discharge at the nozzle, and the generation mechanism and characteristics remain unexplored. For the first time, this study shows a direct visualisation of the hydrogen evolution and cathodic discharge in EJM using high-speed photography. An in-depth analysis of the discharge behaviour was carried out based on electrical monitoring, temperature measurement, and characterisation of the resulting changes in the electrode surface. It was revealed that the current density threshold determines the discharge ignition. Discharge occurs preferentially at the inner edge of the nozzle end face, which can cause nozzle wear and reduce localisation of anode workpiece dissolution. The discharge intensity can be controlled by varying the applied voltage and pulse frequency. The electrolyte flow velocity and gap distance influence the discharge behaviour. With appropriate process control, cathodic plasma can enhance the EJM performance while minimising its negative impact. Furthermore, cathodic discharge can be significantly suppressed by designing the geometry of the nozzle tip to avoid local electric field concentration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 104015"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49862593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semianalytic stability algorithm in the frequency domain for interrupted milling","authors":"M. Sanz-Calle ,&nbsp;J. Munoa ,&nbsp;A. Iglesias ,&nbsp;L.N. López de Lacalle ,&nbsp;Z. Dombovari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2023.104005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The construction of stability diagrams of interrupted milling cases is generally carried out by means of time-consuming numerical methods in either frequency or time domain, since the period doubling lobes arising under interrupted cutting are omitted by the time-averaged parametric scan of the traditional zeroth order approximation. This paper presents a novel seminalytic method in the frequency domain for interrupted milling. Taking advantage of their analytical chatter frequency distribution, this method adds the period doubling lobes calculated in a single frequency scan to the existing Hopf limits of the zeroth order solution. This, together with intelligent selection of scanning frequency ranges and truncation to the minimum set of harmonics, allows very fast calculation of the stability charts of interrupted milling cases while retaining the analytical basis and advantages of the zeroth order algorithm. The method accurately describes the stability limits at period doubling dominated zones and improves the existing zeroth order solution, but exhibits slight inaccuracies in the prediction of Hopf boundaries due to mode interaction and harmonic truncation effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14011,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 104005"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49862598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}