Sean A Hillier, Elias Chaccour, Hamza Al-Shammaa, Bernice Downey, Laura C Senese, Jill Tinmouth, Naana Afua Jumah
{"title":"Funding the pandemic response for Indigenous Peoples: an equity-based analysis of COVID-19 using a Health Equity Impact Assessment (HEIA) Indigenous lens tool.","authors":"Sean A Hillier, Elias Chaccour, Hamza Al-Shammaa, Bernice Downey, Laura C Senese, Jill Tinmouth, Naana Afua Jumah","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2361987","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2361987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the allocation of COVID-19 funding for Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States during the pandemic's first wave. Indigenous communities, already facing health disparities, systemic discrimination, and historical forces of colonisation, found themselves further vulnerable to the virus. Analysing the funding policies of these countries, we employed a Health Equity Impact Assessment (HEIA) tool and an Indigenous Lens Tool supplement to evaluate potential impacts. Our results identify three major funding equity issues: unique health and service needs, socioeconomic disparities, and limited access to community and culturally safe health services. Despite efforts for equitable funding, a lack of meaningful consultation led to shortcomings, as seen in Canada's state of emergency declaration and legal disputes in the United States. New Zealand stood out for integrating Māori perspectives, showcasing the importance of consultation. The study calls for a reconciliation-minded path, aligning with Truth and Reconciliation principles, the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and evolving government support. The paper concludes that co-creating equitable funding policies grounded in Indigenous knowledge requires partnership, meaningful consultation, and organisational cultural humility. Even in emergencies, these measures ensure responsiveness and respect for Indigenous self-determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2361987"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11172235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaled Abass, Alexey A Dudarev, Bryan Adlard, Zoe Gillespie, Arja Rautio, Luke Nych, Cheryl Khoury
{"title":"Methodologies and challenges in Arctic human health risk assessment: case studies and evaluation of current practices.","authors":"Khaled Abass, Alexey A Dudarev, Bryan Adlard, Zoe Gillespie, Arja Rautio, Luke Nych, Cheryl Khoury","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2428471","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2428471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Arctic populations, a primary route of exposure to contaminants is through the diet. The health risks associated with these exposures can be characterised by conducting human health risk assessments. However, while there is guidance from many international and national organisations, there are limited examples of human health risk assessment in the Arctic. The 2022 AMAP Human Health Assessment Report was the first AMAP report to describe, in one place, the utility of food-based, dietary intake-based and human tissue-based contaminant data in estimating risk. Here, we present available tools, case studies and challenges associated with conducting human health risk assessments in the Arctic. Future efforts in the Arctic should be able to use this information to best interpret human exposure to contaminants in a risk-based context.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2428471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grateful to be working together to advance Arctic health and well-being.","authors":"Rhonda M Johnson","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2435224","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2435224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2435224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morten B Haulrig, Anna M Andersson, Julia-Tatjana Maul, Jingyuan Xu, Su M Lwin, Carsten Flohr, Lone S Hove, Tove Agner, Anders Koch, Christopher E M Griffiths, Claus Zachariae, Jacob P Thyssen
{"title":"Skin diseases among adults in Tasiilaq, East Greenland.","authors":"Morten B Haulrig, Anna M Andersson, Julia-Tatjana Maul, Jingyuan Xu, Su M Lwin, Carsten Flohr, Lone S Hove, Tove Agner, Anders Koch, Christopher E M Griffiths, Claus Zachariae, Jacob P Thyssen","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2412378","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2412378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cold climate and unique genetic and environmental factors may influence the prevalence of skin diseases in Greenland. However, there is a lack of epidemiological studies on skin diseases in the adult Greenlandic population. To address this unmet need a cross-sectional study, run by dermatologists from Denmark, the UK, and Switzerland estimated the prevalence and clinical manifestations of skin diseases among adults in East Greenland in May 2022. All adults ≥18 years in the town of Tasiilaq were invited, and 295 individuals aged 18-78 years participated (22.5% of the overall adult population in Tasiilaq). Two-hundred and three participants (69%) had visible signs of current skin disease, and among these, 242 cases of dermatoses were identified. The most common skin diseases were hand eczema (22.4%), lichen simplex (9.5%), discoid eczema (7.1%), psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne vulgaris (5.8% each). Scabies was the most frequent infectious skin disease (4.4%). No cases of skin cancer were identified. Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis presented with disease that was of limited extent and different from the classical presentations. Skin diseases showed a high prevalence among adults in East Greenland, and some of them were severe. This indicates a noteworthy public health problem that warrants better access to dermatologist support.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2412378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laila Motzfeldt, Mathias Ried-Larsen, Freya Jørgensen Hovden, Marit Eika-Jørgensen, Michael Lynge Pedersen, Maja Hykkelbjerg Nielsen
{"title":"Feasibility of a 12 weeks supervised exercise training intervention among people with Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) or type 2 diabetes in Greenland.","authors":"Laila Motzfeldt, Mathias Ried-Larsen, Freya Jørgensen Hovden, Marit Eika-Jørgensen, Michael Lynge Pedersen, Maja Hykkelbjerg Nielsen","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2403794","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2403794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preventing and managing Type 2 diabetes (T2D) involves adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as balanced nutrition and regular exercise. Maturity Onset Diabetes of The Young (MODY) shares diagnostic characteristics with T2D, but exercise responses in MODY remain unclear. In Greenland, MODY is 4-5 times more common than in other countries. No established exercise regimen exists for either T2D or MODY in Greenland. This study assessed the feasibility of a 12-week supervised exercise programme for MODY and T2D in Greenland, focusing on attendance, satisfaction, and effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and quality of life (QoL). Conducted as an experimental, two-armed, controlled trial, nine participants (4 with MODY) engaged in prescribed training sessions twice weekly for 45-60 minutes, while another nine (4 with MODY) formed the control group. Key outcomes included adherence rates, satisfaction levels, changes in HbA1c, body composition, aerobic fitness, blood pressure, CVD risk factors, and SF-12 scores. Although training adherence was modest at 56%, participant satisfaction remained high. Notable findings included a slight decrease of -0.3 mmol/l in HDL-cholesterol and a 5.7-point increase in the mental component (MCS) of SF-12 within the intervention group. However, the study underscores the need to refine the study design before supervised exercise programmes can be widely implemented in clinical settings in Greenland.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2403794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James Russell O'Grady, Jannatul Ferdus, Sayna Leylachian, Yinka Bolarinwa, Joshua Wagamese, Lisa K Ellison, Connie Siedule, Ricardo Batista, Amanda J Sheppard
{"title":"Lung cancer in First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada - a scoping review.","authors":"James Russell O'Grady, Jannatul Ferdus, Sayna Leylachian, Yinka Bolarinwa, Joshua Wagamese, Lisa K Ellison, Connie Siedule, Ricardo Batista, Amanda J Sheppard","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2381879","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2381879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in Canada and a leading cause of cancer mortality. Lung cancer also affects First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples significantly in Canada, which deserves further investigation as there is a literature gap on this topic. We sought to develop a deeper understanding of lung cancer diagnosis, incidence, mortality, and survival in First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples in Canada. A systematic search was conducted in bibliographic databases to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and March 2023. Articles were screened and assessed for relevance using the Population/ Concept/ Context (PCC) framework. A total of 22 articles were included in the final analysis, of which 13 were Inuit-specific, 7 were First Nations-specific, and 2 were Métis-specific. The literature suggests that comparative incidence, mortality, and relative risk of lung cancer is higher and survival is poorer in First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples. Lung cancer also has varying impact on these population depending on sex, age, location and other factors. This review illustrates that more comprehensive quantitative and qualitative lung cancer research is essential to further identify the structural causes for the high incidence of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2381879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11288199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofie Emma Rubin, Inunnguaq Mørch, Nuka Olsen, Kamilla Nørtoft
{"title":"Important intergenerational transmission of knowledge in promotion of well-being and cultural identity in Greenland.","authors":"Sofie Emma Rubin, Inunnguaq Mørch, Nuka Olsen, Kamilla Nørtoft","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2420479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2420479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The \"Kinguaariit Inuunerissut\" (KI) camps, meaning \"generations in well-being\" in Greenlandic, was a pilot initiative designed to enhance cultural identity and intergenerational connections through culturally relevant activities. The outcomes of the KI-camps have informed the development of a broader KI-concept aiming at tailoring and implementing elements from KI-camps into early childhood education services, after-school programmes, and schools. In this paper we present the results from three workshop held in January 2024 in Sisimiut, Greenland where 28 older participants and 28 professionals were asked about essential knowledge and skills to be passed down to younger generations. The focus was on songs, storytelling/myths, the spiritual world, animals, plants, skills in nature/home, and handicrafts. Results shows that older people and professionals agree on the importance of passing down cultural knowledge through all the different categories and support the need to integrate these elements into educational programmes to preserve cultural heritage and strengthen community cohesion. The findings will guide the integration of intergenerational activities into municipal institutions and contribute to culturally relevant health promotion strategies in Greenland.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2420479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 and local community resilience in the Westfjords of Iceland.","authors":"Lara Johannsdottir, David Cook","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2311966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2311966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Remote Arctic communities have often been depicted as being particularly vulnerable to the challenges of disasters, with their location and lack of infrastructure exacerbating risk. This study explores the characteristics of local resilience in the Arctic using the case study of the communities of the north-western Westfjords. A total of 42 semi-structured interviews were carried out with various community members, seeking to uncover the features of inbuilt resilience that contribute to successes and vulnerabilities. These were transcribed, coded, and categorised in relation to an integrated framework for assessing community resilience in disaster management, which groups topics via the themes of environmental, social, governance, economic, and infrastructure. All themes played a role in the success of local coping strategies, with easy access to the natural environment central to physical and mental well-being. Despite this, vulnerabilities of the community were evident, including insufficient local healthcare workers during a severe COVID-19 outbreak in a care home, the absence of a local quarantine hotel, and insufficient information in foreign languages for non-natives of Iceland. The general trend of following rules and expert advice was demonstrative of strong social capital, with locals trusting those in charge, nationally and locally, to manage the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2311966"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rabies management structures and challenges in the North in a One Health framework.","authors":"Karsten Hueffer","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2318059","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2318059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabies is often described as the quintessential One Health problem, linking especially animal health to human health. I examined how rabies is managed in the circumpolar North through semi-structured interviews of key informants in three cases: Alaska, Northwest Territories, and Svalbard. While rabies is controlled at the territorial or state level in the Northwest Territories and Alaska, respectively, the perception of where authority lies in rabies management is less evident in Norway concerning Svalbard than in the other two cases. Respondents generally characterised the working relationship between sectors and scales of governments as positive. However, coordination remains one of the main challenges to rabies management, with harsh environmental conditions and small remote communities adding additional challenges in all three cases. Rabies managers in Svalbard also face unique conditions, such as risks associated with hunting and the particular administrative structure of Svalbard. Due to limited veterinary services in dispersed small and remote communities, dogs present challenges to rabies management in Alaska and the Northwest Territories. Personal relationships are important in disease management across agencies, and the unique challenges in the far North will likely pose challenges in adopting approaches to disease management from temperate climates.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2318059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10878328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reproducibility and validity of a 45 item food-frequency questionnaire for inuit in Greenland.","authors":"Peter Bjerregaard, Ingelise Olesen","doi":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2332008","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22423982.2024.2332008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1993, dietary assessment has been carried out in Greenland as part of recurrent population health surveys. In preparation for the next survey in 2024, 91 participants from the survey in 2018 were selected for a validation study of the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The 91 participants were reinterviewed 38-50 months after the first FFQ and invited to complete a food diary. As part of the 2018 survey, blood was analysed for mercury. The food diary was completed by 65 participants. The agreement between the two FFQ interviews was very good for macronutrients and fatty acids (<i>p</i> > 0.20), whereas the calculated intake of mercury was 22% higher in the second FFQ (<i>p</i> = 0.04) due to a higher intake of whale meat and muktuk (whale skin). The agreement between the second FFQ and the food diary was good for local food, imported meat and cakes/sweets/snacks but fruit and vegetables, dairy products, beverages and added sugar were significantly underreported in the food diary. Food items not included in the FFQ were identified from the food diaries. The correlation between the intake of marine mammals and blood mercury was moderate (Spearman's rho = 0.41-0.50; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The results will inspire future dietary studies in the circumpolar North.</p>","PeriodicalId":13930,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circumpolar Health","volume":"83 1","pages":"2332008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10967668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}