T. Monetta, A. Acquesta, Anna Carangelo, F. Bellucci
{"title":"The Effect of Graphene on the Protective Properties of Water-Based Epoxy Coatings on Al2024-T3","authors":"T. Monetta, A. Acquesta, Anna Carangelo, F. Bellucci","doi":"10.1155/2017/1541267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1541267","url":null,"abstract":"0.5 and 1% wt. of graphene nanoflakes were added to an anticorrosive additives-free water-based epoxy resin applied to Al2024-T3 samples. Calorimetric (DSC) and adhesion (cross-cut test) tests indicated that the presence of graphene did not affect the polymerization process of the resin or its adhesion to the substrate while it had some effect on its wettability. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results obtained suggested that the addition of a small amount of graphene greatly enhanced the protective properties of the epoxy coating, retarding electrolytes absorption and reducing the total amount of adsorbed water. The latter occurrence suggests that the graphene effect on coating performances is related to both extended diffusion pathway length and graphene/matrix interaction due to the unique properties of graphene.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/1541267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64652609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fire-Side Corrosion: A Case Study of Failed Tubes of a Fossil Fuel Boiler","authors":"M. Asnavandi, M. Kahram, M. Rezaei, D. Rezakhani","doi":"10.1155/2017/7367046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7367046","url":null,"abstract":"The failures of superheater and reheater boiler tubes operating in a power plant utilizing natural gas or mazut as a fuel have been analysed and the fire-side corrosion has been suggested as the main reason for the failure in boiler tubes. The tubes have been provided by a fossil fuel power plant in Iran and optical and electron microscopy investigations have been performed on the tubes as well as the corrosion products on their surfaces. The results showed that the thickness of the failed tubes is not uniform which suggests that fire-side corrosion has happened on the tubes. Fire-side corrosion is caused by the reaction of combustion products with oxide layers on the tube surface resulting in metal loss and consequently tubes fracture. However, the tubes corrosion behaviour did not follow the conventional models of the fire-side corrosion. Given that, using the corrosion monitoring techniques for these boiler tubes seems essential. As a result, the thickness of the boiler tubes in different parts of the boiler has been recorded and critical points are selected accordingly. Such critical points are selected for installation of corrosion monitoring probes.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7367046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64703620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rogelio Ramos, B. Valdez-Salas, R. Zlatev, M. Wiener, José María Bastidas Rull
{"title":"The Discrete Wavelet Transform and Its Application for Noise Removal in Localized Corrosion Measurements","authors":"Rogelio Ramos, B. Valdez-Salas, R. Zlatev, M. Wiener, José María Bastidas Rull","doi":"10.1155/2017/7925404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7925404","url":null,"abstract":"The present work discusses the problem of induced external electrical noise as well as its removal from the electrical potential obtained from Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET) in the pitting corrosion process of aluminum alloy A96061 in 3.5% NaCl. An accessible and efficient solution of this problem is presented with the use of virtual instrumentation (VI), embedded systems, and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The DWT is a computational algorithm for digital processing that allows obtaining electrical noise with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) superior to those obtained with Lock-In Amplifier equipment. The results show that DWT and the threshold method are efficient and powerful alternatives to carry out electrical measurements of potential signals from localized corrosion processes measured by SVET.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7925404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64707047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Inhibition Effect of Sodium Glutarate towards Carbon Steel Corrosion in Neutral Aqueous Solutions","authors":"G. Chan-Rosado, M. Pech-Canul","doi":"10.1155/2016/8013706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8013706","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibition effect of sodium glutarate towards corrosion of carbon steel in neutral 0.02 M NaCl solution was investigated with potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements. Results of electrochemical measurements revealed a poor inhibitive action for low concentrations (1 mM and 5 mM) and a significant improvement in efficiency for concentrations of 32 mM or higher. The protective film exhibited excellent stability in the temperature range 22°C–55°C. Full chemical passivation was accomplished and analysis of the impedance spectra for the high concentrations of glutarate was consistent with the inhibition mechanism which assumes that the carboxylates support the passivation of carbon steel in aerated solutions by plugging the defect sites and that the passivation process is enhanced by adsorption of the carboxylates on the oxide-covered surface. Such mechanism was confirmed by the XPS analysis.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2016 1","pages":"119-130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8013706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64544167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Carbon Steel Exposed to Biodiesel","authors":"S. Malarvizhi, Shyamala R. Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1155/2016/4308487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4308487","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental concerns over worsening air pollution problems caused by emissions from vehicles and depletion of fossil fuels have forced us to seek fuels such as biodiesel which can supplement petrofuels. Biodiesels have the ability to retain water and provide a conducive environment for microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) which may cause difficulties during transportation, storage, and their use. This paper analyses the influence of bacteria on the corrosivity of biodiesel obtained from Jatropha curcas on carbon steel using mass loss method. Carbon steel showed the highest corrosion rates in B100 (100% biodiesel) both in the presence and in absence of bacteria. The surface analysis of the metal was carried out using SEM.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/4308487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64379297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Stress Concentration and Casing Strength Degradation Caused by Corrosion Pits","authors":"Wei-qing Yan, Yunxian Xu, Yi Zhou, Wang Kongyang","doi":"10.1155/2016/6930234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6930234","url":null,"abstract":"Downhole casing and tubing are subjected to corrosion in many cases because of the exposure to corrosive environment. A more serious problem is that pitting corrosion occurs in the casing inner surface. Meanwhile, downhole strings are subjected to various forms of mechanical loads, for example, internal pressure load, external collapse load, or both. These loads acting on the corrosion pits will cause stress concentration and degrade the casing strength. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the stress concentration degree reasonably. The SCF (stress concentration factor) is usually used to characterize the degree of stress concentration induced by corrosion pits. This paper presented a comparison on the SCFs regarding the analytical method for a single pit and experimental method for double pits. The results show that the SCF of a single pit depends mainly on the depth of the corrosion pit; however, the SCF of the double pits strongly depends on the pits distance. A correction factor of 1.3 was recommended in the double pits SCF prediction model.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/6930234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64496889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical and Microstructural Analysis of FeS Films from Acidic Chemical Bath at Varying Temperatures, pH, and Immersion Time","authors":"Ladan Khaksar, G. Whelan, J. Shirokoff","doi":"10.1155/2016/1025261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1025261","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion resistance and corrosion products of 4130 alloy steel have been investigated by depositing thin films of iron sulfide synthesized from an acidic chemical bath. Tests were conducted at varying temperatures (25°C–75°C), pH levels (2–4), and immersion time (24–72 hours). The corrosion behavior was monitored by linear polarization resistance (LPR) method. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) have been applied to characterize the corrosion products. The results show that, along with the formation of an iron sulfide protective film on the alloy surface, increasing temperature, increasing immersion time, and decreasing pH all directly increase the corrosion rate of steel in the tested experimental conditions. It was also concluded that increasing temperature causes an initial increase of the corrosion rate followed by a large decrease due to transformation of the iron sulfide crystalline structure.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/1025261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64199551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. P. Asmara, J. Siregar, C. Tezara, Wan Nurlisa, J. Jamiluddin
{"title":"Long Term Corrosion Experiment of Steel Rebar in Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete in NaCl Solution","authors":"Y. P. Asmara, J. Siregar, C. Tezara, Wan Nurlisa, J. Jamiluddin","doi":"10.1155/2016/3853045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3853045","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on an experimental investigation to identify the effects of fly ash on the electrochemical process of concrete during the curing time. A rebar was analysed using potentiostat to measure the rest potential, polarization diagram, and corrosion rate. Water-to-cement ratio and amount of fly ash were varied. After being cured for 24 hours at a temperature of 65°C, the samples were immersed in 3.5% of NaCl solution for 365 days for electrochemical measurement. Measurements of the half-cell potential and corrosion current density indicated that the fly ash has significant effects on corrosion behaviour of concrete. Although fly ash tends to create passivity on anodic current, it increases corrosion rate. The corrosion potential of this concrete mixture decreases compared to concrete without fly ash. From the result, it can be summarized that concrete mixture with 70% of OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) and 30% fly ash has shown the best corrosion resistance.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/3853045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64352509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Additional Sulfide and Thiosulfate on Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel in Alkaline Solutions","authors":"B. Quan, Jun Qi Li, Chao-yi Chen","doi":"10.1155/2016/8549312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8549312","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the effect of additional sulfide and thiosulfate on Q235 carbon steel corrosion in alkaline solutions. Weight loss method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with EDS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical measurements were used in this study to show the corrosion behavior and electrochemistry of Q235 carbon steel. Results indicate that the synergistic corrosion rate of Q235 carbon steel in alkaline solution containing sulfide and thiosulfate is larger than that of sulfide and thiosulfate alone, which could be due to redox reaction of sulfide and thiosulfate. The surface cracks and pitting characteristics of the specimens after corrosion were carefully examined and the corrosion products film is flake grains and defective. The main corrosion products of specimen induced by S2− and S2 are FeS, FeS2, Fe3O4, and FeOOH. The present study shows that the corrosion mechanism of S2− and S2 is different for the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8549312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64574236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Probabilistic Physics of Failure Approach for Structure Corrosion Reliability Analysis","authors":"C. Xie, Hongzhong Huang","doi":"10.1155/2016/1343587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1343587","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion is recognized as one of the most important degradation mechanisms that affect the long-term reliability and integrity of metallic structures. Studying the structural reliability with pitting corrosion damage is useful for risk control and safety operation for the corroded structure. This paper proposed a structure corrosion reliability analysis approach based on the physics-based failure model of pitting corrosion, where the states of pitting growth, pit-to-crack, and cracking propagation are included in failure model. Then different probabilistic analysis methods such as Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS), First-Order Reliability Method (FORM), Second-Order Reliability Method (SORM), and response surface method are employed to calculate the reliability. At last, an example is presented to demonstrate the capability of the proposed structural reliability model and calculating methods for structural corrosion failure analysis.","PeriodicalId":13893,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Corrosion","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2016-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/1343587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64218167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}