The Right to the Smart City最新文献

Hackathons and the Practices and Possibilities of Participation 黑客马拉松和参与的实践和可能性

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191010

Sung-Yueh Perng

引用次数: 4

Appropriating “Big Data”: Exploring the Emancipatory Potential of the Data Strategies of Civil Society Organizations in Cape Town, South Africa 利用“大数据”:探索南非开普敦民间社会组织数据战略的解放潜力

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191012

N. Odendaal

{"title":"Appropriating “Big Data”: Exploring the Emancipatory Potential of the Data Strategies of Civil Society Organizations in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"N. Odendaal","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191012","url":null,"abstract":"The smart city strategies of municipalities in South Africa have been grounded in developmentalism, seeking to harness the power of technology to enable improved governance. Cities such as Durban and Cape Town have embraced infrastructure-led approaches that seek to use state-mediated broadband “backbone” development to enable last-mile ICT access to marginalized communities. With the advent of big data, the range of actors in the ICT-local government terrain has broadened to include partnerships with IT-multinationals and management consultants to streamline municipal bureaucratic procedures, enable data processing, and contribute to greater efficiency. An important driver is the increasingly urgent need to accelerate the delivery of essential services while also encouraging investment and development through greater efficacy (e.g., in processing development applications). A “dashboard urbanism” is becoming evident that fits well with the system of indicators and performance monitoring that is embedded in the managerial South Africa’s local government system. The danger of an overreliance on these quantitative aspects is that it may perpetuate divides in what is considered to be one of the most unequal cities in the world. Based on exploratory research, this chapter explores strategies used by civil society organizations to challenge the assumptions of “dashboard urbanism” and contribute a more rounded appropriation of big data and a deepened and contextualized urban experience.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134036177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Smart Cities by Design? Interrogating Design Thinking for Citizen Participation 设计智慧城市?对公民参与设计思维的质疑

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191011

Gabriele Schliwa

{"title":"Smart Cities by Design? Interrogating Design Thinking for Citizen Participation","authors":"Gabriele Schliwa","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191011","url":null,"abstract":"Citizen participation in urban governance has established itself as a paradigm, promising greater democracy, empowerment, and more cost-effective public service delivery against the backdrop of increased urban conflicts. The dominant focus on the “citizen” or even “smart citizen” in the context of smart cities and urban innovation is however a relatively recent phenomenon. A growing number of initiatives seek to revamp the smart city as a human smart city. Therein, design thinking and human-centered design have become the buzzwords of choice to describe “putting people first” approaches that promise to develop solutions tailored to citizens’ needs. What was previously known as user-centered design in the context of information and communication technology (ICT) product and service development now proliferates the urban through innovation labs or civic hackathons. But what are the implications of using design thinking in a smart city context? And moreover, how to unpack human-centered design and design thinking within urban scholarship? This chapter contextualizes the phenomenon of design thinking in cities and renders implicit design thinking processes more explicit. Drawing upon ongoing research in Manchester and Amsterdam since 2014, my work-in-progress suggests that governing through design thinking results in a designing of the social rather than for the social. This trend requires historically informed political analysis and alternative ways to govern if the “right to the smart city” is not to become yet another iteration of shape-shifting neoliberal strategies.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126177819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

What is Civic Tech? Defining a Practice of Technical Pluralism 思域科技是什么?界定技术多元主义的实践

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191009

Andrew R. Schrock

{"title":"What is Civic Tech? Defining a Practice of Technical Pluralism","authors":"Andrew R. Schrock","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191009","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade, engineers, designers, community organizers, and government employees have rallied around “civic tech.” What exactly does this term mean for urban technologists and “smart cities”? In formulating a definition, after describing the relationship of this term to the city, I examine how civic tech has been defined by practitioners. They have typically defined civic tech using umbrella definitions based on broad values and bucket definitions based on technologies. Although helpful, these definitions tend to obfuscate the political nature of civic tech’s practices and organizational techniques. In response, I suggest civic tech is a form of “technical pluralism” – iterative technology design and implementation among organized actors working toward predominantly administrative reforms. Because practitioners are inspired by redesigning systems of governance and redistributing power, civic tech’s most important provocations are organizational and political, rather than purely technological. Civic tech, as a form of technical pluralism, presents a route to bridging community and government in the pursuit of more equitable ways to achieve sustainable technology design in urban contexts.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130007960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Whose Right to the Smart City? 谁拥有智慧城市的权利?

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191002

K. Willis

{"title":"Whose Right to the Smart City?","authors":"K. Willis","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter works with Lefebvre’s “Right to the City” (1996b) to understand how a Smart City initiative was being implemented and as a consequence who benefitted. While a model of citizenship is offered in smart cities, the “actually existing” smart city in fact reconfigures models of citizenship in ways that instrumentalize technology and data that can reinforce the patterns of exclusion for marginalized groups. Therefore, this chapter aims to understand how citizens participate in smart city projects and whether they can in fact lead to the exacerbation of existing urban historical, material, and social inequalities. The chapter focuses on some of those excluded by smart city projects: the urban poor, street traders, and those who live in informal settlements and explores the way in which they access and participate in the city. In the Global South context, India is a key actor in implementing a national-level smart city program, and research was undertaken in the city of Chennai to investigate the way that the India Smart Cities Mission was being planned and implemented and the corresponding implications for marginalized communities. The chapter argues that there is a need to recognize the value of a range of everyday, small-scale ways in which citizens employ technologies and data that meet their needs in a social and spatially embedded context. In this way, marginalized people may be empowered to have what Lefebvre describes as “the right to the oeuvre, to participation and appropriation” (1996, p. 173) in urban space.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127076779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Sensors and Civics: Toward a Community-centered Smart City 传感器与市民:迈向以社区为中心的智慧城市

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191008

C. D’Ignazio, Eric Gordon, Elizabeth Christoforetti

引用次数: 5

The Right to the Datafied City: Interfacing the Urban Data Commons 数据化城市的权利:连接城市数据共享

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191005

M. Lange

{"title":"The Right to the Datafied City: Interfacing the Urban Data Commons","authors":"M. Lange","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The current datafication of cities raises questions about what Lefebvre and many after him have called “the right to the city.” In this contribution, I investigate how the use of data for civic purposes may strengthen the “right to the datafied city,” that is, the degree to which different people engage and participate in shaping urban life and culture, and experience a sense of ownership. The notion of the commons acts as the prism to see how data may serve to foster this participatory “smart citizenship” around collective issues. This contribution critically engages with recent attempts to theorize the city as a commons. Instead of seeing the city as a whole as a commons, it proposes a more fine-grained perspective of the “commons-as-interface.” The “commons-as-interface,” it is argued, productively connects urban data to the human-level political agency implied by “the right to the city” through processes of translation and collectivization. The term is applied to three short case studies, to analyze how these processes engender a “right to the datafied city.” The contribution ends by considering the connections between two seemingly opposed discourses about the role of data in the smart city – the cybernetic view versus a humanist view. It is suggested that the commons-as-interface allows for more detailed investigations of mediation processes between data, human actors, and urban issues.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126999416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Smart Commons or a “Smart Approach” to the Commons? 智慧公地还是公地的“智慧方法”?

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191006

P. Cardullo

引用次数: 6

Moving from Smart Citizens to Technological Sovereignty? 从智慧公民到技术主权?

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191013

Ramon Ribera‐Fumaz

{"title":"Moving from Smart Citizens to Technological Sovereignty?","authors":"Ramon Ribera‐Fumaz","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores if alternative participatory co-creation approaches have the potential for deploying an emancipatory urbanism that is able to contest the urban dynamics of (digital) capitalism. It does so by focusing on the Barcelona case. Barcelona fully embraced a “smart citizen” approach in 2011 to become a European referent in smart urban strategies. However, in 2015, with the arrival of a new municipal government, Barcelona has situated itself contesting the “smart city” and at the forefront of alternative possibilities with its “technological sovereignty” strategy. This shift aims to remake the smart city agenda for citizens through the advancement of the right to information and guarantees to open, transparent, and participatory decision-making through new digital and platform technologies. The chapter argues, first, that “technological sovereignty” has been instrumental in re-politicizing the notions of (smart) citizenship and technology, deploying initiatives aimed at regaining public control on data and citizens participating in policy-making. Second, Barcelona’s technological sovereignty strategy, though framed as locally and bottom-up, is based on a global comprehension and diagnosis of the global dynamics of digital capitalism. However, sometimes, there still remains an over-optimistic stance concerning digital technology. Thus, for any alternative to the neoliberal smart city, it is necessary to decenter the debate from the technologies themselves or the local, and recognize that any emancipatory strategy is also about acknowledging that technology-led solutions are not autonomous of broader relations of production and complex political economy geographies.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116834913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Reading the Neoliberal Smart City Narrative: The Political Potential of Everyday Meaning-making 解读新自由主义智慧城市叙事:日常意义创造的政治潜力

The Right to the Smart City Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191003

Jiska Engelbert

{"title":"Reading the Neoliberal Smart City Narrative: The Political Potential of Everyday Meaning-making","authors":"Jiska Engelbert","doi":"10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-139-120191003","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key normative questions that critical smart city scholars pose is if, and how, politically meaningful agency of citizens in the neoliberal smart city is possible? The Lefebvrian concept of the “right to the city” proves particularly fruitful in this endeavor, as it allows for imaging ways and possibilities in which citizens can assert the use value of the city over the exchange value, and thus affirm the social “urban” over the economic “city.” This chapter seeks to contribute to this quest for and imaginations of politically meaningful agency in the neoliberal smart city. First, it does so by arguing that what smart city scholarship typically considers as politically meaningful interventions into the neoliberal smart city are too often initiatives that are strongly influenced by peoples’ and cities’ access to specific and unevenly distributed resources, like technological or political literacies and economic (infra-) structures. Therefore, and second, the chapter proposes that we look for critical interventions into the neoliberal smart city by “ordinary citizens” elsewhere, namely, in urban inhabitants’ everyday readings of the promotional and performative narrative of the neoliberal smart city.","PeriodicalId":138865,"journal":{"name":"The Right to the Smart City","volume":"388 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126741403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6