{"title":"A receive/transmit calibration technique based on mutual coupling for massive MIMO base stations","authors":"Joao Vieira, F. Rusek, F. Tufvesson","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794649","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a calibration technique for massive MIMO base stations, where the frequency responses of the transmit and/or receive analog front-ends are individually estimated and compensated for. Calibration is achieved by a first-round of channel sounding between base station antennas, followed by post-processing and a compensation stage. The proposed technique is general in the sense that is does not use external sources, nor internal dedicated circuits for calibration purposes. The only requirement of the technique is that mutual coupling between all pairs of sounded base station antennas exists and is known. Our analysis suggests that mutual coupling can be conveniently used for calibration purposes, and that multipath propagation during calibration is the most prominent source for calibration inaccuracies.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rei Nagashima, T. Ohtsuki, Wenjie Jiang, Y. Takatori, T. Nakagawa
{"title":"Channel prediction for massive MIMO with channel compression based on principal component analysis","authors":"Rei Nagashima, T. Ohtsuki, Wenjie Jiang, Y. Takatori, T. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794949","url":null,"abstract":"Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is one of the key technologies to realize 5G (5th Generation). Massive MIMO can be implemented with many antennas at a transmitter and receiver sides, and it can improve transmission quality at high frequency band by transmitting with superposing shift of radio wave toward the direction of the receiver. However, there exists an issue such as the increase of the amount of feedback of channel state information (CSI) from the receiver to the transmitter, due to the enormous number of antennas. For the purpose of solving this issue, there exists the technique to compress CSI to a lower dimension matrix and decrease the amount of feedback, by using principal component analysis (PCA). In the conventional method, the compression matrix to compress a channel matrix is calculated on the basis of PCA, and the compressed channel is fed back from the receiver to the base station (BS). In this method, the compression matrix used in PCA is generated based on the past CSI at the receiver, which leads to the degradation of transmission rate. This is because there is a mismatch between the CSI acquired at the transmitter and that when the transmitter transmits a signal, due to the channel variation during the feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. In this paper, to solve this problem, we propose the method based on PCA with the channel prediction. As the channel prediction, the forward-backward AR (Auto Regressive) model is used, and the compression matrix in PCA is generated from the predicted channels. By the computer simulation, it is shown that the system capacity is increased by generating the compression matrix from the predicted channel that improves the accuracy of channel restoration.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114616503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Papaioannou, G. Dahman, Jose Flordelis, F. Tufvesson
{"title":"Performance evaluation of CoMP transmission schemes using measurements versus the COST 2100 channel model","authors":"P. Papaioannou, G. Dahman, Jose Flordelis, F. Tufvesson","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794771","url":null,"abstract":"Coordinated Multi Point (CoMP) transmission and reception techniques are used in order to improve the performance of single or multiple cells in wireless systems. A system using CoMP techniques is capable of jointly optimizing its transmission and/or reception and, hence, achieving higher performance. In this work, performance evaluation of three CoMP techniques are performed based on simulations using the COST 2100 channel model and also based on measured channels collected from a synchronous multi-link measurement campaign at Lund University. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, the performance evaluation of different CoMP transmission techniques, namely, the Joint Processing, the Partial Joint Processing and the Coordinated Beamforming, are presented. Second, the capability of the COST 2100 model in predicting the relative performance of different CoMP techniques is assessed. It was found that the COST 2100 model is capable of estimating the relative performance of the studied CoMP schemes well. Moreover, detailed comparison highlighting the agreements and discrepancies between the performance results based on the measured channels and those based on the COST 2100 model are reported.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1868 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128651183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Channel shortening algorithms for multiple intersymbol interference channels","authors":"Sha Hu, F. Rusek","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794757","url":null,"abstract":"We consider channel shortening (CS) algorithms for communication systems where multiple single antenna nodes are transmitting single carrier signals to a single antenna receiver over known intersymbol interference channels. We discuss seven methods to shorten the intersymbol interference (ISI) channels, and the parameters are optimized from a generalized mutual information (GMI) perspective. The motivation for dealing with seven methods is that each one may come across as the “natural” CS receiver, and we therefore consider them all in order to compare their performances. A favorable outcome is that the strongest method is also the one that is easiest to optimize.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124620704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose Flordelis, Sha Hu, F. Rusek, O. Edfors, G. Dahman, Xiang Gao, F. Tufvesson
{"title":"Exploiting antenna correlation in measured massive MIMO channels","authors":"Jose Flordelis, Sha Hu, F. Rusek, O. Edfors, G. Dahman, Xiang Gao, F. Tufvesson","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794664","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate antenna correlation of an M-antenna massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) setup with the purpose of obtaining a low-rank representation of the instantaneous massive MIMO channel. Low-rank representation bases using short-term and long-term antenna correlation statistics are defined, and their performance is evaluated with data sets obtained from channel measurements in both indoor and outdoor environments at 2.6 GHz. Our results indicate that the short-term bases can capture a larger amount of the channel energy compared to the long-term ones, but they have a limited timespan, one coherence time or less. On the other hand, the long-term bases are stable over time-spans of a few seconds. Hence, they can be obtained relatively easily. We also investigate a rank-p vector-scalar LMMSE channel estimator that exploits antenna correlation. Our results show that the investigated estimator can achieve a performance similar to that of full-rank LMMSE at a (2p + 1)/M times lower cost. The investigated estimator may be used in conjunction with estimators that exploit correlation in the frequency and time domains or, alternatively, in situations in which these estimators cannot be used, e.g., when pilot separation is larger than the channel coherence bandwidth or time.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125554750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Naderpour, J. Vehmas, S. Nguyen, J. Jarvelainen, K. Haneda
{"title":"Spatio-temporal channel sounding in a street canyon at 15, 28 and 60 GHz","authors":"R. Naderpour, J. Vehmas, S. Nguyen, J. Jarvelainen, K. Haneda","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794730","url":null,"abstract":"Spatio-temporal channel sounding was performed at frequency bands of 15,28 and 60 GHz in the backhaul-link street canyon scenario. Analysis of the measured channels from the sounding show 1) path loss exponents close to the free-space in the line-of-sight condition, with extra losses of 5 to 30 dB in the non-line-of-sight conditions; 2) the azimuth angular and delay spreads mostly less than 25° and 30 ns at the three frequency bands; 3) decreasing angular and delay spreads as the link distance is longer, 4) up to fourth-order specular reflection observed in the 100-m long street canyon when looking at the strongest 30-dB dynamic range of the channels, and finally, 5) no decisive frequency dependency of the angular and delay spreads and the reflection order, though the presence or absence of cars in the street canyon during the measurements seemed to make some impacts on the spread values given the antenna height of our channel sounding.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127466607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compact dual-band antenna array for massive MIMO","authors":"Linsheng Li, M. Ali, K. Haneda","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794556","url":null,"abstract":"A compact dual band antenna operating simultaneously at 5.4 GHz and 15 GHz is presented in this paper. It is a planar array composed of a grid of 6×8 (48) patch antennas working at 5.4 GHz and 7×9 (63) patch antennas working at 15 GHz. The whole antenna array occupies an area of 150 mm × 180 mm which fits the ordinary size requirement of wireless access point. All the antenna patch antennas have a reflection coefficient lower than −6 dB across 320 and 2000 MHz bandwidth at 5 and 15 GHz. The electromagnetic coupling between any two antennas is lower than − 10 dB within the specified bandwidth. Measurement results show good agreement with the simulation of input matching, mutual coupling and radiation pattern. Compared to the ordinary antenna array design with half-wavelength spacing between two neighboring antennas, our proposed dual band array design accommodates 1.6 times more antennas at 5.4 GHz and extra 63 antennas at 15 GHz, while maintaining sufficient radiation efficiency, matching bandwidth and decoupling.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125222027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biometrie authentication using hand movement information from wrist-worn PPG sensors","authors":"T. Ohtsuki, Hiroto Kamoi","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794969","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, wrist-worn smart devices such as smart-watches are becoming popular, and there is a growing need for authentication systems on such devices. Many wrist-worn devices contain a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor with a purpose of measuring the user's heart rate. In this paper, in addition to using the PPG sensor to measure the heart rate, we use it to detect the user's hand movement. In our proposed method, we use not only the information of the hand movement, but also that of the stationary state to improve the robustness of authentication. We obtained the PPG signals from 15 subjects, whom in the experiment were asked to bend their wrist and put it back for several times, continuously. The results of the experiments revealed that a continuous wrist movement of three times achieved an equal error rate of 11.6 %, and a movement of nine times achieved an equal error rate of 8.8 %.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122592643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new digital communications receiver using partial knowledge of the channel state information","authors":"A. Al-Dweik, Y. Iraqi, M. Al-Mualla","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794734","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a new digital communications receiver that requires only partial knowledge of the channel state information (CSI). Generally speaking, the CSI is composed of real and imaginary components, which can be expressed as h = |h| e<sup>jθ</sup>, where |h| corresponds to the channel attenuation and θ is the phase shift. In the proposed receiver, only |h| is required to detect the transmitted symbols with low probability of error. The proposed receiver can be used to increase the spectral efficiency of most digital communications receivers and/or reduce their error probability.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132801958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimum receiver filter for a noise-based frequency-offset modulation system","authors":"Ibrahim Bilal, A. Meijerink, M. Bentum","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC.2016.7794736","url":null,"abstract":"A frequency-offset transmit-reference (TR) system using a noise carrier is considered in additive white Gaussian noise. The system is studied for any given spectrum of the noise carrier, and the expression for the transfer function of an optimal receiver front-end filter is derived. The maximum achievable performance with respect to spectral shape is evaluated and discussed. The results indicate that the optimal filter in this system, unlike in traditional wireless systems, needs dynamic adaptation to the received signal and noise levels. A convenient but suboptimal choice of the filter is also suggested, and the achievable performance is compared with that of an optimal filter and a performance upper bound. For a certain spectral shape, the suboptimal filter is shown to be an overall good compromise. To meet the performance upper bound, a system using the suboptimal filter, and a noise carrier shaped by a Butterworth filter of order 1, faces a power penalty of 1.89 dB.","PeriodicalId":137845,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}