{"title":"Cancer can be a purely epigenetic disorder.","authors":"Ya Meng, Heng Sun, Chu-Xia Deng","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.109274","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.109274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 3","pages":"955-957"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine for Viral Pneumonia Therapy: Pharmacological Basis and Mechanistic Insights.","authors":"Yinglu Bai, Tengwen Liu, Shuwen Zhang, Yifan Shi, Yumei Yang, Maoyu Ding, Xiaowei Yang, Shanshan Guo, Xiaolong Xu, Qingquan Liu","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.105086","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.105086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different respiratory viruses might cause similar symptoms, ranging from mild upper respiratory tract involvement to severe respiratory distress, which can rapidly progress to septic shock, coagulation disorders, and multiorgan failure, ultimately leading to death. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that predicting clinical outcomes can be challenging because of the complex interactions between the virus and the host. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has distinct benefits in the treatment of respiratory viral illnesses due to its adherence to the principles of \"different treatments for the same disease\" and \"same treatment for different diseases\". This paper examines the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of key TCM treatments for viral pneumonia in recent years. The aim of this study was to discover and confirm the active substances of TCM with potential therapeutic effects on viral pneumonia and their integrative effects and synergistic mechanisms and to provide a scientific basis for elucidating the effectiveness of TCM treatment and drug discovery. Furthermore, a thorough analysis of previous research is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of TCM in treating viral pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 3","pages":"989-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring viral mimicry combined with epigenetics and tumor immunity: new perspectives in cancer therapy.","authors":"Ruirui Wang, Xin Dong, Xiongjian Zhang, Jinzhuang Liao, Wei Cui, Wei Li","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.103877","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.103877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viral mimicry refers to an active antiviral response triggered by the activation of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), usually manifested by the formation of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and activation of the cellular interferon response, which activates the immune system and produces anti-tumor effects. Epigenetic studies have shown that epigenetic modifications (e.g. DNA methylation, histone modifications, etc.) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment resistance. Particularly, alterations in DNA methylation may be closely associated with the suppression of ERVs expression, and treatment by demethylation may restore ERVs activity and thus strengthen the tumor immune response. Therefore, we propose that viral mimicry can induce immune responses in the tumor microenvironment by activating the expression of ERVs, and that epigenetic alterations may play a key regulatory role in this process. In this paper, we review the intersection of viral mimicry, epigenetics and tumor immunotherapy, and explore the possible interactions and synergistic effects among the three, aiming to provide a new theoretical basis and potential strategies for cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 3","pages":"958-973"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian Zhang, Dujuan Wang, Guangzheng Zhuo, Shilin Wang, Yufen Yuan, Liping Wang, Lili Ji, Yuhang Wan, Guohong Liu, Yunbao Pan
{"title":"Intratumoral <i>Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia</i> in Breast Cancer: Unraveling the Interplay with Hormone Receptors and Impact on Tumor Immunity.","authors":"Qian Zhang, Dujuan Wang, Guangzheng Zhuo, Shilin Wang, Yufen Yuan, Liping Wang, Lili Ji, Yuhang Wan, Guohong Liu, Yunbao Pan","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.98260","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.98260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore the impact of intratumoral microorganisms in conjunction with hormone receptors on the tumor microenvironment and their potential role in predicting patient prognosis. Significant bacterial variations were identified within ER, PR, HER2, and triple-negative breast cancer subtypes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to identify bacteria associated with patient survival. Further, a humanized immune system mouse model bearing breast cancer xenografts was used to evaluate the effects of <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> (<i>SMA</i>) on tumor growth and CD8+ T cell infiltration. Additional validation experiments included fluorescence in situ hybridization for <i>SMA</i>, CD8+ T cell chemotaxis, and intracellular cytokine detection. <i>Lawsonella clevelandensis-A</i>, <i>Diaphorobacter nitroreducens</i>, and <i>SMA</i> were identified as significant prognostic species. Notably, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, exhibited a positive association with the presence of <i>SMA</i>. Experimental validation with clinically isolated <i>SMA</i> further confirmed its positive correlation with CD8+ T cell activation. <i>In vivo</i> findings demonstrated that <i>SMA</i> inhibited tumor growth and promoted CD8+ T cell infiltration, highlighting the complex interactions between intratumoral microbiota and tumor immunity in breast cancer. These insights contribute to the understanding of microbial influences on the tumor microenvironment and suggest potential pathways for improving patient prognosis through microbiota modulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 3","pages":"974-988"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiang Zhong, Jun Zeng, Yue Li, Haohan Zhang, Tao Lin, Turun Song
{"title":"Senescent renal tubular cells derived extracellular vesicles transported miR-20a and miR-21 induced macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition in renal fibrosis after ischemia reperfusion injury.","authors":"Qiang Zhong, Jun Zeng, Yue Li, Haohan Zhang, Tao Lin, Turun Song","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.97579","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.97579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our investigation, we aimed to shed light on the role of senescent cells in renal fibrosis, considering the observed correlation between renal tubular epithelial cell senescence and the presence of renal fibrosis. Our findings confirm the manifestation of senescence characteristics in renal tubular epithelial cells during renal fibrosis and establish their capacity to trigger a transition from macrophages to myofibroblasts, known as macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT). Additionally, our study uncovered that extracellular vesicles released by senescent HK-2 cells (sHK-2) play a pivotal role in facilitating MMT. Subsequently, we investigated the miRNA profile in sHK-2-derived extracellular vesicles (sHK-2-EVs) and confirmed the elevated abundance of specific miRNAs, including miR-20a-5p and miR-21-5p, compared to normal HK-2-EVs. Notably, these miRNAs possess the capability to induce M2-like polarization in macrophages and enhance the expression of TGF-β. Moreover, TGF-β can stimulate macrophages to produce miR-20a-5p and miR-21-5p, establishing a positive feedback loop that amplifies the TGF-β/Smad pathway and facilitates the process of macrophage-myofibroblast transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 3","pages":"940-954"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative Histopathology Analysis Based on Label-free Multiphoton Imaging for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Response Assessment.","authors":"Ruiqi Zhong, Ying Zhang, Wenzhuo Qiu, Kaipeng Zhang, Qianqian Feng, Xiuxue Cao, Qixin Huang, Yijing Zhang, Yuanyuan Guo, Jia Guo, Lingyu Zhao, Xiuhong Wang, Shuhao Wang, Lifang Cui, Aimin Wang, Haili Qian, Fei Ma","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.102744","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.102744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate diagnosis and assessment of breast cancer treatment responses are critical challenges in clinical practice, influencing patient treatment strategies and ultimately long-term prognosis. Currently, diagnosing breast cancer and evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAIT) primarily rely on pathological identification of tumor cell morphology, count, and arrangement. However, when tumors are small, the tumors and tumor beds are difficult to detect; relying solely on tumor cell identification may lead to false negatives. In this study, we used the label-free multiphoton microscopy (MPM) method to quantitatively analyze breast tissue at the cellular, extracellular, and textural levels, and identified 11 key factors that can effectively distinguish different types of breast diseases. Key factors and clinical data are used to train a two-stage machine learning automatic diagnosis model, MINT, to accurately diagnose breast cancer. The classification capability of MINT was validated in independent cohorts (stage 1 AUC = 0.92; stage 2 AUC = 1.00). Furthermore, we also found that some factors could predict and assess the efficacy of NAIT, demonstrating the potential of label-free MPM in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. We envision that in the future, label-free MPM can be used to complement stromal and textural information in pathological tissue, benefiting breast cancer diagnosis and neoadjuvant therapy efficacy prediction, thereby assisting clinicians in formulating personalized treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"363-381"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xupeng Zhao, Jichen Wang, Shuo Tian, Lu Tang, Shouqing Cao, Jiali Ye, Tianwei Cai, Yundong Xuan, Xu Zhang, Xiubin Li, Hongzhao Li
{"title":"FKBP10 Promotes the Muscle Invasion of Bladder Cancer via Lamin A Dysregulation.","authors":"Xupeng Zhao, Jichen Wang, Shuo Tian, Lu Tang, Shouqing Cao, Jiali Ye, Tianwei Cai, Yundong Xuan, Xu Zhang, Xiubin Li, Hongzhao Li","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.105265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.105265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer (BC) is a prevalent urinary malignancy and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is particularly aggressive and associated with poor prognosis. One of MIBC features is the nuclear atypia. However, the molecular mechanism underlying MIBC remains unclear. Here, we find that FKBP10 is significantly upregulated in MIBC tissues and correlated with metastasis and poor outcomes. FKBP10 promotes tumor cell invasion, migration, and metastasis, but not proliferation. Notably, FKBP10 enhances the nuclear atypia of BC cells. Mechanistically, FKBP10 interacts with prelamin A and hinder the nuclear entry of prelamin A, thereby leading to the decrease in the nuclear lamin A, a key factor involved in nuclear atypia. In human BC tissues, nuclear lamin A is downregulated and negatively correlated with FKBP10 expression. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the FKBP10/prelamin A/lamin A axis contributes to MIBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 2","pages":"758-771"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kupffer Cell-derived IL6 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Via the JAK1-ACAP4 Pathway.","authors":"Tao Li, Xiaoyu Song, Jiena Chen, Yuan Li, Jie Lin, Ping Li, Simiao Yu, Olanrewaju Ayodeji Durojaye, Fengrui Yang, Xing Liu, Jian Li, Shiyuan Cheng, Xuebiao Yao, Xia Ding","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.97109","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.97109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which differentiate from tissue-resident macrophages, are recognized for their ability to influence cancer progression and metastasis. However, the specific role of Kupffer cells (KCs), the intrinsic macrophages of the liver, in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism by which exosomes derived from HCC cells induce KCs to transition into TAMs, thereby facilitating the metastasis of HCC in an IL6-JAK1-ACAP4 axis-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the exosome-mediated domestication of KCs by hepatoma cells constitutes one of the primary sources of IL6 production in the HCC microenvironment. IL6 then activates JAK1 to phosphorylate its downstream effector ACAP4 at Tyr843, a novel phosphorylation site identified in this context, which in turn promotes ARF6-GTPase activity and hepatoma cell migration. Furthermore, we found that the levels of IL6, as well as the phosphorylation of JAK1 and ACAP4 at Tyr843, were significantly greater in tumor tissues from HCC patients than in adjacent tissues. These findings suggest that the IL6-JAK1-ACAP4 axis may be a promising therapeutic target for HCC. Importantly, we screened bufalin, an active ingredient derived from Venenum Bufonis, and discovered that it inhibits JAK1 and disrupts the IL6-induced phosphorylation of ACAP4. This inhibition not only impairs hepatoma cell migration but also prevents the metastasis of HCC. These findings demonstrate the interplay between hepatoma cells and KCs through the IL6-JAK1-ACAP4 axis, thereby promoting HCC metastasis, and reveal the therapeutic potential of bufalin for the treatment of HCC through JAK1 inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"285-305"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyu Ge, Ke Zhang, Jie Zhu, Yuan Chen, Zhengwang Wang, Peng Wang, Peng Xu, Jie Yao
{"title":"Targeting protein modification: a new direction for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Xinyu Ge, Ke Zhang, Jie Zhu, Yuan Chen, Zhengwang Wang, Peng Wang, Peng Xu, Jie Yao","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.101861","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.101861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter protein conformation by covalently attaching functional groups to substrates, influencing their biological activity, mechanisms of action, and functional performance. PTMs and their interactions are essential to many critical signal transduction processes, including tumor transformation, cancer progression, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, advancements in tumor immunotherapy indicate that PTMs are essential in immune cell activation, transport, and energy metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different PTMs on immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer, providing new perspectives and suggesting directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weili Li, Yuqin Zhang, Yan Wei, Guanjing Ling, Yawen Zhang, Yilin Li, Shujuan Guo, Nannan Tan, Lin Ma, Wei Li, Qianbin Sun, Wei Wang, Yong Wang
{"title":"New insights into mitochondrial quality control in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: molecular mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and natural products.","authors":"Weili Li, Yuqin Zhang, Yan Wei, Guanjing Ling, Yawen Zhang, Yilin Li, Shujuan Guo, Nannan Tan, Lin Ma, Wei Li, Qianbin Sun, Wei Wang, Yong Wang","doi":"10.7150/ijbs.103810","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijbs.103810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthracyclines (ANTs) are widely used in cancer therapy, particularly for lymphoma, sarcoma, breast cancer, and childhood leukemia, and have become the cornerstone of chemotherapy for various malignancies. However, it is associated with fatal and dose-dependent cardiovascular complications, especially cardiotoxicity. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, encompassing mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial biogenesis, maintain mitochondrial homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Recent studies have highlighted that mitochondrial quality control mechanisms play considerable roles in ANTs-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC). In addition, natural products targeting mitochondrial quality control mechanisms have emerged as potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate AIC. This review summarizes the types, incidence, prevention, treatment, and pathomechanism of AIC, delves into the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of AIC, and explores natural products that target these mechanisms, so as to provide potential targets and therapeutic drugs for address the clinical challenges in AIC prevention and treatment, where no effective medicines are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":13762,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"21 2","pages":"507-523"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}