{"title":"Jurisprudence of Tolerance: Hate Speech, Article 17 and Theory of Democracy in the European Convention on Human Rights","authors":"M. Nikouei, M. Zamani","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00801002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00801002","url":null,"abstract":"What does the protection or prohibition of a speech tell us about the tripartite relationship between political power, democracy and rights? This question has somehow underscored the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in hate speech cases for more than a half century. We argue that this question has invariably placed the Court in an uneasy position, which is, choosing between a democracy empowered by unlimited freedom of speech, but with recurrent social tensions, and a democracy with rather strict hate speech laws, but at ease with different segments of population. That said, the jurisprudence of the European Court outlines a pattern by which to identify a specific direction for the evolution of rights and democracy. This article considers this pattern. Not only does this article, examine the pattern in the Court’s and the Commission’s jurisprudence, but it also argues that this pattern unfolds a subtle presence of Hobbesian and Lockean theories of political power and the limits in its midst. By invoking this presence, we indicate how the debate in the jurisprudence of the European Court has shifted from the language of protecting democracy to that of rights.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00801002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45354869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Books Received","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00801005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00801005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00801005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43114222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conceptualizing Universal Design for the Information Society through a Universal Human Rights Lens","authors":"G. Giannoumis, M. Stein","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00801006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00801006","url":null,"abstract":"Universal Design aims to ensure that everyone can equally use products, environments, programs, and services. This article examines the theoretical underpinnings and potential application of universal design by exploring its evolution through human rights and disability rights laws and policies. It is maintained that universal design arises from the complex relationship between human rights, disability rights, and access to and use of technology. Consequently, it is argued that in relation to the information society, it is most capable of promoting equal access and use of technology in three ways. First, universal design can increasingly account for human diversity. Second, universal design can progressively eliminate barriers to accessibility and usability. Third, universal design can augment broader participation in the design and development of technology. Conceptualising universal design foundations of usability and accessibility of technology as universal human rights precepts embraces social equality for everyone, and incorporates important but currently exclusive disability rights precepts.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00801006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48918415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combating Transnational Organised Crime through International Human Rights Law","authors":"Tom Obokata","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00801003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00801003","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the key obligations imposed upon States under international human rights law to combat transnational organised crime. It begins by highlighting a number of human rights which are affected by various forms of organised crime, such as the rights to life, liberty and security, health, property, culture, as well as the prohibition on slavery/forced labour and other inhuman or degrading treatments. The article then analyses the key obligations imposed upon States under international human rights law, with particular reference to (1) investigation, prosecution and punishment, (2) protection of victims and (3) prevention. The main conclusion reached is that international human rights law is indeed useful as it encourages States to adopt a holistic approach capable of addressing the complex and multi-faceted nature of transnational organised crime beyond simple criminal justice responses.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00801003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45959919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"European Civil Society and Human Rights Advocacy, written by Markus Thiel","authors":"Saeed Bagheri","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00801001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00801001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00801001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49662462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/978-981-10-3894-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3894-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77556110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Books Received","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00702005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00702005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00702005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Building National and Regional Accountability for Conflict Related Sexual Violence","authors":"K. Campbell","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00702001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00702001","url":null,"abstract":"The jurisdiction of the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights (acjhpr) will include international crimes of conflict-related sexual violence (crsv). This article explores the challenges the Court is likely to face in building regional and national accountability for crsv, by considering the lessons that might be learnt from the experiences of the former Yugoslavia in prosecuting these crimes. The article focuses on the two key challenges of developing ‘best practice’ within regional and national courts, and of linking these prosecutions to peace processes and post-conflict reconstruction. To address these challenges, the article argues for a ‘gender justice framework’ of guiding principles to ensure effective and equitable crsv prosecutions.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00702001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46815897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Indigenous Persons with Disabilities and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities","authors":"Paul Harpur, M. Stein","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00702002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00702002","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses how disability human rights protections and processes under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (crpd) have responded to the heightened vulnerability created when disability intersects with indigeneity. It considers the evolution of international human rights law instruments for indigenous persons with disabilities. It further examines the drafting history of the crpd related to indigenous-specific content and examines the crpd Committee’s engagement with the human rights protections and violations of indigenous persons with disabilities. It demonstrates that the crpd Committee has advanced these rights by acknowledging the rights of indigenous persons in the general course of its work, but has fallen short of adequately recognising the special vulnerabilities that are created when disability and indigeneity intersect. This evaluation is illustrated by expounding on the crpd Committee’s recommendation in Noble v Australia, a communication brought by an indigenous person with a ‘mental and intellectual disability’ whose indigenous status was not engaged.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00702002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48216440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strengthening the Preventive Role of the Committee for the Prevention of Torture in Africa","authors":"I. Renzulli","doi":"10.1163/22131035-00702004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00702004","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a critical insight into the legal framework for the prevention of torture in Africa, with specific reference to the Robben Island Guidelines (rig) and its special mechanism, the Committee for the Prevention of Torture in Africa (cpta). The Guidelines undoubtedly represent a milestone in the development of a torture preventive work in Africa. They bring together a number of provisions covering different aspects of the prohibition and prevention of torture. However they do not elaborate and clarify what is meant by prevention as a concept and what it entails as a legal obligation. Furthermore the cpta’s interpretative drive has largely focused on the other, normatively more robust, areas of intervention, namely the prohibition of torture and redress for victims, at times conflating prevention with the prohibition of torture. If it is to live up to its name, the cpta needs to expand its understanding of prevention of torture. This in turn will allow it to play an important role in detecting, collecting, analysing data and information on situations of risk in Africa, and formulating new and appropriate context-sensitive strategies for the effective prevention of torture.","PeriodicalId":13730,"journal":{"name":"International Human Rights Law Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22131035-00702004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47123199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}