International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science最新文献_第2页

Optimization and Kinetic Study of Cellulose Hydrolysis to Glucose Catalyzed by Phosphoric Acid (H3po4) 磷酸(H3po4)催化纤维素水解葡萄糖的优化及动力学研究

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0707003

Okereke Macjonathan Chimchetam, V. A. Wirnkor, Duru Edbert Chidi

{"title":"Optimization and Kinetic Study of Cellulose Hydrolysis to Glucose Catalyzed by Phosphoric Acid (H3po4)","authors":"Okereke Macjonathan Chimchetam, V. A. Wirnkor, Duru Edbert Chidi","doi":"10.20431/2349-0403.0707003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0403.0707003","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose at the temperature of 100o C using phosphoric acid as catalyst was studied in this work. The effect of acid concentration on glucose yield with 1 g of biomass weight was studied at H3PO4 concentrations of 1 %, 2 %, 4 %, 8 %, 15 % and 20 %. It was found that glucose yield is directly proportional to acid concentration, with best yield of glucose being 21 mg in 35 minutes at acid concentration of 15 %. The hydrolysis could not take place at other concentrations studied. The effect of biomass weight on glucose yield was carried out with 0.5 g, 1.0 g, 1.5 g and 2.0 g of biomass. Results showed that 1.5 g and 2.0 g gave both 22 mg of glucose, while the other biomass weights gave 0 mg. This also indicated a proportional relationship between biomass weight and glucose yields. Optimization studies were carried out using the best values of acid concentration and biomass weight. The results showed that rate of cellulose hydrolysis at these conditions was 0.957 mg/min. The results obtained from this study showed that phosphoric acid is not a good catalyst for cellulose hydrolysis.","PeriodicalId":13721,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83266210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical Power Generation from Carbon in Fuel Cell with Molten Hydroxide Electrolyte 氢氧化物熔液燃料电池中碳的电化学发电

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0706003

Meselu Eskezia

{"title":"Electrochemical Power Generation from Carbon in Fuel Cell with Molten Hydroxide Electrolyte","authors":"Meselu Eskezia","doi":"10.20431/2349-0403.0706003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0403.0706003","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon is a unique element that possesses both electrical and structural properties that make an ideal material for uses fuel cells process. The direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) is a special type of high temperature fuel cell that directly uses a solid carbon as the anode. The direct electrochemical power generation from carbon in fuel cells uses molten hydroxide electrolyte and carbon is electrochemically directly oxidized to generate power without the need for combustion or reforming process. Molten hydroxides are very important electrolyte in direct carbon fuel cell. They have a higher ionic conductivity and higher activity of carbon electrochemical oxidation. Depending on its compelling cost and performance advantages, the use of molten hydroxide electrolytes has been rejected by researchers, because of the potential formation of carbonate salt in the cell. In DCFC anode acts as an electrode which needs to have low resistance and high electron conductivity and also as a reactant which will be consumed during direct electrochemical power generation from carbon fuel cell.. The performance of DCFC is influences by various operating conditions including cathode inlet air flow rate, electrolyte temperature and fuel particle size. The operation of DCFC could be improved by proper selection of the fuel particle size. Larger the fuel particle size, the slower the cell voltage and as the electrolyte temperature increase, the electrical parameters also increase and the corrosion of the fuel cell reduced by the formation of oxide layers that determine reliable and continuous operation of the fuel cell.","PeriodicalId":13721,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87646726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical Engineering Principles for Intensification of Domestic Operations 国内作业集约化化学工程原理

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0702003

Sunil jayant Kulkarni

引用次数: 0

Improve the Role of Ibuprofen in the Biological Field: Short Review 提高布洛芬在生物学领域的作用:综述

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0706001

Baraa Watheq, Alaa Mohammed, M. Al-Mashhadani, E. Yousif

引用次数: 0

Potentials of Ocimum Gratissimum Extracts as Mosquito Repellents and Mosquitocidal Candles 茴香提取物作为驱蚊剂和灭蚊蜡烛的潜力

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0705004

Okorie Angela Nkeiruka, V. A. Wirnkor, Enyoh Christian Ebere, Verla Evelyn, Ngozi, Amaobi Collins Emeka

{"title":"Potentials of Ocimum Gratissimum Extracts as Mosquito Repellents and Mosquitocidal Candles","authors":"Okorie Angela Nkeiruka, V. A. Wirnkor, Enyoh Christian Ebere, Verla Evelyn, Ngozi, Amaobi Collins Emeka","doi":"10.20431/2349-0403.0705004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0403.0705004","url":null,"abstract":"Ethanol and distilled water extracts of the Ocimum gratissimum leaves were obtained using standard methods. The preliminary phytochemical analysis carried out showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids and absence of steroids in both extracts. Three extractives were used in compounding candle samples. The produced candle samples were tested for their mosquitos’ repellent ability by knockdown effect. The knockdown effect result showed that the number of mosquitoes still flying for hot water extract after 5 minutes was 8(20%), then at 10 minutes was 6(20%). However, the highest mosquito’s knockdown effect was at 15 minutes which had 3 mosquitos knockdown. Cold water extract result showed the lowest knockdown effect at 10 minutes 9(10%) while for ethanol extract, there was highest knockdown effect at 10 minutes which have 4(40%). Studies revealed that occimum gratissimum has the tendency and ability of eliminating mosquitoes in less than 10 minutes of application with ethanolic extracts being the most efficient. However, the health implication of this research was not studied to ascertain possible implication on the person inhaling the product.","PeriodicalId":13721,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77806243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Assessment of Levels and Safe Factor Index of Heavy Metals in Soils Around Diobu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria 尼日利亚哈科特港迪奥布周边土壤重金属水平及安全系数指数评价

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0708001

Iyama, Edori

{"title":"Assessment of Levels and Safe Factor Index of Heavy Metals in Soils Around Diobu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"Iyama, Edori","doi":"10.20431/2349-0403.0708001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0403.0708001","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at determining the variations of some heavy metals in soil sample between Mile 3 (M3) and Mile 4 (M4), all in Diobu, which are both primarily business and residential areas when compared to the control represented by the Rivers State University (RSU), Port Harcourt. The Azuka Index (Ai) was used to determine the Safety Factor Index. The levels and distribution of seven heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, As) in soil (0–25 cm depth) from the area using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS, Perkin Elmer 2380) were assessed. The results showed that in M3, Fe (1418.303), Cd (2.692), Pb (7.646), Ni (7.412) and M4, Fe (1162.011), Cd (1.436), Pb (7.372), Ni (5.384) were above WHO/FAO/FEPA recommended permissible limits for soils. High percentage variations occurred between the study stations and the controls, M3/RSU for Fe, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and M4/ RSU for Cd, Cr, Ni, As respectively. Though, the result of the ANOVA showed p-value of 0.2845 (α=0.05) meaning no significant difference within the M3, M4 and RSU stations was also corroborated by the t-test result for M3/ RSU control and M4/ RSU control which were 1.013 and 1.037 respectively at 0.05 significant levels. The mile 3 study station was observed to have more anthropic inputs which also showed in the variations from the Mile 4 results. The above results showed that only Cu in the Mile 4 study station certified a safe range while all the heavy metals exceeded safe limits especially Cd, As and Ni. The concentration distribution trend for the heavy metals studied were; M3 (Fe>Cr>Cu>Pb>Ni>As>Cd); M4 (Fe>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>As>Cd); RSU (Fe>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>As>Cd). The increasing concentrationss of these heavy metals in the soils of these areas stands a threat to health of the inhabitants; hence must be monitored and adequate measures taken by appropriate authorities of government","PeriodicalId":13721,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77182670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Quantitative Analysis of Toxicants in Major Tobacco Products Available in Bangladesh 孟加拉国主要烟草制品中有毒物质的定量分析

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0703002

M Mofizul Islam, M. A. Islam, P. Biswas, S. Auyon

引用次数: 0

Towards a Sustainable Solution: Factors and Prerequisites of Improving the Kanchan Arsenic Filters used in the Terai of Nepal. A Review 走向可持续的解决方案:改善尼泊尔特莱地区使用的Kanchan砷过滤器的因素和先决条件。回顾

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0705001

B. Mueller

{"title":"Towards a Sustainable Solution: Factors and Prerequisites of Improving the Kanchan Arsenic Filters used in the Terai of Nepal. A Review","authors":"B. Mueller","doi":"10.20431/2349-0403.0705001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0403.0705001","url":null,"abstract":"Unfortunately, Nepal's current arsenic issueconcerning ground water was recognized much later than in other countries of South-Asia (e.g. West Bengal (India), Bangladesh, Cambodia, Vietnam, China). Nepal did not seem to be much affected by As poisoning ground water hosted by quaternary alluvial sediments as the landlocked country is dominated by the mountain chain of the high Himalayas and only features a very narrow band of flat land (the so called Terai, the Indo-Gangetic Plain of southern Nepal) builtup by those quaternary alluvial sediments. The actual drinking water guideline (10 μg/l) for As imposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) is exceed in several districts (namely Nawalparasi, Bara, Parsa, Rautahat, Rupandehi, and Kapalivastu (Shrestha et al., 2014). As soon concentration of arsenic exceeds the guideline, detrimental health effects are likely to occur.Characteristic skin lesions including pigmentation changes (melanosis, keratosis); various reproductive, neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and diabetic effects as well as cancers of almost all inner organsare among the most prominent health impacts caused by the longterm intake of As (Smith et al., 2000; Adhikari and Ghimire, 2009; Smith and Steinmaus, 2009; Abdul et al., 2015).","PeriodicalId":13721,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79663928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overview of Carvedilol Side Effects and it's Importance in Medicine and Industry 卡维地洛的副作用及其在医学和工业中的重要性综述

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0704004

Omar G. Mousa, E. Yousif, M. Al-Mashhadani

引用次数: 1

Spectrophotometric Studies of N-Benzylideneaniline Ligand and its Nickel Complex n -苄基苯胺配体及其配合物镍的分光光度研究

International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.20431/2349-0403.0708003

E. Chiedu, O. Adeyoju, F. Oyibo, G. Asieba, Iyayi, Osa-Iguehide

引用次数: 0