{"title":"Achieving sustainability in the Indian plastic industry: Issues and challenges","authors":"Santanu Mandal","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167684","url":null,"abstract":"With technological progress and globalization, the Indian plastic industry also has witnessed dramatic changes in the last decade like the entry of a no. of small players and as a result the sector came to be operated mainly by small and medium scale enterprises. Each of these small firms is in fierce competition with each other vying for market share and thereby trying to own over as many clients as possible. Now sustainability has become a necessary competitive dimension for every firm to have as one of its essential characteristics so as to have a positive brand image in the minds of its customers. So for each of these small firms it is quite a challenging task to achieve sustainable operations while still maintaining their market position. In this paper an effort has been made to investigate the possible issues that might facilitate or block the firms in the sector in achieving sustainable operations.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81165120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Selvakumar, B. Kalidasan, S. Kalaivani, S. Radhakrishnan
{"title":"Enhanced distillate yield of acrylic pyramid top cover solar still with and without tar coated blue metal","authors":"B. Selvakumar, B. Kalidasan, S. Kalaivani, S. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167683","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative work had been carried to increase the distillate yield of the solar still by replacing the single slope cover by means of parabolic cover. Advantage of pyramid top cover is that the amount of solar radiation entering the system in more when compared to other types of top cover. The top pyramid cover is made up of transparent acrylic sheet of 3 mm thickness of transmittance 88%. Pyramid top cover of diameter 0.75 m and height 0.30 m is designed for the still. It is designed by joining the two portions of the acrylic sheet.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87568853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antifungal efficacy of pyocyanin produced from bioindicators of nosocomial hazards","authors":"T. Sudhakar, S. Karpagam","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167673","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas, a common bacterium is found in soil, water, skin flora and in most of the man made environments such as Hospital, Industry, Effluent treatment plant. Pseudomonas aeruginosa one of the most important opportunistic pathogen which causes nosocomial infections to the patient in Intensive care unit has become a major threat in the medical care. It also exhibits multidrug resistance which has drawn the attention of the microbiologist. The characteristic feature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the production of soluble green pigment pyocyanin, which act as a bio-indicator for the identification of a contaminant in hospital environment. Pyocyanin produced as a secondary metabolite exhibits antifungal activity by both disc diffusion and liquid culture methods. The present study was undertaken to determine the frequency of occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patient population attending an outpatient department. The study also includes to demonstrate the pigment production on various solid and liquid media. Further, the pigment pyocyanin was extracted and confirmed by using the solvent chloroform. The pigment was separated by thin layer chromatography and purified by column chromatography. Fraction which was obtained from TLC was used to determine the MIC and the antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabarata Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus which concluded that pyocyanin pigment has the ability to inhibit the growth of various fungi by arresting the electron transport in both in vitro and in vivo conditions.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85390908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An experimental performance analysis of a concentrated solar distiller","authors":"M. Gowtham, M. Chander","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167687","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of solar concentrated distiller with latent heat storage capacity is compared with distiller integrated with mini solar pond as a preheated source of water. In this paper, paraffin wax is used as the latent heat storage material. Experiments conducted to improve productivity by increasing various factors like Heat storage capacity, exposure area, maintaining low depth. Productivity of water was measured every hour between 10 A.M to 5 P.M by maintaining lower depth.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91344663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screening and isolation of effective microbes from organic wastes for faster and effective degradation of bio-degradable municipal solid waste","authors":"S. Kalaivani, Sahu Amiya Kumar, K. Shanthi","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167663","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Waste Management was one of the most neglected sectors in India until the amendment of Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 2000. In the recent years, the municipal authorities have made it mandatory to undertake responsibility for all activities relating to Municipal Solid Waste Management. But, it is essential to identify suitable treatment methods to reduce the quantity of waste and to convert Waste into Energy. The municipal Solid Waste Consists of more than 50% of organicWaste, So composting most of these wastes would be the best way to reduce the quantity to 1/4th, resulting in nutrient rich soil amendment. Aerobic Composting of Organic Waste materials using Effective microbes has been recognized as an ecologically safe method of waste disposal. There are various consortia existing but the time taken for degradation is very long. This paper aims at isolation, identification and formulation of effective microbes from flower waste, vegetable waste, yard waste and Municipal Solid Waste. Detailed morphological, biochemical, enzyme production, carbohydrate utilization, and antagonistic study has been performed to identify the microorganisms. From this, microbial consortium was developed and tested on organic wastes to identify the most effective fast degrading microbial consortium for large scale treatment of organic waste.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90516311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screening of four species of earthworms for sustainable vermicompostin of Ipomoea carnea","authors":"Manoj Makhija, S. Gajalakshmi, S. A. Abbasi","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167639","url":null,"abstract":"The epigeic earthworm species Eudrilus ugeniae, Eisenia fetida, Perionyx excavatus, and an anecic arthworm species Lampito mauritii were explored separately for the vermicomposting of Ipomoea leaves in reactors that were operated for four months. The earthworm species which consistently produced more vermicast was E.eugeniae followed by E.fetida, P.excavatus, with L.mauritii being the least producer. Seen from the standpoint of average of vermicast production per gram of earthworm body weight, E. eugeniae scored over E.fetida but the difference is very less.The average zoomass of E.fetida, E.eugeniae, and P.excavatus increased over time but decreased in L.mauritii decreased. In terms of fecundity, the performance of E.fetida (29 juveniles, 16 cocoons) was similar to that of E. eugeniae (20 juveniles, 10 cocoons) followed by P.excavatus. L.mauritii respectively. The results indicate that E.fetida and E. eugeniae are the most suitable among the four species screened for vermicomposting of Ipomoea leaves; their performance in terms of efficiency of vermicomposting, zoomass gain, and being close to each other. P. excavates is not suitable for the vermicomposting because of mortality. The anecic L. mauritii came out a poor fourth and is clearly unsuitable for the vermicomposting of Ipomoea carnea leaves as it didn't gain weight on feeding upon Ipomoea carnea. Due to this fact, and the animal's poor fecundity in Ipomoea-based vermireactors, this species will not be able to provide sustainable vermicast output.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89314421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomarker responses in fish exposed to industrial effluent","authors":"P. B. Reddy, Renu Singh","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167669","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of effluents from textile industry were studied using Mystus tengara as test organism. The effluents were collected from non point source and the chemical parameters assessed. The pH, DO. hardness, and alkalinity were much higher than the standard quality. The toxicity of these effluents on Mystus tengara and the LC 50 values were determined. The experimental fishes revealed gradual decrease in albumin and INR. RBC. Plasma level of glucose was also lower in the exposed fish when compared to the control. However high levels of ASP and ALT were observed. Histopathology of experimental fish revealed swelling and degeneration of hepatocytes, mild proliferation of bile ducts. In conclusion, the changes observed indicate that hematological and biochemical parameters can be used as an indicator of toxicity related stress in fish exposed to effluents.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73389435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conventional solid waste management technique for eradication of solid waste and its impact assessment","authors":"S. Sathish, M. Prabhakaran","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167662","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste often called the third pollution after air and water. Solid waste is defined as the material, which arises from various human activities and which is normally discarded as useless and unwanted. Chemical process industries generate variety of wastes both organic and inorganic, which are mixture with wide range of components. The process of selection of right solid waste disposal method is complex due to heterogeneity of the refuse, but by the slight modification of the process technique we can achieve 0% discharge of solid waste and reduce the losses of the product through the solid waste thereby increase the productivity of the plant.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90586024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatment of highly polluted paper mill waste water by solar photocatalytic oxidation with synthesized nano Tio2","authors":"J. Manassah","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167693","url":null,"abstract":"Photo catalytic processes in the presence of titanium dioxide provide an interesting route to destroy hazardous organic contaminants, being operational in the UV-A domain with a potential use of solar radiation. The solar photo catalytic degradation of paper mill wastewater has been studied over synthesized nano TIO2. The catalyst was characterized by techniques like x-ray diffraction (XRD)‥ The enhanced photo catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst is attributed to the crystalinity, nano size, large amount of surface hydroxyl species and reduced band-gap.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87229467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro enzyme catalytic biotransformation of Carbon dioxide into useful chemicals - A short review","authors":"Kavita J. Lanjekar, N. Gharat","doi":"10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GTEC.2011.6167654","url":null,"abstract":"Enzyme catalytic reactions are environmentally safe catalytic reactions in organic synthesis. The efficient conversion of Carbon dioxide using enzymes will help in reducing the greenhouse gas effect and in production of useful chemicals as well. Unlike microbial processes, enzymatic biotransformation is much faster, cleaner and easier to operate. Compared to conventional processes, the enzymatic approach for conversion of Carbon dioxide has attracted a lot of attention, due to its several advantages such as high yields and selectivity under milder reaction conditions. A detailed search of published reports was done and analyzed in this paper, related to enzyme catalytic carbon dioxide conversion into useful chemicals.","PeriodicalId":13706,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Green technology and environmental Conservation (GTEC-2011)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87675807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}