Al-AbhathPub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1163/18115586-70010104
Basma Mubarak Said
{"title":"Oman: Constitutionalism Unrealized","authors":"Basma Mubarak Said","doi":"10.1163/18115586-70010104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-70010104","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes the development of constitutionalism in Oman over three historic phases. It examines the establishment of the modern Omani state, and sheds light on the power struggle between the absolutist ruler, Sultan Saʿid bin Taimur al-Saʿid, and his reformist brother, Tariq bin Taimur al-Saʿid, the first serious attempt to introduce constitutionalism in Oman calling for limiting the Sultan’s power and transforming Oman into a constitutional monarchy. It details first how British authorities intervened as intermediaries in this power struggle, bolstering the Sultan’s powers and entrenching absolutist monarchy in Oman. The chapter then examines the events surrounding the late Sultan Qaboos’s issuance of the Basic Law – enacted during his twenty-sixth year in power – and situates it as a response to internal and external pressures within Oman and in the Gulf region in the mid-1990s. The chapter moves then to describe a movement for greater power-sharing emerging as part of Arab Spring-inspired protests in 2011 and describes some of the minor constitutional amendments enacted by Sultan Qaboos that year, which did little to alter the status quo. Finally, it examines the Sultan’s passing away in January 2020, the appointment of Sultan Haitham as successor, and his enactment of a new constitutional document intended to stabilize governance in Oman and devolve some authority to his inner circle, while largely avoiding a larger disruption of power dynamics.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"36 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120871367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010003
رمزي منير بعلبكي
{"title":"ترتيب الموادّ ضمن الجذر الواحد: مقارَبة تراثيّة لمناهج المعجميّين العرب","authors":"رمزي منير بعلبكي","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010003","url":null,"abstract":"In the Arabic lexicographical tradition, there are three major systems for the arrangement of roots, namely, the phonetic-permutative, the alphabetical and the rhyme systems. The internal arrangement of the material within each root, however, is a much more intricate subject. Several lexica almost completely lack any system of internal arrangement. Yet, there are a few relatively late authors who seriously tried to address this problem by adopting a system of arranging lexical items based either on morphological or semantic criteria. This study examines the development of the method of morphological arrangement in the tradition and argues that al-Ṣaġānī (d. 650/1252) was the first to apply it systematically in his al-ʿUbāb al-zāḫir. It then argues that Ibn Sīda (d. 458/1066) was the first to introduce in al-Muḥkam a system of internal arrangement based on the semantic fields of each root and that Ibn Manẓūr’s (d. 711/1311) Lisān al-ʿArab is primarily based on the semantic groups of Ibn Sīda with proper rearrangement of material from his four other sources.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130135113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010005
ياسر احمد موفق سليمان
{"title":"الـلـغـة والـهـويّة: الـترمـيـز الـمـراوغ","authors":"ياسر احمد موفق سليمان","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010005","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the language-identity nexus at the collective level against the elusive nature of both language and identity. Invoking the principles of continuity and change in this nexus, the paper recognizes the role of myth in maintaining the element of continuity and the imperatives of ideological manipulation in motivating change to respond to emerging socio-political contexts. To achieve this, the paper employs the concepts of identification, differentiation and distanciation as well as the distinction between the instrumental and the symbolic roles of language. Examples from Arab and non-Arab domains of socio-political action are used to support the main thesis of the paper.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010004
حسن حمزة حسن حمزة
{"title":"الترجمة إلى العربيّة ومحاولة تأسيس مصطلحات علم للترجمة","authors":"حسن حمزة حسن حمزة","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with translation science and its terminology in Arabic. It shows that this science is not based on the creation of new concepts, neither its terminology is extracted from looking at the translation process. This terminology is rather based on the transfer of foreign terms, French and English, into Arabic, and on the creation of new terms that call for the imported concepts. Nevertheless, old terms, or similar terms that Arab scholars have invented since the third century A.H. – they are limited terms anyway – have not been developed, while others are at risk of falling.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114468997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010002
Carl Davila
{"title":"Al-Ḥāʾik’s Notebook, Part I","authors":"Carl Davila","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010002","url":null,"abstract":"By far the most important manuscript anthology of the texts of the Andalusian music in Morocco (al-āla), Kunnāsh al-Ḥāʾik has undergone a lengthy process of evolution since its apparent first iteration (manuscript #144 at al-Khizāna l-Dāwūdiyya in Tetouan, dated 1202 AH). This article presents an annotated listing of all known songbooks relating to al-āla, whether in manuscript or print form, as reference material for scholarship and raw data for later articles in a series that explores the complex history of the Kunnāsh. Annotations include publication information for print anthologies, material descriptions of manuscripts, and occasional observations about notable features, contents, etc.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121094151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010007
عبد الفتّاح الزين
{"title":"وَهْم اجتماع الحركات وتبعاتُه النحويّة","authors":"عبد الفتّاح الزين","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010007","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to consider the grammatical implications that result from the traditional philological misconception of the succession of short and long vowels. Most grammarians accepted the analysis of morphologists, thus wrongly assuming that short vowels that are represented in writing after long ones are separate entities. In fact, it is impossible for our vocal apparatus to utter consecutive “sister” vowels (i.e. short and long ones) in one single place, even though we can represent them separately in writing.\u0000But the misconceptions of the ancient grammarians regarding certain issues should not deter us from rejecting them and proposing alternative suggestions. This research will present some of the methods of parsing (iʿrāb) that grammarians have enacted and which can still be found in books of grammar up to the present day. It will also adduce arguments in favor of the suggested alternatives.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134193588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010006
محمّد عليّ حسين أحمد, رانيا روحي محمود كامل
{"title":"الخصائص اللغويّة لمقدّمة شرح موسى بن ميمون على المشنا","authors":"محمّد عليّ حسين أحمد, رانيا روحي محمود كامل","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010006","url":null,"abstract":"This study sheds light on the Arabic introduction of Maimonides (1135-1204) to his commentary on the Mishnā, one of the most sacred texts in Judaism after the Torah. Maimonides wrote a detailed interpretation to the Mishnā in Arabic with Hebrew script, known as Judaeo-Arabic. The study discusses the most significant linguistic features of the Arabic used by Maimonides in his introduction to his commentary on the Mishnā, based on orthographic, phonetic, syntactic and lexical analysis.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131003324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-AbhathPub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.1163/18115586-67010001
R. Farrin
{"title":"A Revised Inner-Qurʾanic Chronology Based on Mean Verse Lengths and the Medina I Counting System","authors":"R. Farrin","doi":"10.1163/18115586-67010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18115586-67010001","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses mean verse length data to propose a relative timeline for the Qurʾan, proceeding from the work of Nicolai Sinai and others. The timeline is based on the general observation that the verses become longer over the course of revelation. The study uses the Medina I verse count, which research has indicated is more likely to be an original or stem system than the Kufan one printed in the Qurʾans of today. From the data, three periods emerge: Early Meccan, Later Meccan, and Medinan. Besides contributing to a specific timeline for receiving the suras, the data supports the formation of a Qurʾanic nucleus at an early stage in Mecca.","PeriodicalId":136552,"journal":{"name":"Al-Abhath","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125969780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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