Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin最新文献

{"title":"[GPT limit values in blood donors: lower, higher or eliminate completely?].","authors":"G Caspari, W H Gerlich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 3","pages":"142-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18645324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, GPT): a reevaluation of exclusion limits for blood donors].","authors":"R Grunenberg,&nbsp;N Banik,&nbsp;J Krüger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The screening policy of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) testing in blood donors was reassessed. The cutoff value for ALT levels according to German guidelines has always been controversial. In this study the activity and distribution of ALT in a blood donor population were reevaluated and new exclusion levels were defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>5,706 blood donors were tested for ALT activities with the Reflotron system at 37 degrees C. Donors with ALT levels > 51 IU/l were deferred, a detailed physical examination and additional serologic and biochemical testing were done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ALT values of blood donors were transformed in logarithmic values in order to get a Gaussian distribution. The mean transformed value +/- SD was calculated with 1.24 +/- 0.14 for females and with 1.35 +/- 0.16 for males, corresponding to mean values of ALT activity of 17.6 and 22.5 IU/l, respectively. Exclusion levels of > 33.4 IU/l for female and > 46.7 IU/l for male blood donors (geometric mean +2.0 SD) predict a loss of donations of 2.8 and 2.7%, respectively, cutoff values of > 39.1 or > 56.1 IU/l (geometric mean +2.5 SD) a loss of 1.8 and 1.4%, respectively. The most likely causes of elevated ALT levels in 166 of our donors included daily alcohol use (82), infections with/without antibiotic medication (29), therapy with hepatotoxic drugs (8), strenuous exercises (5), bodybuilding complemented by anabolic steroids (2), acute infections with HCV (1), HBV (1) and CMV (1), alcohol/drug abuse and detection of HCV antibodies (1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ALT screening is still considered a useful indicator of risk donors despite its nonspecificity and limited predictive value. The selection of the appropriate cutoff value has always been disputed. The present exclusion level of > 45 IU/l (25 degrees C), analogous to > 81.8 IU/l (37 degrees C), does not even take into account such a variable as sex. The cutoff value above 4.5 SD of the geometric mean for females and above 3.5 SD for males seems to be of limited medical and practical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 3","pages":"145-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18645325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of PEEP ventilation on liver metabolism.","authors":"T Schricker,&nbsp;B Kugler,&nbsp;M Schywalsky,&nbsp;G Braun,&nbsp;K Träger,&nbsp;M Georgieff","doi":"10.1159/000223118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000223118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the influence of positive endexpiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation on metabolic parameters with specific regard to liver metabolism.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective experimental study on the effects of PEEP ventilation on hemodynamic and gas exchange as well as metabolic parameters, i.e. hepatic glucose production, arterial, hepatic and portal venous insulin, glucagon, free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, beta-hydroxybutyrate and lactate concentrations.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Experimental Laboratory Unit of the University Hospital.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>10 Labrador Beagle dogs (18-22 kg) were studied.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Animals were ventilated with PEEP of 0, 7.5, 15, and 0 mm Hg, each level lasting 2 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PEEP 15 significantly increased heart rate from 110(70) to 220(55) beats/min and decreased cardiac output from 2.5 (2.0) to 1.5 (0.8) l/min. This was associated with significant increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, portal and hepatic venous pressure, whereas mean systemic pressure did not change. While whole-body oxygen consumption and respiratory quotient remained constant, whole-body oxygen delivery significantly decreased from 456(266) to 294(168) ml/min during PEEP 15 concomitant to augmented whole-body oxygen extraction (from 27(34) to 51(33)%). Oxygen extraction from the splanchnic organs increased from 41(31) to 81(30)%. Hepatic venous oxygen tension (PhvO2) and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (ShvO2) during PEEP 15 decreased from 41(18) to 28(47) mm Hg and from 60(31) to 18(66)%, respectively. Hepatic glucose production was significantly stimulated from 3.44(1.44) to 3.92(1.83) mg/kg/min at PEEP 15. Arterial and portalvenous glucagon/insulin ratios did not change. FFA and glycerol concentrations depending on PEEP levels were significantly higher in the hepatic artery and portal vein than in the hepatic vein. Compared to portal venous and arterial hepatic concentrations, hepatic venous beta-hydroxybutyrate significantly increased with rising PEEP levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low values of PhvO2 and ShvO2 during PEEP 15 gave evidence for hypoxia of the liver. This was associated with a stimulated hepatic glucose production rate accompanied by enhanced hepatic uptake and utilization of FFA serving as fuel substrates. As the rate of gluconeogenesis is a major determinant of hepatic oxygen consumption these metabolic effects of PEEP ventilation have to be considered during states of critical illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 3","pages":"168-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000223118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18645327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Validation of a computer-assisted procedure for producing blood and blood component transfusions].","authors":"F Reinhardt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The validation of computer-aided methods in the production of stored blood and blood components represents for a pharmaceutical institution a basic condition for the carrying out of the decrees of pharmaceutical companies. When validating computer-aided methods in medicine or pharmacy, the fields of informatics and technology have to be linked to applications in medicine and pharmacy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In many cases the methods for the documented proof that a system achieves the expected capacity are too complex, so that a validation is only practicable in module groups. This is shown with an example of the blood typing on microtiter plates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the selection of the hard- and software according to the safety criteria of information technology taking into consideration functional classes and degrees of quality, a complete documentation of the validation of blood typing on the microtiter plate was carried out.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 3","pages":"196-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18645329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Immunosuppressive effect of parenteral fat emulsions in defined immunostimulation].","authors":"H Grimm,&nbsp;A Tibell,&nbsp;B Norrlind,&nbsp;J Schott,&nbsp;R M Bohle,&nbsp;C Papavassilis,&nbsp;D Führer,&nbsp;K Mayer,&nbsp;F Grimminger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the heterotopic rat heart allotransplant model we have previously shown that intravenous fat emulsions are to a various extent immunosuppressive or immunoneutral, dependent on their n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio. Safflower oil (n-3: n-6 = 1:370), fish oil (7.6:1) and soybean oil (1:6.5) prolonged the transplant survival time to 13.3, 12.3 and 10.4 days compared to 6.7 days (oil control group; 1.2.1) and 7.8 days (saline control group) (p < 0.01), respectively. This study presents a correlation of graft survival to immunohistological, cell biological and biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>20% emulsions of safflower oil, fish oil, soybean oil and a 1:1 mixture of safflower and fish oil (oil control group) were continuously infused (9 g fat/kg body weight/day; n = 10 each group) after transplantation. Subpopulations of infiltrating and circulating immunocompetent cells and leukotriene B4 and B5 release of circulating mononuclear cells were analyzed (on the 4th postoperative day).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 2 groups with the highest prolongation of graft survival the number of infiltrating cells was reduced by up to 40% and the peripheral blood mononuclear cell interleukin-6 release by up to 45%. Beyond that, circulating T cells were reduced in the fish oil group. Leukotriene B4 was released in all groups to the same extent, leukotriene B5 exclusively in the fish oil group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravenous fat emulsions show a varying immunomodulatory effect in dependence of the n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio. Both n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, if applied as main fatty acid source, exert immunosuppressive effects by a diminished infiltration and mobilisation of immunocompetent cells. Soybean oil with a more balanced n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio than safflower oil is significantly less immunosuppressive than safflower oil, and fat emulsions with a n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio of 1:2 are immunologically neutral.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"110-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The F-cell ratio: a clinically important parameter or just fine tuning?","authors":"J P Isbister","doi":"10.1159/000223101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000223101","url":null,"abstract":"Prof. James P. Isbister, Head, Department of Haematology Royal North Shore, Hospital of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW Australia 2065, Adjunct Professor, School of Biological Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney Determination of the venous haematocrit is one of the simplest and oldest tests in laboratory medicine. However, its interpretation from a physiological and pathophysiological point of view remains controversial and is frequently associated with dogma and confusion. For most of this century it has been repeatedly questioned as to what is the true relationship between the haematocrit of blood obtained from the macro-circulation and that of the circulation as a whole [1,2]. What variation is there in haematocrit between the macroand microcirculation and between different organs of the body, and do these relationships change with alterations in blood volume, red cell mass or plasma volume, and is the relationship altered by disease states? It is now generally accepted that the haematocrit of blood in macrocirculation is different from that obtained when the red cell mass and plasma volume are measured independently (body haematocrit). In the stable state in a normal person the relationship of the body haematocrit to the venous haematocrit is approximately 0.9, this is termed the F-cell ratio. This means that the venous haematocrit is 10% higher than that of the body haematocrit. The reasons for this have been debated over the years, and initially it was thought to be related to problems in accurately measuring red cell mass and/or plasma volume. In particular, methods used for measuring the plasma volume may have led to an overestimation due to leaking of the marker into the interstitium. This appears to be a relatively minor problem if plasma volume measurement techniques are carried out with due attention to detail. It is now accepted that the F-cell ratio represents variations in the red cell mass distribution within the vascular space. The haematocrit in the microcirculation is lower than that in the macrocirculation. In essence this means that the red cell mass circulates faster than the plasma. The hae-modilution in small vessels was first postulated by Fahraeus and is now generally accepted. The individual organs of the body autoregulate their own microcirculatory flow and haematocrit by the process of vasomotion. The F-cell ratio has been shown to vary under different circumstances. Can the F-cell ratio of 0.9 be used as a constant when calculating the total blood volume by measuring only one of its components (i. e. red cell mass or plasma volume) or should both parameters be measured to ensure and accurate result? There has been controversy over the years as to whether the ratio is affected by anaemia or polycythaemia. Chaplin et al. originally demonstrated that there was consistency in the F-cell ratio over a wide haematocrit range [3]. As a result of these studies a standard correction factor has been used (usually F-cell ration","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"69-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000223101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Suitability of monoclonal test sera for determination of blood group markers in positive direct Coombs test].","authors":"E Strobel,&nbsp;J Wüllenweber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monoclonal reagents of the IgM type allow to test some red blood cell antigens (K; Jka; Jkb) by the tube centrifugation method at room temperature, for the examination of which the indirect antiglobulin test was necessary in the past. This permits to test antigens also when the direct antiglobulin test is positive, provided the sera do not contain too much supplement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We tested a choice of monoclonal reagents of different manufacturers (for the ABO system, A subgroups, the Rhesus, MN, Kell, Kidd and Lewis system) for their ability to examine antibody-coated erythrocytes. To recognize false-positive reactions of the reagents, erythrocytes without the particular antigen were coated with an incomplete antibody, and then the reagent was tested with these self-made Coombs control cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no false-positive reactions for all tested anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB, and anti-A1 reagents. Some anti-C, anti-c, anti-E, anti-e and anti-N reagents showed weak false-positive reactions, some anti-H, anti-D, anti-K, anti-Jka, anti-Jkb, anti-Lea, anti-Leb and anti-M reagents stronger false-positive reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"117-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid-enriched glucose-insulin-potassium infusion improves hemodynamic function after coronary bypass surgery. A double-blind study in patients with unstable angina and/or compromised left ventricular function.","authors":"J O Wistbacka,&nbsp;M V Lepojärvi,&nbsp;K E Karlqvist,&nbsp;J Koistinen,&nbsp;P K Kaukoranta,&nbsp;J Nissinen,&nbsp;T Peltola,&nbsp;P Rainio,&nbsp;A Ruokonen,&nbsp;L S Nuutinen","doi":"10.1159/000223104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000223104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to assess the effects of a combination of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) and the amino acids aspartate and glutamate upon perioperative hemodynamics in coronary surgery patients with unstable angina and/or compromised left ventricular function.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, randomized, and double-blind clinical study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Operating theatre and intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>44 coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients with unstable angina and/or compromised left ventricular function.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>22 patients (group A) were given 1l of an infusion with 250g glucose, 100 I.U. fast-acting human insulin, 72 mmol potassium, 32 mmol magnesium, 20 mmol phosphate, 65 mmol aspartate, and 65 mmol glutamate, while another 22 patients (group C) were given 1l of an infusion with 50 g glucose, 72 mmol potassium, 32 mmol magnesium, and 8 mmol phosphate. The infusion rate was 1.2 ml/kg/h from the anesthesia induction onward to the commencement of cardiopulmonary bypass, when it was reduced to 0.8 ml/kg/h. When 11 had been infused, but not later than 4 a.m., the infusion was continued by giving 10% glucose at the same rate to both groups. Additional insulin (median: 14.2 I.U., range: 0-41.5) or saline was given during bypass to the A and C patients, respectively. A blood cardioplegia technique containing aspartate and glutamate was used in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At aortic cannulation, the cardiac index (CI) had increased from the pre-anesthetic level by 15.3% (mean) (SD: 31.7%) in group A and decreased by 7.7% (15.1%) in C patients, p = 0.0069. Also the changes in stroke index (SI; p = 0.022), left (LVSWI; p = 0.0037) and right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI; p = 0.0097) were more favorable in group A. Despite longer aortic cross-clamp, p = 0.031, and perfusion times, p = 0.042, in A patients, the change in cardiac index was also better in this group after bypass: At decannulation, the difference between mean values was 31.8%, p = 0.0001, and at arrival in the ICU it was 16.1%, p = 0.028. The same was also seen 8 h postoperatively and on the 1st and 2nd postoperative mornings; p = 0.034, 0.040, and 0.037, respectively (Wilcoxon test). Favorable changes were seen for the A patients also regarding SI at decannulation (p = 0.0002) and after 8 h (p = 0.017); LVSWI at decannulation (p = 0.0002), at arrival in the ICU (p = 0.0023), and after 8 h (p = 0.0011); and RVSWI at decannulation (p = 0.0027), at the ICU (p = 0.021), after 8 h (p = 0.014), and on the 1st postoperative morning (p = 0.039). However, the response to a hemodynamic loading test (6% hydroxyethyl starch 5 ml/kg) was similar in the 2 groups, and there was no difference in the need for inotropic support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Amino acid-enriched GIK infusion improves hemodynamic funct","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000223104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term evaluation of a continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system in patients with severe respiratory failure.","authors":"E Kilger,&nbsp;J Briegel,&nbsp;G Schelling,&nbsp;J Polasek,&nbsp;W Manert,&nbsp;J Groh,&nbsp;M Haller","doi":"10.1159/000223106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000223106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of a new continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system (IABG; PB3300, Puritan Bennett) over a prolonged period of time (> 7 days).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective criterion standard study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Anesthesiological intensive care unit in a university hospital.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>11 sensors were tested in 10 mechanically ventilated patients with severe respiratory failure.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>PO2, PCO2, and pH measured using IABG were compared to values obtained from 2 conventional blood gas analyzers. The quality of blood pressure tracings was assessed using a scoring system consisting of 5 grades.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median study period was 205h/sensor (range: 169-506h). 320 blood samples were obtained. The ranges of measured parameters were: PO2 = 46-433 mmHg, PCO2 = 25-79 mmHg, pH = 7.25-7.55. The mean (SD) differences for the whole study period were: -4.3 (11.9) mmHg for PO2, for the clinically important range (PO2 < 150 mmHg) -1.9 (5.4) mmHg, -2.8 (4.5) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.03 (0.04) for the pH value. The MD (SD) in relation to the sensor lifetime were for days 1-3: -1.1 (5.1) mmHg for PO2, -0.4 (3.9) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.01 (0.03) for the pH value; for days 4-6: -1.5 (6.0) mmHg for PO2, -3.3 (4.0) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.03 (0.03) for the pH value; for days 7-9: -2.5 (4.7) mmHg for PO2, -5.1 (4.6) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.04 (0.04) for the pH value; for days > 9: -4.9 (4.4) mmHg for PO2, -5.3 (4.1) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.05 (0.03) for the pH value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IABG reliably measured blood gases and pH values with acceptable clinical performance based on the overall results. There was, however, a decline in the agreement of the sensors and conventional values with increasing sensor lifetime. The mean differences (bias) and the standard deviation of differences (precision) of PO2, PCO2 and the pH values were acceptable for clinical purposes up to day 6. The arterial blood pressure tracings and blood withdrawal were not adversely affected. No side effects due to the sensors occurred. In summary, a prolonged sensor use for a period of up to 6 days appears to be reasonable. This system offers on-line information on oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status and allows immediate detection of acute and potentially life-threatening events.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"98-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000223106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein synthesis in specific tissues during sepsis.","authors":"M Planas,&nbsp;S Schwartz,&nbsp;E García-Arumí,&nbsp;A Andreu,&nbsp;M Farriol,&nbsp;J López","doi":"10.1159/000223107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000223107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hypothesis that fractional protein synthesis rates (Ks) are tissue-specific and bidirectional during sepsis was tested in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ks in liver, triceps muscle, and diaphragm were measured in septic (n = 27) and control rats (n = 26). Sepsis was induced by a reproducible model established in our laboratory (intraperitoneal injection of sterile NaOH 0.75 N at 0.075 ml/100 g of body weight). Ks were measured using the flooding-dose method in tissue obtained from the diaphragm, liver, and from the triceps muscle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In hepatic and diaphragmatic tissue, Ks were significantly higher in the septic animals (Ks: 112.2 +/- 8 and 5.4 +/- 1.9, respectively) than in control animals (Ks: 78.5 +/- 13 and 2.9 +/- 1.7, respectively). In the triceps, Ks were significantly lower in septic animals (Ks: 2.9 +/- 1.4) than in control animals (Ks: 5 +/- 1.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that in septic animals the rate of protein synthesis is enhanced in tissues of priority, such as the liver, and varies in response to differences in muscle activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13632,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und Transfusionsmedizin","volume":"22 2","pages":"106-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000223107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18787354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}