Melioration and Water Management最新文献

{"title":"Features of irrigation erosion in Western Siberia (on the example of the Novosibirsk region)","authors":"M. Ustinov, Mihail Glistin, D. Efremenko","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-11-17","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the regional features of irrigated soils in Western Siberia, on the basis of an assessment of natural water erosion, irrigation erosion is considered and a \"transect-caten\" method is proposed for its identification, assessment and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125192032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTABLISHMENT AND INTEGRATED USE OF CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESOURCES OF AGROMELIORATIVE SYSTEMS","authors":"S. Kupriyanova, M. Vlasov","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-27-32","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Despite attempts to improve the assessment of various types of resources of the agro-industrial complex, carried out by well-known Russian and foreign scientists, to date, general methodological and methodological approaches have not been developed, and there is also no unified system of criteria and indicators that takes into account the level of availability and assessment of various types of resources in agro-melioration. systems. It should be noted that a low indicator of several or even one type of resource will certainly reduce the efficiency of using all other types of resources of agromeliorative systems, therefore their comprehensive assessment is an urgent task that has undoubted practical importance in terms of the impact on the efficiency and sustainability of development of not only agromeliorative systems, but also the entire agro-industrial complex. An object. The object of research was agromeliorative systems in the context of the main types of their resources. Target. The aim of the study was to substantiate, assess and comprehensively use the permanently interacting natural, economic, labor, financial, investment and infrastructural resources of agro-reclamation systems as criteria for assessing their effectiveness. Materials and methods. Using the methods of complex and system analysis, the main types of resources of agro-reclamation systems were identified, a quantitative and qualitative analysis based on a comprehensive assessment of indicators of both the availability of these resources and the efficiency of their use was carried out, the author's approach to assessing various types of resources of agro-reclamation systems and the efficiency of their use was proposed. Results and conclusions. At the first stage, a system of criteria was formed to assess the availability of various types of resources of agro-reclamation systems, taking into account not only the quantitative component, but also the qualitative one, reflecting the efficiency of using certain types of resources, the provision of agro-reclamation systems with these types of resources; at the second, individual indicators of various types of resources of agro-reclamation systems were determined. for each factor of production, which are consolidated into a group efficiency index, on the third, the efficiency of using the resources of agro-reclamation systems was assessed based on the proposed indicators, and on the fourth, the ranking of agro-reclamation systems was carried out and recommendations were formulated to improve the efficiency of using the resources of agro-reclamation systems. A synergistic effect is noted that arises as a result of the joint influence of agro-resource components: modern agricultural technologies, selection and moisture supply, revealed and substantiated by the change in the yield of grain crops (excluding rice) and rice in Russia, as well as the average annual growth rate of the yield of rice and grain crops for the period ","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129734552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF MODELING THE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER RESOURCES ON SYSTEMS OF DUAL REGULATION OF THE WATER REGIME OF SOILS","authors":"Vyacheslav Schedrin, A. Kozhanov, V. Korzhov, I. Korzhov","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-38-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2022-1-38-43","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to develop a modeling methodology for solving problems associated with the creation of simulation models and means of information and technological support for the tasks of allocating water resources on drainage systems for double regulation of the water regime of soils. The methodological and informational basis of the work was formed by the experience of creating and operating existing means of information technology support for the design and operation of double regulation drainage systems, the provisions of normative and technical documents on the automation of systems, as well as the design features of drainage and humidification and drainage systems. irrigation systems. As a result of studies of the problem of distribution of water resources on a specific system, the main stages were determined: the allocation of its blocks for which a system of water resources regulation is being developed, the allocation of subsystems in the structure, classification of tasks in subsystems, construction of an information model of the system, construction of a complex of models. To solve the problem associated with the development of simulation models and means of information technology support for the tasks of water resources distribution on dual control systems, it is proposed to use the method of contour modeling of water resources management regimes. The essence of the methodology consists in identifying characteristic contours in the structure of the water distribution network, for which you can use standard modeling algorithms and tools (quickly adjusted to the parameters of these contours) and sequentially calculating the parameters of the distribution of water resources for each of them. In this connection, the main control loops have been determined: the control loop «Water consumer № 1, 2 ... n», «Group of water consumers № 1, 2 ... n», «Section of the system № 1, 2 ... n» and «System». The proposed technique allows you to select typical control loops and then, in the selected standard loop, select characteristic control loops, along which simulation modeling of the processes of regulating the distribution of water resources over all control loops is carried out. The carried out simulation modeling of regulation processes throughout the «system» can be used by the maintenance service of the double regulation drainage system as variations in solutions when controlling the operation of regulatory structures, pumping stations and other structures of the system used to control water distribution.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131881627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irrigation is an important factor in increasing the productivity of sugar beet in Bashkortostan","authors":"Mikhail Zhigulev, D. Shorokhov, A. Komissarov, D. Islamgulov","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"When cultivating sugar beet in the southern forest-steppe zone of Bashkortostan, there is a shortage of soil moisture for 23-64 days. To optimize the water regime of the soils under sugar beet crops, it is required to carry out 3-4 irrigations with a norm of 200 to 700 m3/ha (the irrigation norm is 1150-1650 m3/ha). The highest yield (72.1 t / ha) and the gross sugar harvest (10.67 t / ha) were achieved when irrigation was combined with fertilizers at a dose of N220P240K220, but the highest payback of the active substance of fertilizers and net income were obtained when applying N165P180K165. Production experiments in the steppe zone of Bashkortostan (Buzdyaksky district) they also showed high efficiency of irrigation of sugar beet, the yield of which was 2.4 times higher compared to non-irrigated36","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131359849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF THE PHYSICAL PRINCIPLE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF THE STUDIED PROCESSES IN RECLAMATION SCIENCE","authors":"A. Likhatsevich","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-30-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-30-36","url":null,"abstract":"When constructing experimental mathematical models of the processes under study, it is proposed to use mathematical modeling based on the physical principle of the balance of cause-and-effect interactions in a closed physical system. The essence of this principle is revealed and examples of its application are given in the derivation of the \"Darcy's law\", the formula of S.F. Averyanov, who connects the moisture conductivity of the soil with the filtration coefficient, when substantiating the structure of the mathematical model of agricultural crops yield","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131529734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENERGY SAVING WITH MULTI-SUPPORT IRRIGATION SPRINKLING MACHINES","authors":"Nikolay Ryzhko, S. Ryzhko, S. Khorin","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research is caused by the need to reduce energy losses during irrigation and improve the quality of irrigation of the «Fregat» sprinkling machines. The article describes a low-pressure sprinkling machine «Fregat» with an additional polyethylene pipeline and a filter that provides fine cleaning of water from debris and feed to the hydraulic drives of the sprinkling machine’s carts. The formulas are given and the sequence for calculating the di-ameter of the additional polyethylene pipeline and the pressure at the inlet to the machine, de-pending on its modification, is shown. When using an additional polyethylene pipeline with a diameter of 63 mm and the cyclicity of the hydraulic cylinder of the last cart equal to 4 strokes/min, the pressure at the inlet of machines of various modifications decreases from 0.53-0.7 MPa to 0.37-0.45 MPa or 1.3-1.5 times. For such machines, in order to increase the movement speed by 2-4 times, the hydraulic cylinders are fed with water from an additional polyethylene pipeline only in the second half of the length of the machine pipeline. Researches have confirmed the high efficiency of modificating the «Fregat» sprinkling machine to a low-pressure operating mode, which leads to optimization of the pumping station operation, also increases the number of simultaneously operating machines, decreases the time of irrigation of an irrigated area and a decreases an electricity consumption for irrigation.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131826763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal migration in the sediments of the lake Seliger","authors":"Nikolay Kolomiycev, B. Korzhenevsky, T. Ilyina, G. Tolkachev","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-8-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-8-14","url":null,"abstract":"The Lake Seliger is one of the landscape and climatic gems of the central part of European Russia. Traditionally, this territory has been the object of expansion of both organized and unorganized tourists. Several dozen localities and the city of Ostashkov have contributed and continue to contribute to the creation of a natural and man-made system in the territory under consideration. \u0000Although the population and the intensity of industrial production have declined somewhat in recent years, the number of civilian facilities, often located within water protection zones, has increased. \u0000The consequence of this is the contamination of the sediments of the lake with heavy metals, which has been studied by the authors since 2000. The most pronounced is the chromium contamination, the ≪culprit≫ of which is a tannery that was actively operating in Soviet times, although the activity of the negative impact of which has significantly decreased in recent years. Monitoring of chromium contamination, the results of which show a very high degree of contamination in some points close to the source of its receipt, indicates the presence of a certain number of ≪hot spots≫. The study of the distribution of other heavy metals in the sediments shows that so far the level of contamination of silt with them is not cause for concern, but most of them enter the lake from unorganized sources. \u0000The current state of the lake does not yet cause serious concerns about contamination with heavy metals, except chromium, but the periodic monitoring of this area is necessary for a competent assessment of changes in its geoecological state.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130597947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive potential of reclamation systems","authors":"Aleksandr Anzhenkov","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-41-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-41-44","url":null,"abstract":"The systemic significance of the water regime and its influence on crop yields are given. The basic elements of substantiation of the direction of adaptation of reclamation systems in modern climatic conditions are given. The actual problems of the formation of conditions for the transformation of drainage and drainage-humidifying systems are considered. The directions of adaptation of the use of reclaimed lands in order to minimize the cost of reconstruction are considered","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132963201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agroengineering technology for the rice irrigation systems to manage drainage flow quality","authors":"L. Kireycheva, Супрун В","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-4-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-4-8","url":null,"abstract":"Under condition of water shortage slow-mineralized drainage water coming from the rice irrigation systems can be used as an additional source of water. Agro-engineering technology on drain-age flow treatment and its reusing for irrigation has been devel-oped and tested by the authors. Agro-engineering technology in-cludes: \u00001) biosorption facility to remove mineralsalts with the help of specially selected natural mineral sorbents, \u00002) higher aquatic vegetation to absorb biogenic substances; \u00003) the developed new sorbent to provide water conditioning. The results of biosorption facility testing carried out at the Sarpin irrigation system in the Republic of Kalmykia showed its high ef-ficiency. \u0000A decrease in drainage flow mineralization was observed (from 4.3 to 0.66 g/l), while chlorine decreased from 78 to 28 mg/l, as well as calcium increased from 100 to 124 mg/l. So the efficiency of the suggested technique of drainage flow treatment is rather high which made it possible to use purified drainage flow for irrigation purposes without negative consequences. The appli-cation of the developed technology will get an economic effect by reducing the cost of water supply for the rice irrigation system.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"7 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115117329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative methods to improving the irrigation technology of crops in Tajikistan","authors":"Erash Pulatov, Sh.A. Pulatov, F. Rasulov, Gulafruz Rozokova","doi":"10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-14-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32962/0235-2524-2021-6-14-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of long-term studies on the development of innovative water/resource-saving and environ-mentally friendly technologies for irrigation practices of crops in a global climate change context in the Republic of Tajikistan. \u0000The dependence of the yield of grapes, alfalfa, corn on the irrigation rate in the conditions of the Gissar and Vakhsh valleys, as well as the Sughd region of Tajikistan have been established. The effectiveness of the use of hydrogel and film mulching material has been proven. The recommended innovative irrigation technologies allow saving 50 % of irrigation water, increasing productivity by 2–2.5 times and productivity of the employees by 2 times.","PeriodicalId":136110,"journal":{"name":"Melioration and Water Management","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123831550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}