AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1109/45.544032
S. Eick, Daniel E. Fyock
{"title":"Visualizing corporate data","authors":"S. Eick, Daniel E. Fyock","doi":"10.1109/45.544032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/45.544032","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate databases have been recognized as strategic assets, and a successful corporation will make full use of its data resources to gain competitive advantage to better manage its business. Visualization is a key technology for extracting information from data, therefore, it is becoming increasingly important in our information rich society. It complements other analytic, model based approaches and exploits human pattern perception. Visualization can help users to navigate and explore the fast-growing number of data warehouses far more easily, and to rapidly discover the information hidden within volumes of data.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126878129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771126
Yennun Huang, C. Kintala, L. Bernstein, Yi-Min Wang
{"title":"Components for software fault tolerance and rejuvenation","authors":"Yennun Huang, C. Kintala, L. Bernstein, Yi-Min Wang","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771126","url":null,"abstract":"Software fault tolerance is the task of detecting and recovering from failures that are not handled in the underlying hardware or operating system layers of an application. Software rejuvenation prevents failures by periodically, and gracefully, terminating an application and restarting it at a clean internal state. This paper describes five reusable software components that provide these capabilities. They perform automatic detection and restart of failed processes, checkpointing and recovery of data in memory, replication and synchronization of files, and software rejuvenation. These components, which have been ported to a number of UNIX∗ platforms, can be used in any application with minimal programming effort. The fault tolerance capabilities of several communication products and services in AT&T have been enhanced by incorporating these components. Experience with these products to date indicates that the components provide efficient, economical means to increase the level of fault tolerance in an application.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116867968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771125
Dave K. Kythe
{"title":"The promise of distributed business components","authors":"Dave K. Kythe","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771125","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the advantages of replacing hand-crafted software with reusable components as a solution to the software crisis. Object-oriented programming provides insights on how to build components. Because components must have distributed implementations and well-defined interfaces, both the Microsoft Component Object Model (COM) and the Object Management Group (OMG) Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) models are described as distributed object architectures to support reusable components. A transaction processing monitor is also necessary for accessing business logic and the information contained in relational databases. Components are composed of object-oriented frameworks based on models of the problem domain or business.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124232339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771130
S. Gelman, W. Peck
{"title":"Bringing business information to AT&T network systems through a data warehouse","authors":"S. Gelman, W. Peck","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771130","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of data warehousing originated from the observation that the systems used to run businesses on a daily basis differ fundamentally from those employed to help plan and develop future businesses. For example, operational systems are generally focused on specific functional views based on the needs of a single aspect of the business. However, managers need information that shows relationships, trends, and correlations about different kinds of data, integrating several functions into a broader view. Historically, systems and manual processes were established to gather management data from the various operational data sources — one for each kind of decision. Extracting and combining such data from different systems is time consuming and often leads to inconsistent results. Users must accommodate printed reports, manual reentry of data into spreadsheets, and significant rework to produce summary reports that match the way they manage the business. Furthermore, by the time some of these reports are ready, the data are no longer current. The Warehouse of Information for Network Systems (WINS) provides needed information to AT&T Network Systems (AT&T-NS) managers world wide. WINS transforms operational and financial data into consolidated business views that are used to analyze certain activities and to make management decisions. This paper discusses the importance of WINS to the business management strategy of AT&T-NS, the WINS technical architecture, the status of WINS, and plans for future implementation.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122960828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771128
Joseph O. Bergholm, J. M. Davis, Behzad Nadji, P. D. Ting
{"title":"Service design and inventory system - An object-oriented reusable software asset","authors":"Joseph O. Bergholm, J. M. Davis, Behzad Nadji, P. D. Ting","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771128","url":null,"abstract":"Competition and the fast pace of technological evolution in today's global telecommunications industry are placing unique demands on the flexibility of operations support software systems. The industry must be capable of rapidly introducing new services, technologies, and organizational structures. Networks must be capable of being partitioned for various applications and administered based on complex ownership relationships among the various network components. User permissions must be readily adaptable to reflect various combinations of services, network partitions, and work functions. To meet the time constraints of the market, telecommunications providers require the ability to configure systems to meet their needs without relying on traditional software development intervals and external software development resources. Traditional software development methodologies generally do not provide the timeliness and flexibility required. The Service Design and Inventory (SDI) system — also known as the Attribute Design Database System (ADDS) — has achieved a high degree of reusability and customer-configurable adaptability through a unique application of object-oriented technology.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116712298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771124
J. C. Cleaveland, J. Fertig, George W. Newsome
{"title":"Dividing the software pie","authors":"J. C. Cleaveland, J. Fertig, George W. Newsome","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771124","url":null,"abstract":"Systematic software reuse, or multiuse, is a key to increasing the productivity and quality of software development. In the past 20 years, reuse has experienced many failures and few successes. Many technological, organizational, and cultural obstacles have been placed in its path. A critical step to increasing software reuse is to recognize that a new division of labor is required, one in which component developers create reusable components and product developers compose products from these components. Changing organizational structure and software development processes to nurture these roles is challenging. Once these roles are recognized and established, however, standard abstraction techniques and other software reuse technologies can help separate the concerns of component developers and product developers. This paper illustrates the separation of concerns by examining its application to interfaces, a particularly difficult area in which these concerns are traditionally intertwined.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123066174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771129
Andrew C. Carlson, William R. Brook, Christopher L. F. Haynes
{"title":"Experiences with distributed objects","authors":"Andrew C. Carlson, William R. Brook, Christopher L. F. Haynes","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771129","url":null,"abstract":"There has been much talk of the potential of object (component-oriented) technology for building distributed systems, especially on-line transaction services, but few opportunities or imperatives to actually use it in production systems. One such opportunity arose in the United Kingdom (UK), when legislation covering the provision of life insurance quotations changed in January 1995, rendering obsolete the existing national quotations service provided by AT&T. The necessity for change, even radical change, in the system that produced these insurance quotations had become clear nine months earlier. At that time, managers and support staff of the existing service became aware that the changes required by the legislation could not be made rapidly enough, nor reliably enough, using conventional development techniques. This paper describes how a team of developers in AT&T ISTEL used distributed objects and the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) standard to implement the updated system in time for the change in legislation. Running across more than 50 Windows NT∗ servers, the system has given distributed objects operational credibility and provided valuable lessons on the technology adoption process.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131487730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771127
John K. Whetzel
{"title":"Integrating the world wide web and database technology","authors":"John K. Whetzel","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771127","url":null,"abstract":"The recent popularity of the World Wide Web (WWW, or the Web) has created a massive increase in both the supply and demand of Web-based technologies. However, the HyperText Markup Language (HTML) used to construct the Web has limitations that challenge information content providers who want to supply current, up-to-date information with minimal administrative overhead. A powerful, extensible solution to many of these challenges is the use of a database as a back end, or data source, for Web applications. Combining the Web with a database maximizes the strengths of its components. From the Web perspective, this combination offers user friendliness, cross-platform compatibility, and high-speed prototyping capabilities. From the database perspective, it offers relational data manipulation, high-speed search capabilities, and industrial-grade data input and retrieval. This paper describes experiences of application developers working at NCR, formerly AT&T Global Information Solutions. It also analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the Web/database combination and seeks to prove that this combination is a viable alternative for providing database-oriented solutions.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129211705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771123
Stephen Chen, T. S. Chow
{"title":"Information technology - Reuse technologies and applications","authors":"Stephen Chen, T. S. Chow","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6771123","url":null,"abstract":"The previous issue of the AT&T Technical Journal on information technology (IT) focused on best practices in IT design and development, addressing both project management and technical areas. Reuse technologies and applications are discussed in this issue.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114414641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AT&T Tech. J.Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6772887
L. Bernstein
{"title":"Software in the large","authors":"L. Bernstein","doi":"10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6772887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15325/ATTTJ.1996.6772887","url":null,"abstract":"Large software projects — those that require more than 100 people to develop — are difficult to manage. They usually take more than one year to complete and only one in ten finish on time, within budget, and with the features users need. It is not the people, but how they are deployed, that is the critical issue in managing a large software project. One strategy is to partition the project into a collection of smaller ones, provide the technology and organizational structures to tie these parts together, employ common tools and processes, and schedule formal partial product delivery dates within the project. Management also must maintain a humanistic point of view to keep the project workers focused on their goals, as these workers typically are affiliated with different business units, work in different locations, and have different responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":135932,"journal":{"name":"AT&T Tech. J.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116689859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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