Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.24

Tomoyoshi Naito

{"title":"Multidisciplinary co-development of a chronic constipation management education programme for older people with dementia and the establishment of a model facility","authors":"Tomoyoshi Naito","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.24","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic constipation (CC) is prevalent among the elderly population and particularly those with dementia. Associate Professor Tomoyoshi Naito, School of Nursing, Seirei Christopher University, Japan, is exploring supportive care of elderly patients with dementia. He is working with collaborators to develop a multidisciplinary CC management education programme for healthcare professionals involved with elderly patients suffering from dementia. The researchers will also build a model facility to implement and verify the impact of the programme. Part of this research concerns gaining a more in-depth understanding of management and care techniques, based on the Japanese Chronic Constipation Treatment Guidelines from 2017, especially in relation to the diet and differentiation of chronic functional constipation. The goal is to reduce the number of painful medical procedures by enhancing therapy, exercise therapy, lifestyle guidance and making it possible to select step-by-step drug therapy. The programme will be executed at two facilities in Japan, targeting specialist caregivers who work with elderly patients with dementia, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals. They will receive basic education on chronic constipation in elderly people with dementia, as well as practical training on the management of CC in addition to self-training and evaluations based on case studies. In a randomised controlled trial, Naito sought to verify the impact of bowel training as a treatment for CC and found that, together with the training, encouraging patients to use appropriate defecation posture significantly improved the condition. This was associated with a corresponding improvement in the mental health and wellbeing of patients and caregivers.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research and development on therapeutic materials for corneal stromal disease consisting of transparent decellularised porcine corneas 透明脱细胞猪角膜基质病治疗材料的研究与开发

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.49

Yoshihide Hashimoto

{"title":"Research and development on therapeutic materials for corneal stromal disease consisting of transparent decellularised porcine corneas","authors":"Yoshihide Hashimoto","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.49","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations to discover potential corneal stromal substitutes to effectively treat corneal stromal disease tend to focus on transparent and bio-inert synthetic polymer materials and hydrogel materials. More recent studies are looking at alternative therapeutic materials that utilise corneas from pigs. Assistant Professor Yoshihide Hashimoto, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, is part of a team developing functional materials and therapeutic techniques to restore the function of damaged biological tissues and organs based on biomaterials and bioengineering. At present, the researchers are focused on restoring the function of corneas, but the research has the potential for broader applications. After blindness caused by clouding or shape change, corneal transplantation is the only effective treatment but there is a worldwide shortage of donated human corneas. To establish an advanced treatment for corneal diseases in combination with cell therapy, reliable artificial corneal stroma is required and Hashimoto and the team are exploring the potential of highly transparent decellularised porcine cornea for the treatment of corneal stroma disease. This has potential to overcome the issues associated with existing treatments and can also be developed for reconstruction of full-thickness cornea. In decellularised corneas, cellular components are removed from animal-derived corneal tissue. The method the team is using does not use surfactants, which means the functional proteins and tissue structure can be retained.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive identification of molecules at synapses and non-synaptic cell-adhesion structure 突触分子和非突触细胞粘附结构的综合鉴定

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.46

Tetsuya Takano

{"title":"Comprehensive identification of molecules at synapses and non-synaptic cell-adhesion structure","authors":"Tetsuya Takano","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.46","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is incredibly complex and there is so much we don't know about this organ and its mechanisms. Assistant Professor Tetsuya Takano, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan, is working to better understand neuroscience. One area of interest is neurons and astrocytes; specifically elucidating the protein component functions in each neural circuit. He and his team are working to shed light on the pathological mechanism of psychiatric and neurological disorders and, in doing so, enabling improved treatments and benefiting patients across the globe. The team has developed spatio-temporal proteome technologies: TurboID-surface and Split-TurboID, that can not only explain the formation and operation principle of neural networks, but also provide essential knowledge for research into psychiatric and neurological diseases. To overcome limitations associated with conventional proteome analysis, Takano and the team recently developed a new in vivo proximal-dependent biotin labelling (BioID) method. Using this, the researchers can label and analyse adjacent proteins with biotin, which enables them to comprehensively analyse local protein components within cells with extremely high spatial resolution. The team has used the BioID method to develop the Split-TurboID method and an innovative spatial proteome technique for searching for molecular groups among heterogeneous cells that makes it possible to comprehensively analyse the protein components in the vicinity of the adhesion site. Using the Split-TurboID method, the team has comprehensively searched for functional molecules between astrocytes and neurons and revealed that astrocytes directly control the formation of inhibitory synapses and neuronal activity in neurons via a novel tripartite synaptic molecule known as NRCAM.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidation of the organ fibrosis-inducing action of quinolinic acid and search for food ingredients that protect the body from organ fibrosis 阐明喹啉酸诱导器官纤维化的作用，寻找保护机体免受器官纤维化的食品成分

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.15

Ken-Ichi Kobayashi

{"title":"Elucidation of the organ fibrosis-inducing action of quinolinic acid and search for food ingredients that protect the body from organ fibrosis","authors":"Ken-Ichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"Fibrosis is a condition in which tissue thickens or scars in response to injury. It can affect multiple parts of the human body, including organs, but there are few treatments. The condition was previously thought to be irreversible but, since the discovery that fibrosis is not captured in any single particular organ, but is caused by a complex network of cells and organs, researchers believe there is a common pathophysiological mechanism at play, and the condition may be reversible. Professor Ken-Ichi Kobayashi, Notre Dame Seishin University, Japan, is working on a project to discover more about the mechanisms involved in organ fibrosis, with a focus on the role that quinolinic acid, a known neurotoxin, might play. Reports that quinolinic acid is increased in the brain in varied conditions led to the ‘Quinolinic Acid Hypothesis’. In a study focused on obesity-induced NASH diet, the researchers examined the effects on the liver and other organs and found that the kynurenine metabolic pathway was decreased in the liver of NASH. The team also demonstrated for the first time that fibrosis is enhanced in the liver and the kidney in a GAN diet-induced NASH mouse model. The researchers also showed that the liver and kidneys have very different effects on the kynurenine metabolic pathway. The researchers want to clarify the relationship with non-alcoholic fatty pancreas (NAFPD) and other organs, to better understand the pathomechanisms of organ fibrosis. Based on these findings, they are now focusing on renal fibrosis and researching food ingredients that prevent and improve organ fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fighting the good fight: Europeâ–™s Beating Cancer Plan 打好仗:欧洲<s:2>战胜癌症计划

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.4

Lucy Annette

{"title":"Fighting the good fight: Europeâ–™s Beating Cancer Plan","authors":"Lucy Annette","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer diagnoses are on the rise but survival rates are increasing thanks to advances in scientific and technological innovation, which have presented new prevention and treatment opportunities that are allowing people with cancer to live longer, healthier lives. Sustained research efforts are key to reducing the cancer burden and Europe's Beating Cancer Plan is an important part of the European Commission's (EC) ongoing action against the disease. It was adopted in February 2021 and represents an ongoing commitment to prevent cancer, support equal access to care and improve the lives of the many people affected by cancer. ´This is first and foremost about people. About celebrating and reinforcing resilience and treating cancer as a disease that can and must be overcome. A strong European Health Union is a Union where citizens are protected from avoidable cancers, where they have access to early screening and diagnosis, and where everyone is empowered with access to high quality care, at every step of the way. This is what we want to achieve with our Cancer Plan,´ said Stella Kyriakides, Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, upon the Plan's launch. It is structured around prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment and quality of life of cancer patients and survivors and built on 10 flagship initiatives that cover: new technologies, research and innovation; sustainable cancer prevention; improving early detection; ensuring high standards in care; improving quality of life; reducing cancer equalities; and enhancing the focus on childhood cancer.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detailed muscle state analysis method based on real-time wavelet analysis of surface myoelectric potential 基于表面肌电位实时小波分析的详细肌肉状态分析方法

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.62

Hidetoshi Nagai

{"title":"Detailed muscle state analysis method based on real-time wavelet analysis of surface myoelectric potential","authors":"Hidetoshi Nagai","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.62","url":null,"abstract":"Myoelectric refers to the use of electricity generated by muscles and is harnessed in the development of electrically powered prostheses, which are controlled by electromyographic (EMG) signals created in the residual musculature. Assistant professor Hidetoshi Nagai, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan, is interested in surface myoelectric signals and is working on a project to develop technology that can advance their use. Nagai will capture motor unit activities using surface electromyography, which is easy to measure during exercise, and use this as the basis for more detailed muscle activity analysis. The methods Nagai has developed require no special equipment, other than the ability to sample at frequencies of several tens of kHz, and only require a single channel, which indicates the potential for more sophisticated analysis when multiple channels of information are present. It is also a simple and lightweight process that can be executed in real time. Conventional analysis and evaluation of muscle activity cannot be performed from the perspective of motor unit activity but Nagai has built on the basic premise that given that muscle activity is the sum of motor unit activities, the analysis of muscle activity should be based on the analysis of motor unit activity. He will analyse the surface EMG signal from the viewpoint of its component waveform the motor unit waveform so that muscle activity analysis can be performed as it should be.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimally invasive tibial nerve decompression procedure could improve QOL in DFU patients with TTS 微创胫神经减压术可改善DFU合并TTS患者的生活质量

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.55

Tetsuji Uemura

{"title":"Minimally invasive tibial nerve decompression procedure could improve QOL in DFU patients with TTS","authors":"Tetsuji Uemura","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.55","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Tetsuji Uemura is a Visiting Professor in the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Showa University and Clinical Professor in the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Saga University Hospital. He is an expert in plastic surgery working to develop techniques and treatments for patients with diabetic food diseases, such as foot ulcers and gangrene. Although there is broad agreement regarding the existence of tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS), there are still differences of opinion regarding its epidemiology as an etiology for foot pain and paresthesia, particularly in patients with diabetes. There is also still confusion regarding the best conservative treatment, timing of surgical intervention, best surgical approach, and management of recurrences. In Japan and ASEAN countries, more and more patients with diabetic foot disease need to have lower limb amputations due, in part, to a lack of medical specialists for diabetic foot diseases. Uemura wants to help overcome this by harnessing his interest in chronic nerve compression of the tibial nerve inside the tarsal tunnel, caused by diabetes and how this can be treated and prevented. Five key themes for Uemura and his fellow researchers in the Department, known as SEEDs for the Project, are: Shaping the relationship between the progression of diabetic, neuropathy and changes in foot and gait; Establishing a simple and early diagnostic method for acute infections that lead to amputation; Establishing the effectiveness of prophylactic foot surgery for diabetic foot lesions, especially verifying the possibility of treatment to improve the neuropathy that causes diabetic foot lesions; and Developing shoes that effectively prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot lesions.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on novel HDL cholesterol excretion mechanism 新型高密度脂蛋白胆固醇排泄机制的研究

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.43

Maki Tsujita

{"title":"Research on novel HDL cholesterol excretion mechanism","authors":"Maki Tsujita","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.43","url":null,"abstract":"Too much cholesterol can lead to health problems but cholesterol on high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) is sometimes referred to as `good´ cholesterol because it is inversely related to cardiovascular disease risk. Junior Associate Professor Maki Tsujita, Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University, Japan, is leading a team of researchers conducting studies on the novel high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol excretion mechanism with a view to obtaining new insights on the link between lipid metabolism and diet. Cholesterol biosynthesis involves more than 30 biosynthetic steps and the body has an efficient absorption mechanism to acquire it from the diet via NPC1L1 in the small intestine. The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) acts as a key recycling mechanism for cholesterol that mediates the equilibrium of cholesteryl esters (CE), limiting cholesterol excretion. The focus of Tsujita's research is on the movement of free-cholesterol molecules and examining its excretion from the body. Tsujita' wants to clarify whether it is CE or free cholesterol that the SR-B1 receptor takes into the cell when it binds HDL, in order to better understand the details of the metabolism of cholesterol. In her current study, she is using a new approach to investigating the origin of free cholesterol in plasma and has found that radiolabelled FCs are increased in SR-BI deficient mice compared to wild-type mice, suggesting that the conversion of CE to FCs is occurring in the blood.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated analysis of the diverse information modalities spun by mitochondrial morphology 由线粒体形态旋转的多种信息模式的综合分析

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.29

Takafumi Miyamoto

{"title":"Integrated analysis of the diverse information modalities spun by mitochondrial morphology","authors":"Takafumi Miyamoto","doi":"10.21820/23987073.2023.3.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.3.29","url":null,"abstract":"At the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, a team led by Assistant Professor Takafumi Miyamoto are performing investigations to promote personalised nutrition solutions by developing technology to correctly regulate processes that occur at the cellular level. The researchers want to fill knowledge gaps and better understand how different factors impact health and well-being. Their diverse investigations cover cancer metabolism, synthetic biology, digital biology integrating life science and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology; personalised nutrition; and organelle code, all with the goal of creating a ´well-being` society. Lifestyle-induced diseases are on the rise and, by better understanding the complexities of diet and how it is related to well-being, Miyamoto and the team want to bring about a ´paradigm shift` in society. As such, studies including the visualisation of biological information encoded in blood, AI nutrition and epidemiological studies on food and health, are underway. Miyamoto believes that personalised nutrition will be the catalyst for establishing a society where food, education and medical care serve as social common capital locally. The researchers are developing novel biomolecular technologies and devices which foster physical wellness, including technology to correctly regulate the process of information processing at the cellular level. This involves research in synthetic biology. The team is currently fabricating wearable apparatus that can provide detailed information to deliver personalised nutrition.","PeriodicalId":13517,"journal":{"name":"Impact","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Welcome – Editorâ–™s Note 欢迎各位来到â™s的特色——编辑器

Impact Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.21820/23987073.2023.3.1

Lucy Annette

引用次数: 0

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