Indian Chemical Engineer最新文献

{"title":"Large scale strategy for the extraction of oil from sesame seed: scalable approach","authors":"Jayesh Mevada, Yogeshsing N. Rajput, Shaziya Chowdhary, Shirley Kokane, Faith Dias, Ranjeet B. Doke, R. Kulkarni, A. Pratap, A. Pandit","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2162448","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the present work, the scalable oil extraction strategy using a hybrid approach of soaking pretreatment, followed by ultrasound extraction has been studied. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is the emerging method for the extraction of oil from seeds, but the higher energy consumption is a major challenge associated with the scale-up. In the present study, the combined approach of pretreatment and ultrasound-assisted extraction has been explored to overcome this issue. The combined approach of oil extraction reduces the energy consumption from 7.063 kJ/gm of oil to 1.089 kJ/gm of oil and reduces the ultrasound treatment time from 15 min to 4 min when compared with ultrasound without pretreatment. The maximum oil extraction yield of 99.1% and treatment time of 4 min in a combined approach of heat soaking (70 °C, 60 min, 50% w/v solid loading) followed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (45 W, 4 min, and 50% duty cycle) makes the process a scalable approach for continuous oil extraction using flow cells. The required processing capacity of an ultrasound plant for processing 1-ton raw material per day is 2.777 kg/batch, which is 3.75 and 120.03 times as compared to ultrasound without pretreatment (10.416 kg/h) and Soxhlet method (333.33 kg/batch). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"335 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43360649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological behaviour modelling of phosphoric acid produced from Moroccan phosphate rocks","authors":"A. Boukhsib, L. Khamar, M. Kadiri, K. Khallaki, L. Omari","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2068078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2068078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rheological behaviour of the industrial phosphoric acid is considered as one if not the most important factor that affects the performance and profitability of phosphoric acid production in wet process facilities. This work is focused on studying and modelling the rheological behaviour of phosphoric acid produced from the Moroccan sedimentary phosphate rocks. The phosphoric acid is produced at different P2O5 concentrations, ranging from 18% P2O5 up to 54% P2O5. The rheograms experimentally elaborated under a range of temperature from 22°C to 80°C, allowed us to determine the rheological behaviours and the appropriate models for these acids. The recorded results indicate that the Herschel–Bulkley model fits all the acids perfectly under the different conditions, with regression coefficient R 2 greater than 99.3% and mean absolute error of less than 0.142. Furthermore, we managed to develop a mathematical model that describes the apparent viscosity of this acid in terms of P2O5 concentration and temperature. The model obtained presents a regression coefficient of 79.26% and a mean absolute error of 4.111. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"14 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45897116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel microporous material-induced high selective membrane for acetic acid dehydration: experiments and molecular modelling","authors":"Harsha Nagar, V. Aniya, A. Kesari, V. Rao","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2162446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2162446","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Zeolite Y-doped sulphonated polyethersulphone (SPES) membrane is investigated for acetic acid dehydration by pervaporation. The membrane exhibits desired functional group, semicrystalline nature and high thermal stability with a uniform dispersion of filler. A 15 wt% zeolite Y loading was found to be the most appropriate with a low degree of swelling (30%) and mechanical stability (37 MPa). Molecular dynamic simulation estimates the water and acetic acid which reveals higher diffusivity of water molecules than acetic acid. The RDF analysis shows the high interaction of water molecules towards the zeolite Y and sulphonic group. The simulated diffusivity of acetic acid and water was validated with experimental diffusivity and it was to be in good agreement with an error below ±5%. The effect of different feed water concentrations (3–70 wt %), permeate pressures (1–11 mm Hg) and membrane thicknesses (30–180 μm) was investigated. The synthesised membrane exhibits high selectivity (1261) and optimum flux at a 97:3 ratio of acetic acid:water. The interaction of zeolite Y with SPES induces the hydrophilic nature in the membrane which preferentially improves the diffusion and permeation of water and restricts the acetic acid which causes the optimum water flux with high selectivity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"78 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43925012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of response surface methodology for defluoridation of water using zirconia-activated carbon nanocomposite","authors":"Poornima G. Hiremath, Harish Phattepur, Omkar S. Baradol, K. Shreyas","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2144486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2144486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43751083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D2EHPA treated resin for the extraction of rare earth elements","authors":"Benadict Rakesh, Anupam Sourav Patel, Shashi Rana, T. P. Kumar","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2149427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2149427","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Resin-based separation techniques are utilised for the extraction of metals. However, separation of rare earth elements in ultrapure form by using resins is difficult due to similarity in chemical properties of rare earth elements. An attempt has been made to improve the selectivity of resin for the extraction of rare earth elements by using di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). D2EHPA treated macroporous chloromethylated styrene divinyl benzene resin has been prepared and its potential to extract rare earth elements such as praseodymium and neodymium has been investigated. The extraction of neodymium was marginally higher than praseodymium. However, stripping of neodymium was significantly higher as compared to stripping of praseodymium in both hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid media. The properties of the resins have also been studied by using various instrumental techniques such as thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44643863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide removal from biogas through sorption processes using natural and activated zeolite adsorbents","authors":"Elshaday Mulu, M. M’Arimi, R. Ramkat, Elsabet Mulu","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2144485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2144485","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Natural zeolite is among the low-cost materials that can be used to remove contaminants in biogas. The cleaning of biogas increases its energy density and reduces possible negative effects. The current study aimed to upgrade biogas using natural zeolites. The activation of natural zeolite was done using sodium hydroxide. The adsorbent samples were characterised using an XRF machine, while the biogas samples were analysed using Shimadzu gas chromatography and a portable digital gas detector. The effect of zeolite-to-water ratio on the carbonation process was investigated. In addition, the effects of biogas flow rate, adsorbent dose and contact time on the dry adsorption process were studied. The maximum CO2 uptake of zeolite was 4.8 and 0.2 mmol/g by dry adsorption and wet carbonation process, respectively. The results indicate that surface adsorption favoured by a low Si2O3/Al2O3 ratio was more prominent than carbonation that requires high basic oxides. The results showed that an increase in the dose of activated clay from 2.5 to 35 g increased the removal efficiency of CO2 from 11.2% to 79.8%, while the CO2 uptake decreased from 4.8 to 2.5 mmol/g. Furthermore, the experimental data fitted best to pseudo-first-order kinetics and the Bohart-Adams model for the breakthrough curve. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"312 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43167172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the volatile constituents of Anvillea garcinii subsp. radiata obtained by Head-Space Solid-Phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) and classic hydrodistillation and antioxidant activity of essential oil","authors":"L. Oucheikh, Omar Ou-ani, A. Ansari, A. Oubair, L. Majidi, J. Costa, M. Znini","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2144487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2144487","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research aims to extract the essential oil (EO) and a volatile fraction (VF) from Anvillea garcinii subsp. radiata obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and Head-Space Solid-Phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) methods, respectively as well as to examine the antioxidant activity of isolated EO. Gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) allowed the identification of 35 and 26 volatile components, representing respectively 90.7% and 91.6% of the total compositions of EO and VF. Quantitative and qualitative differences in two chemoprofiles were observed. Cis 8-acetoxychrysantenyl acetate (30.8%), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (15.5%) and 6-oxocyclonerolidol (14.9%) were the major constituents of the EO, whereas 6-oxocyclonerolidol (53.9%) and 6-hydroxycyclonerolidol (18.1%) were the main components of HS-SPME extract. The antioxidative activity of the isolated EO was determined by using two different methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical activity assay and the β-carotene bleaching (BCB) test. The results showed that EO expresses satisfactory antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 270.53 and 181.92 μg/ml using DPPH and BCB assays, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the VF obtained by HS-SPME-GC-MS method and the antioxidant activity of this species. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"325 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41518016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"S. Basu","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2151226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2151226","url":null,"abstract":"The present number of ICE is a designated Special Issue, examining the concept of ‘Green Energy and Sustainable Environment’. Conventional energy sources, primarily fossil fuels, are fast depleting. Moreover, they are the leading factor behind massive Carbon Footprints and the resultant Global Warming. The papers, included in this issue, were originally presented at an international conference, held by the National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, to explore and investigate innovative ideas and novel technologies within the realm of a sustainable ecosystem. Humanity is at a crossroad today. On the one hand, the mankind is facing an unprecedented threat to its very survival in the long run due to the Climate Change across the globe. On the other hand, for ensuring a better and more liveable world for ourselves and the posterity, nations are joining hands at many levels and the boundaries are blurring. This is particularly true in the realm of science and technology. For instance, our fight against the deadly pandemic would have been much more difficult in the absence of relentless cooperation and collaboration between multiple nations to rein in the dreaded virus with new vaccines and innovative treatment regimens. Against this backdrop, for Chemical Engineering and its allied fields, sustainability through development of innovative technologies is becoming a priority on each passing day. Indeed, Chemical Engineering is an all-embracing discipline as it is present in many layers of the living world – energy, environment, food, water, manufacturing, health and medicines, etc. As responsible members of the Chemical Engineering fraternity, the task, therefore, is to continue with our job to search persistently so as to attain sustainability as well as growth and development through innovative technologies. This Special Issue of ICE is being published in that spirit. ICE will continue to highlight various aspects of sustainability, green technology and development. In the coming issue, we will present select articles on the questions of sustainability in the mineral sector, energy efficiency with regard to fossil fuels, etc. The papers, to be published, were presented at IIChE’s annual Chemical Engineering Congress in 2021 (CHEMCON 2021), which was organised at the CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar. Finally, we are keen on receiving quality research papers from ICE’s readers in India and abroad, who are consummate academics, serious research scholars and keen students, and, like us, who are looking for a better world to live.","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"64 1","pages":"432 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41502487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional PIλDµ controller design for non-linear PEM fuel cell for pressure control based on a genetic algorithm","authors":"A. Routh, Sankhadeep Ghosh, M. Rahaman, A. Ghosh","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2133641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2133641","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A fractional-order dynamic model could more accurately model many real scenarios than an integer-order model and provide a more accurate description of numerous genuine dynamical processes. A seventh-order nonlinear proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model is linearised in this research, taking into account correct initial conditions and equilibrium points.We consider the fluctuating load current as a disturbance parameter to affect the system. The goal is to find a control law for the MIMO system using a fractional PID controller based on a genetic algorithm. The controller is a critical part of the fuel cell which controls its functioning and efficiency. The goal is accomplished by designing a fractional controller to adjust the natural response of the fuel cell reactor and maintain the desired Power output in the face of uncertainties and disturbances. The validation results demonstrate that the fractional PIλDµ(FOPID) control method has a smaller overshoot and higher stability than the PID control method. Moreover, it is also observed that the operation efficiency of the PEMFC has risen by 2% with a response timing of less than 0.1 s using the developed fractional PIλDµ(FOPID) control technique. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"65 1","pages":"125 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41335611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible light irradiated photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons using hybrid polyaniline/ CuO nanocomposite in aqueous system","authors":"Deeksha Matthew, V. Shetty K.","doi":"10.1080/00194506.2022.2124198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00194506.2022.2124198","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ever-increasing energy demand has resulted in an increase in CO2 emissions and global warming. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol, which is considered to be the next generation alternate fuel is gaining interest to combat global warming and to move towards a methanol economy. The present work focuses on photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using Polyaniline/CuO (PANI/CuO) nanocomposite to methanol, formic acid, and formaldehyde under visible light irradiation. CuO nanoparticles were synthesised using the aqueous extract of Tectona grandis (teak) leaves and further used in the synthesis of PANI/CuO nanocomposite with different CuO loading. PANI/CuO nanocomposite exhibited visible light activity in the reduction of CO2 to form methanol, formic acid, and formaldehyde. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with PANI/CuO nanocomposite containing 13.7% by weight of CuO resulted in a maximum yield of methanol. The band gap energy of the nanocomposite was found to be 2.28 eV, thus confirming its good visible light activity and the PANI-CuO heterojunction-based mechanism of photocatalysis is proposed. The synthesis of PANI-CuO photocatalyst uses CuO which is synthesised by an eco-friendly route with the utilisation of teak leaves, a timber industry waste and thus it can serve as a greener catalyst. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":13430,"journal":{"name":"Indian Chemical Engineer","volume":"64 1","pages":"508 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45044982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}