Immunotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Could immunotherapy be a feasible treatment option for patient's suffering from chronic epilepsy?","authors":"Colin P Doherty","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2665027","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2665027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"271-273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupilumab improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis: a plain language summary.","authors":"Mary Jo Strobel, Jonathan M Spergel, Mirna Chehade, Evan S Dellon, Albert J Bredenoord, Bram P Raphael, Cristina Almansa, Sarette T Tilton, Ryan B Thomas","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2658371","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2658371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with low PD-L1 expression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Akhil Deepak Vatvani, Gilbert Lazarus, Reyad Al Jabiri, Rama Nada, Maria Albuja Altamirano, Eunhee Choi, Nehad Shabarek","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2665031","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2665031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is widely used as first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC, but its benefit in patients with low PD-L1 expression remains uncertain. This study evaluated pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in advanced or metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 <50%.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials up to 17 September 2025. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four randomized controlled trials (<i>n</i> = 2,413) were included. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy improved overall survival (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46-0.96), while progression-free survival showed a non-significant trend (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.42-1.03). Subgroup analyses by PD-L1 (<1% and 1-49%) showed borderline, non-significant effects. Objective response rate was higher overall (RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.13-2.70) but not significant by subgroup, with moderate heterogeneity. Certainty of evidence was low. Safety outcomes were not pooled; available data suggested similar adverse events but higher immune-related toxicity and numerically higher treatment-related deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy may improve survival in advanced NSCLC with low PD-L1 expression, but benefits were inconsistent across subgroups and limited by imprecision and heterogeneity. Safety data remain limited and should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"339-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-related adverse events as predictors of pathological complete response in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with pembrolizumab.","authors":"Ali Kaan Güren, Nazım Can Demircan, Özge Gümüşay, Eda Tanrıkulu Şimşek, Fatih Kemik, Çağla Karaoğlu, Taha Koray Şahin, Salih Tünbekici, Kübra Akkaya, Murad Guliyev, Barış Gezici, Hasibe Bilge Gür, Delyadil Karakaş, Ahmet Ünlü, Oğuz Altunok, İsmail Nazlı, Sedat Biter, Tuğba Kaya, Özge Yetginoğlu, Tuğçe Kübra Güneş, Lamia Şeker Can, Nargiz Majidova, Nadiye Sever, Aysun Fatma Akkuş, İsmail Oğuz Kara, Banu Öztürk, Adem Deligönül, Muhammet Ali Kaplan, Elif Atağ, İlhan Hacıbekiroğlu, Nebi Serkan Demirci, Fatih Selçuk Biricik, Deniz Can Güven, Sercan Aksoy, Rukiye Arıkan, Murat Sarı, İbrahim Vedat Bayoğlu, Osman Köstek","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2662201","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2662201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy improved pathological complete response (pCR) rates in early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the relationship between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and treatment response remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between the development of irAEs and pCR in TNBC patients receiving neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-based therapy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this multicenter retrospective study, early TNBC patients who received neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-based therapy were evaluated. Clinicopathologic features, irAE occurrence, and pCR rates were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 203 patients who completed neoadjuvant treatment and underwent surgery, 127 (62.6%) achieved pCR. irAEs were more frequent in the pCR group compared with the non-pCR group (35.4% vs 19.7%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Both univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed a significant association between irAE development and pCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with early TNBC treated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab, irAEs occurred more often in those achieving pCR. These findings suggest that irAEs may reflect enhanced immune activation and could serve as a potential indicator of treatment response. Further prospective studies are needed to validate this observation and clarify its clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"317-326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors in <i>POLE/POLD1</i> proofreading-deficient CRC: from molecular basis to clinical practice and future directions.","authors":"Lei Jiang, Zhongxia Yang, Xiaojun Liu","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2662823","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2662823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have fundamentally reshaped the therapeutic paradigm for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Beyond the established dMMR/MSI-H population, a molecularly distinct, hyper-immunogenic subset-governed by pathogenic aberrations in the exonuclease domains of <i>POLE/POLD1</i>-has emerged as a pivotal clinical entity. Characterized by an ultra-hypermutated phenotype, these tumors harbor a mutational load that typically dwarfs the benchmarks established by dMMR/MSI-H malignancies. In this review, we synthesize the molecular underpinnings of <i>POLE/POLD1</i> deficiency, emphasizing a \"threshold effect\" where extreme neoantigen density triggers a self-reinforcing inflammatory loop, fundamentally reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). To ensure a robust synthesis of the field, a systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases until December 2025, with additional manual screening of reference lists from key studies. Our analysis underscores superior, often durable, responses in this subgroup, while addressing a formidable obstacle: the interpretation of Variants of Uncertain Significance (VUS). We highlight the critical need to distinguish passenger mutations from true proofreading defects, as therapeutic benefit is strictly tethered to functional pathogenicity. Finally, we propose an integrated biomarker framework that moves beyond binary genomic screening toward a functional hierarchy of polymerase variants, providing a definitive roadmap for the next generation of precision immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"327-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating oral nutritional support and the nutritional risk scores in ICI-treated metastatic solid tumours.","authors":"Caner Acar, Gökhan Şahin, Haydar Çağatay Yüksel, Fatma Pinar Açar, Bilge Bayır, Irem Özdemir, Burçak Karaca, Erdem Göker","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2660558","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2660558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition is common in metastatic cancer and may compromise outcomes. We evaluated whether oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) improves survival and compared the performance of nutritional risk scores in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-treated patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 538 adults with metastatic solid tumors who initiated ICIs between 2015 and 2024. Baseline ONS use, clinicopathological variables, and laboratory parameters were recorded. Survival outcomes were assessed after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>246 matched patients were evaluated. ONS was not associated with better overall survival (OS: median 13.9 vs 11.0 months; <i>p</i> = 0.70) or progression-free survival (PFS: 3.4 vs 4.4 months; <i>p</i> = 0.11). Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurred in 40.2% of ONS users versus 34.0% of non-users (<i>p</i> = 0.469). The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) independently predicted OS and PFS (all <i>p</i> < 0.001), with PNI and mGPS showing the best discrimination. Subgroup analyses across nutritional scores revealed no survival benefit with ONS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ONS did not improve survival or rates of irAEs in metastatic patients receiving ICIs, whereas nutritional scores provided strong prognostic stratification. Prospective trials integrating longitudinal nutrition monitoring, immunonutrition, and multimodal cachexia therapy are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"285-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147722874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating pozelimab in the treatment of CHAPLE disease.","authors":"Necmiye Keser Ozturk, Durmus Burak Demirkaya, Alper Bulutoglu, Asena Pınar Sefer, Ahmet Ozen","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2639273","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2639273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CHAPLE disease (Complement Hyperactivation, Angiopathic Thrombosis, and Protein-Losing Enteropathy [PLE]) is a rare, life-threatening disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the <i>CD55</i> gene, which encodes decay-accelerating factor, a key regulator of the complement system. The disease typically manifests in early childhood with hypoalbuminemic edema, gastrointestinal symptoms, recurrent infections, and failure to thrive, alongside an elevated thrombotic risk due to complement-mediated endothelial injury and coagulation activation. Given these pathogenetic mechanisms, complement-targeted therapies have emerged as a rational approach to disease management. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody against complement component C5, initially demonstrated clinical benefit when administered on a compassionate-use basis. Building upon this success, pozelimab, a next-generation subcutaneous anti-C5 monoclonal antibody, was evaluated in CHAPLE patients and subsequently received U.S. FDA approval for this indication. Pozelimab effectively inhibits terminal complement activation, leading to sustained remission of PLE, obviating the need for albumin replacement, reducing hospitalization rates, improving symptom control and nutritional status, and ultimately enhancing overall quality of life. This review highlights the evolving role of pozelimab in CHAPLE disease by discussing its mechanistic basis, emerging clinical evidence, and implications for patient-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"75-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for advanced HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: KEYNOTE-859 Q-TWiST analysis.","authors":"Lucjan Wyrwicz, Vasiliki Kalampoki, Adriana Valderrama, Kate Young","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647579","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>In KEYNOTE-859, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus placebo plus chemotherapy for participants with untreated locally advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, with manageable safety. This post hoc analysis assessed Quality-adjusted Time Without Symptoms of disease progression or Toxicity of treatment (Q-TWiST).</p><p><strong>Participants and methods: </strong>Survival time was grouped into three health states: TOX (time with any grade ≥3 adverse event [AE] before disease progression), TWiST (time before PD or death without grade ≥3 AEs), and REL (time from PD to death). Q-TWiST was the sum of restricted mean survival time (RMST) in each state, weighted by utilities estimated using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Relative gains in Q-TWiST ≥15% were considered \"clearly clinically important.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RMST was longer in TOX (2.30 months [95% CI, 1.28 to 3.44]) and TWiST (1.90 months [95% CI, -0.02 to 3.79]) and shorter in REL (-0.28 months [95% CI, -2.43 to 2.01]) with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy at month 56, for a relative Q-TWiST gain of 20.90% (US algorithm) or 18.38% (standardized algorithm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A clearly clinically important Q-TWiST gain was observed with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in all participants.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>www.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier is NCT03675737.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiuli Zhou, Wenbo Tang, Liqiong Xue","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643939","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have brought a paradigm shift in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but their first-line efficacy remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis compared the efficacy of ICIs versus the EXTREME regimen in R/M HNSCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of ICIs versus EXTREME in R/M HNSCC patients and reporting on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) were included. Kaplan-Meier curves of OS and PFS were reconstructed; ORR was presented as odds ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From an initial pool of 356 studies, three trials were included. In the total population, median OS was similar among ICI monotherapy (11.5 months), dual ICIs (12.5 months), and EXTREME (12.0 months). In the PD-L1 high expression population, ICI monotherapy and dual ICIs demonstrated a trend toward improved OS relative to EXTREME. EXTREME demonstrated better PFS and ORR than ICI monotherapy and dual ICIs in both the total and PD-L1 high expression populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>First-line ICI monotherapy and dual ICIs did not significantly improve OS, PFS, and ORR compared with EXTREME. However, a discernible trend suggested a potential survival benefit for ICIs in patients with high PD-L1 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"131-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plain language summary: Headache and migraine experiences in people with primary immunodeficiency receiving GAMMAPLEX® 5% or 10% intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.","authors":"Bob Geng, Kim Clark","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2633976","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2633976","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}