Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources最新文献

{"title":"Status of Genetic Resources in Oilseed Crops and Their Potential Use for Making India Atmanirbhar in Edible Oils","authors":"R. Yadav, P. Choudhury, Anjali Kak Koul, Veena . Gupta, Ashok Kumar, D. Yadava","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00047.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00047.x","url":null,"abstract":"Plant Genetic Resources play an important role in the genetic enhancement of different crops leading to food and nutritional security of the nation. India is genetic diversity rich country with more than 4.62 lakh accessions of 2065 crop species conserved National Gene Bank at National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. Oilseeds are integral part of the various crop breeding programmes under National Agricultural Research System. In case of nine edible oilseed crops grown in India 57977 accessions of 13 species are conserved in the National Gene. In general, it has been observed that the utilization of germplasm conserved in the National Gene Bank is very low. Characterization of the germplasm and identification of trait specific donors is pre-requisite for successful utilization in the various breeding programmes. In this direction efforts have been made by the Oilseed Breeders in the country and in addition to release and notification of 956 varieties of nine oilseed crops since 1969, 193 novel genetic stocks of different oilseed crops for different agro-morphological, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, high seed meal and oil quality traits have been registered with NBPGR. In addition, a large number of exotic collections have also been procured and being utilized in breeding programmes and more trait specific germplasm of all the oilseed crops has been identified along with their source country. For Atmanirbharta in edible oils in our country, we need to follow two-pronged strategy i.e. horizontal expansion targeting more area under oilseed crops and vertical expansion by deploying high yielding varieties and adoption of good agricultural practices. In vertical expansion breeding high yielding varieties is the main component which can be achieved with the use of diverse germplasm available globally. Hence, characterization and wider use of trait specific diverse germplasm of oilseed crops will be of great help in making the country Atmanirbhar in edible oils.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84247314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Fish Genetic Resources below the Species Level, Characterization and Applications in Resource Management","authors":"R. Singh, P. Divya, V. Mohindra, K. Lal","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00087.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00087.0","url":null,"abstract":"Intraspecific variation includes the genetic and phenotypic diversity found within and among populations that are often threatened by a reduction in population, local extinctions, climate change, and anthropogenic activities. Documentation of these below-species level variations constitutes the primary step towards conservation. High-resolution genetic markers can potentially be deployed to understand the pattern of genetic diversity at intra and inter-specific levels. The inferences drawn from genetic diversity analysis holds many applications, mainly taxonomy/systematics of species, understanding their genetic connectivity, identifying the breeding populations/ parentage assignment, fisheries management, and conservation measures including ranching programs for the purpose of genetic rescue and stock enhancement of wild relatives. These variations form strong foundation for creating base populations in a selective breeding program. With the adoption of novel high-resolution molecular tools and genome-wide approach, a comprehensive set of applications relevant to fisheries management, aquaculture development, biosecurity, and traceability in the supply chain system, can successfully provide momentum to the sectorial growth. This article highlights the significance and need for intraspecific genetic variabilities; and presents lead research undertaken for registering the genetic stocks and elite germplasm in the country, along with significant breakthroughs globally.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82428658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Genetic Resources: Some Aspects and Prospects","authors":"Manoharachary Chakravarthula","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00094.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00094.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88231376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expedition Collection, Characterization and Diversity Analysis of the New Wild Sugarcane Germplasm from Manipur","authors":"P. Govindaraj, V. Amalraj","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00022.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88992478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contributions of Dr RS Paroda to the Field of Genetic Resource Management","authors":"A. Agrawal","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00111.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00111.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79794520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation and Use of Underutilized Crops: Challenges and Way Forward","authors":"B. Mal","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00061.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00061.4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reinforces the importance of underutilized crops and the need for organized research efforts for their improvement. These include species also classified as underexploited crops, under-developed crops, underused crops, abandoned crops, lost crops, orphan crops, minor crops, traditional crops, forgotten crops, vanishing crops, local crops, indigenous crops, niche crops, life support species, poor people’s crops, subsistence crops, crops for future, nutri-rich crops, and new potential crops, which have great potential to be used in mainsteam agriculture. The domestication of new crops would promote agricultural diversity and could provide a solution to many of the problems associated with intensive agriculture. Being nutritionally very rich, they have proved good potential for food and nutritional security, health and income generation especially for local communities. The use of modern science to improve their productivity, value addition and use by agro-industries are new opportunities that need to be harnessed.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78014474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Validation of Bold Seeded Accession in Ricebean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi]","authors":"P. G. Gore, S. Hajong, Mohar Singh, Neeta Singh, Veena . Gupta","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00001.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00001.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73181956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini Core Germplasm Collections for Developing Climate Resilient Crop Cultivars and Achieving Enhanced Genetic Gains in Plant Breeding Programs","authors":"H. Upadhyaya, A. Paterson","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00045.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00045.6","url":null,"abstract":"Crop germplasm diversity contributes to developing improved crop cultivars aimed at increasing crop productivity to meet future food security needs of world. The large size of germplasm collections and lack of reliable information on traits of economic importance has resulted in low use (<1%) of germplasm. To facilitate realization of the potential benefits of germplasm collections to broaden the genetic base of cultivars in many crops, the mini core (~1% of the entire collection) concept was postulated and a development process proposed, to produce resources recognized globally as an “International Public Good” (IPG). Mini core collections have been developed in several crops and new diverse sources of genetic variation identified for biotic and abiotic stresses, agronomic and nutritional traits for use in crop improvement programs. Using genetically diverse sources scientists have developed breeding lines with enhanced trait expression and higher genetic gains. Molecular characterization of germplasm has revealed that phenotypic traits were as effective as molecular markers in sampling allelic diversity to form mini core collections.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81717072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetable Genetic Resources to Mitigate Nutritional Insecurity in India","authors":"T. Behera, Jagdish Singh, R. K. Dubey, S. Tiwari","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00052.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00052.3","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable crops are key sources of essential micronutrients required for good health. They add fiber, flavor, taste, and nutritional quality to human diets. Increasing production and consumption of vegetables constitutes a direct and affordable way to deliver better health and overcome malnutrition. Vegetable production has the potential to generate more income and employment than any other segment of the agricultural economy. Vegetables can be grown on small areas of land, close to the consumers in urban and peri-urban settings, and they do not necessarily need advanced technologies to grow them. To realize those benefits, governments and donors need to give more weight and support to the ex situ, on-farm, and in situ conservation of genetic resources including farmers’ varieties, landraces, and wild related species of global, as well as traditional, vegetables.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86084868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poultry Genetic Resources of India and its Role in Rural Poultry Production","authors":"A. Mishra","doi":"10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00076.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2022.00076.6","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of Indian agriculture. Scientific, technological advancements and introduction of high yielding germplasm have led to great expansion of poultry industry in last few decades. However, now a day’s indigenous breeds are gaining importance due to increasing demand for their quality products. The peoples are ready to pay higher cost to egg and meat of indigenous breeds due to their quality and taste. Native breeds are acceptable by the local people since it suits their socio-cultural way of life. The traditional system of poultry production is still prevalent in the rural areas and is the backbone of rural poultry production. Presently the poultry farming have two distinct facets- the commercial – high input intensive production and extensive low-input rural/backyard poultry production. Each one is equally important, but has widely diverse input needs, especially the type of germplasm. Chicken and ducks are two major avian species in India used for production of eggs and meat both under un-organized and organized sector. The wide variation of agro-climatic conditions has facilitated the evolution and development of many poultry breeds out of which 19 chickens, 2 duck and 1 of geese have been registered.","PeriodicalId":13295,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85525356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}