Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Hearing impairment and ear diseases in rural part of Haryana","authors":"H. Sanju, A. Yadav","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0017","url":null,"abstract":"The limitations in hearing screening methods, execution of treatment plans forms a dearth insight to identify hearing disorders at earliest in the rural parts of India. The current study was conducted to analyze the distribution of hearing impairment among the cluster of villages in Pachgaon of Gurgaon District, Haryana. A total of 738 participants participated in the survey. There were 13 questions adapted from similar kind of studies which was related to self-assessment of hearing quality and history of any kind of pathological condition. The outcome of present questionnaire-based investigation revealed that a good percentage of population in rural part of Haryana were at risk of hearing loss. The finding of the present study also showed that population in the age range of 8 to 17 years were having more prevalence of ear discharge than higher age group. Proper measure should be taken by audiologists and government for management of hearing loss among these population to enhance their quality of hearing and life.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85214788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ultrasound and doppler in characterizing thyroid nodules and differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules","authors":"Shubha N Rao, R. Dsouza, E. Saldanha, P. Joshua","doi":"10.18231/2455-846x.2018.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2455-846x.2018.0005","url":null,"abstract":"One of the consequences of increased use of imaging has been the discovery of incidentalomas, or pseudodiseases, that are common in the general population but have no or minor clinical significance. One such incidentaloma, the thyroid nodule, is extremely common, found in some autopsy series in as much as 50% of the general population. Most thyroid nodules are benign, usually as a part of multinodular changes. Clinical examination is poor at detecting small thyroid nodules, highlighted by the fact that approximately 70% of clinically normal thyroid glands contain nodules of less than 1 cm when examined sonographically. The ultimate aim in the management of a thyroid nodule is to identify the small group of patients in whom the nodule is malignant and would benefit from early aggressive treatment while avoiding unnecessary investigation and surgery in the majority of patients who have a benign nodule. In view of the above said, we conducted this study to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultrasound and doppler in characterizing thyroid nodules and differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules and correlation of this with the results of FNAC and or histopathology. A prospective study comparing FNAC and HPE on 110 patients was performed. Majority of our patients were in the age group of 40-49 years, predominant in females. Conclusion: FNAC sampling is a simple technique, which is easier to perform by the personnel and has better patient acceptability. FNA of thyroid is basically a technique that helps in differentiating lesions that require surgery from those can be managed conservatively. It can be used as initial modality in the evaluation of palpable thyroid nodules. But imaging also yields accuate results comapable to FNA.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85025691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of mandibular foramen from different bony landmarks in dry human mandibles","authors":"Anil Sastya","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Mandibular foramen is an irregular foramen located just above the center of the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible. Mandibular foramen is leading to mandibular canal through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels will transmit and supply the teeth of lower jaw. 1 The inferior alveolar nerve block is the commonest local anesthetic technique which is used for anaesthetizing the lower jaw in various surgical & dental operations on the mandible and mandibular teeth such as removal of impaction, reductions of fractures and extraction of teeth. The success of this technique highly depends on the proximity of the needle tip to the MF at the time of the anesthetic injection. The aim of the study was to find exact location of mandibular foramen from different anatomical landmark. In present study we took 60 dry human mandibles & all the distances were measured from center of mandible to different landmark on both sides. The mean of MF-AB distance on right side is 15.6mm & on left side is 15.3mm. Mean of MF-PB distance are 12.0mm & 11.0mm on right side and left side respectively. MF-MB distance 23.4 mm and 22.9 mm are the mean of MF-MN on right and left side respectively. The mean of MF-AG is 23.2mm on right side & 24.2mm on left side. There is great variation found in the position of MF in previous studies. The present study helps in dental anaesthesia and also would help dental surgeons to avoid complications.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91091266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriological profile and drug sensitivity patterns in chronic suppurative otitis media patients at J. L. N. Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh State, India","authors":"S. Rathi, A. Jaiswal, N. Sharma, P. Banerjee, A. K. Garg","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To isolate and identify various bacterial pathogens in positive ear swab cultures of CSOM cases and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of different bacterial species identified. \u0000Study design: Prospective study \u0000Setting: J. L. N. Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai (C.G).\u0000Materials and Method: The study was done on the population of Bhilai and surrounding region. A sample size of 120 cases attending the ENT OPD with the diagnosis of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and active ear discharge were included in the study. Detailed history, general physical examination, local systemic examination was done along with aural swab for Gram’s staining and aerobic bacterial culture and drug sensitivity . The data were then compared with the relevant & available literature.\u0000\u0000Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 11-20 years (38.33%), followed by 21-30 years age group (31.67%). More males (60%) were affected by the disease than females (40%). Unilateral (59.16%) infection was more common than bilateral (40.83%). Incidence of monobacterial (90%) etiology was more common than polymicrobial (9.1%). Staphylococcus aureus 67 (51.53%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria followed by the Pseudomonas 26 (20%). Antibiogram showed the most effective drugs in the present study are clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, chloramphenicol and ceftazidime\u0000Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen isolated, followed by Pseudomonas. Clindamycin was the most effective antibiotic followed by cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, chloramphenicol and ceftazidime. Antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms varies according to geographical area and local practice regarding the choice of antibiotics. A continuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in local area is helpful in prescribing empirical antibiotics for successful treatment of otitis media and thus minimi","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74865288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cadaveric study of common carotid arteries for the presence of additional branches","authors":"C R Premakumari, Dnyaneshwar","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The common carotid arteries with their terminal branches provide the major source of arterial blood to the head, neck and brain. Among the arterial branches in the human body, carotid bifurcation is particularly important to avoid fatal mix up with internal carotid artery which supplies brain. A profound knowledge of variations in branching pattern is essential during carotid artery catheterization, carotid endartectomy and in thyroid surgeries to avoid fatal complications.\u0000Aims and Objectives: Present study was carried out to observe the origin of additional branches from common carotid arteries, excluding the terminal branches. i.e. internal and external carotid arteries\u0000Material and Methods: The present study was carried out in a total of 54 common carotid artery specimens, dissected in 27 embalmed cadavers (23 males, 4 females). Out of these, 27 left CCAs and 27 right CCAs were studied in the department of Anatomy, J.J.M Medical college, Davangere, India. The specimens were studied by detailed dissection method.\u0000Results: In the present study, 51.9 0/0 specimens showed additional branches; superior thyroid artery being the commonest (40.70/0).Trifurcation, with the origin of ascending pharyngeal artery at the termination was observed in 1.9% of the common carotid arteries.\u0000Conclusions: In the present study, frequent origin of superior thyroid artery from common carotid artery at different levels was found. The incidence of STA origin was higher compared to other studies. Origin of inferior thyroid artery from common carotid artery is the rarest possibility. In the present study, two specimens (3.7%) showed the origin of ITA from CCA.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Common carotid artery, Superior thyroid artery, Inferior thyroid artery, Trifurcation.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81844376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and attitude of nurses towards infant hearing impairment in North India","authors":"H. Sanju, Komal Aggarwal, Manish Choudhary, Aruna Yadav","doi":"10.18231/2455-846x.2018.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2455-846x.2018.0004","url":null,"abstract":"As research indicates that nurses are one of the core medical professionals who play a key role in the ICU as they can identify high risk babies who need audiological intervention, provided they should have adequate knowledge available in relation to different facts about pediatric hearing loss. To provide appropriate information to the nurses, audiologists should have basic layout regarding the status of the nurses in respect to the knowledge and attitude-related pediatric hearing loss and significant audiological management. The present research is being conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of issues in pediatric hearing loss among nurses across various range of hospital set up in northern India. A questionnaire-based study (online survey) of 22 questions was designed and adopted from similar studies to assess the knowledge and attitude among nurses regarding hearing impairment among pediatric population. A total of 115 nurses from primary nursing care, corporate and government hospitals participated in the present study. The outcome of the present study revealed poor knowledge and attitude towards hearing impairment of infants among nurses across north India. Henceforth, there is an urgent need to educate these professionals as prevention is better than cure.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Newborn hearing screening, Nurses, India.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88265439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare presentation of bronchogenic cyst as dysphagia","authors":"Girish Rai, Kavitha P Palled, Divyashree Manjunath","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Bronchogenic cysts are congenital foregut malformations that develop due to abnormal budding of the embryonic foregut and tracheobronchial tree. They are usually mediastinal or intrapulmonary, but can rarely be located in the lower neck. The mediastinal location is more common, and bronchogenic cysts comprise of up to 40-50% of all congenital mediastinal cysts. Although bronchogenic cysts are usually detected incidentally, 45% of patients will develop symptoms in their lifetime. This may be related to the location of the cyst rather than cyst size; cysts located above the hilum pose a higher risk for compressive symptoms. We report a case of paratracheal air cyst causing dysphagia, which was ultimately treated by surgical resection.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76805397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intusscuception in an infant - A case report","authors":"Sathialakshmi, S. RakeshRanjan, Suajtha Nagari, S. Swayamjothi","doi":"10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-5229.2018.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Intussusception is characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting and blood in stools. However, in younger infants it may present with non-classical symptoms such as listlessness, decreased feeding, and being non-specifically unwell.\u0000A Case of intussusception confirmed with the help of an abdominal ultrasound in 5 month old male infant who presented with irritable cry, spasmodic pain, and not taking feeds properly. The purpose of presenting this paper is to suggest a clinical diagnosis of intussusception, and to bring about the awareness of intussusception common in weaning period of very young infants and the latest treatment available which was so simple procedure without any complication and surgery.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Intussusception, Weaning, Spasmodic.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91158938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study to detect numerical aberrations of cyclin D1 gene using Fluorescence in situ hybridization technique among patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"D. Saxena, S. Yadav, V. Leela, Jaskaran Singh, B. Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2020.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2020.025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : The Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) located on chromosome 11q13 is a positive regulator of the cell cycle. It encodes a nuclear protein that plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of human cancers. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate numerical aberration of Cyclin D1 gene by using Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor section obtained from histological confirmed 50 OSCC patients from Department of Oncology, ENT and Pathology, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur. The FISH technique was used to detect the numerical aberrations of Cyclin D1 using the Vysis protocol. Results: The CCND1 numerical aberration was found positive in 18(36.0%) of 50 patients of OSCCs. Low level amplification was found in 9(11.3%), Cluster amplification 6(7.5%), polysomy 2(2.5%) and deletion of Cyclin D1 1(1.3%) respectively. There was not statistically significant association of histopathological differentiation, site of carcinoma, lymph node metastasis with gender. A significant association (P=0.004) was present between stage of carcinoma and types of numerical aberration of Cyclin D1 gene. Cyclin D1 aberration showed a significant association with lymph node metastasis (P=0.038). We have found no significant association between risk factors (tabacco chewing, smoking and alcohol consumption) to aberration of Cyclin D1 gene. Conclusions: Analysis of the CCND1 numerical aberration using FISH on paraffin embedded tumor section may be a useful and practical method for predicting aggressive tumors, recurrence and clinical outcome in patients with OSCCs.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79248829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cadaveric study on the morphology of psoas minor and psoas accessorius muscles","authors":"Prasenjit Bose, Barkha Singh, M. Sinha, Royana Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.ijashnb.2020.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijashnb.2020.026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the human body, one of the most variable muscle groups is the psoas muscle group. The psoas muscle group is composed of long fusiform muscles – major, minor and accessorius, and out of these the psoas major muscle is present in all individuals.\u0000Aim: Reporting the gross anatomic detail of the psoas minor and psoas accessories muscles is the main aim of our study.\u0000Materials and Methods: 25 formalin preserved and embalmed cadavers were available for our study. We took the different in-situ measurements with the help of a digital vernier caliper.\u0000Results: We found psoas minor muscle on the right side in 5 (20%) cadavers and on the left side in 4 (16%) cadavers. While in 3 cadavers (12%), psoas minor was present bilaterally. So out of 25 cadavers, psoas minor muscle was observed in 12 (48%). Psoas accessorius was present in just 1 cadaver (4%).\u0000Discussion: This psoas minor and psoas accessorius muscle has both evolutionary as well as clinical significance and importance.\u0000Conclusion: The morphology of this muscle is very important for anatomists, surgeons, kinesiologists and physiotherapists from its clinical point of view.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Iliopectineal eminence, Posterior abdominal wall, Psoas accessorius, Psoas major, Psoas minor and Pecten pubis.","PeriodicalId":13287,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75107385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}