European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal最新文献

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The Effect of the Great Recession on Interpersonal and Political Trust in Europe 大衰退对欧洲人际信任和政治信任的影响
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-04-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3400342
Peter Koczanski
{"title":"The Effect of the Great Recession on Interpersonal and Political Trust in Europe","authors":"Peter Koczanski","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3400342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3400342","url":null,"abstract":"Many individuals, from pundits to the Secretary of the UN General Assembly, have asserted that the world is experiencing a crisis of trust and conjecture a primary cause is the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. Using the European Social Survey, and data across fifteen countries from 2002 to 2016, I analyze the response of trust to financial crisis with an emphasis on how it varied across countries. First, I find that the purported “crisis of trust” is exaggerated. Second, I conclude that changes in the macro-economic environment have a non-linear effect on trust; small changes in GDP effect trust levels very little and it takes a major recession to have a significant effect on trust. Third, I find that the effect of financial crisis on rates of political trust differs across countries. Likewise, other determinants of trust exhibit considerable cross-country variation. Fourth, I find that demographic variables might help explain peculiarities in the relationship between changes in the macro-economy and levels of trust. <br>","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134385020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Restructuring Italian (or Other Euro Area) Debt: Do Euro CACs Constrain or Expand the Options? 重组意大利(或其他欧元区)债务:欧元区CACs是限制还是扩大了选择?
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-04-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3364982
Mark C. Weidemaier
{"title":"Restructuring Italian (or Other Euro Area) Debt: Do Euro CACs Constrain or Expand the Options?","authors":"Mark C. Weidemaier","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3364982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3364982","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the intersection between two fundamental attributes of Euro Area sovereign debt. The first is that sovereigns tend to issue bonds governed by their own law, which makes a debt restructuring comparatively easy. The second is the standardized collective action clause (CAC) mandated for most sovereign bonds by the treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism. These Euro CACs let a bondholder supermajority approve a debt restructuring in a vote that binds dissenters. How Euro CACs interact with local law advantage is one of the central legal uncertainties affecting debt restructuring in the Euro Area. History teaches that borrower governments can easily restructure local-law debt. But this intuition co-exists with a widespread sense that Euro CACs make it harder for governments to exploit the benefits of local law. \u0000 \u0000Using a hypothetical Italian debt restructuring as an example, this paper explains why Euro CACs do not, in fact, materially constrain a sovereign’s ability to change its local law to facilitate restructuring. Put simply: From a restructurer’s perspective, Euro CACs are the safe option, not the only one. A restructuring conducted via the CAC will leave no holdouts and will survive almost any legal challenge. But a sovereign that has issued local-law debt remains free to alter its law to facilitate restructuring, although it will encounter various legal constraints in doing so. These constraints, however, are not absolute; there is room for the prudent exercise of local law advantage. The paper closes by discussing implications for current reform efforts in the Euro Area, including efforts to revise the Euro CAC template.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114900855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Cohesion Policy Meets Heterogeneous Firms 凝聚力政策面对异质性企业
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3488374
Loredana Fattorini, Mahdi Ghodsi, Armando Rungi
{"title":"Cohesion Policy Meets Heterogeneous Firms","authors":"Loredana Fattorini, Mahdi Ghodsi, Armando Rungi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3488374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3488374","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we empirically test the effects of the EU ‘cohesion policy’ on the performance of about 500,000 European manufacturing firms after combining regional policy data at NUTS- 2 level with firm-level data. In a framework of heterogeneous firms and different absorptive capacity of regions, we show that financing of ‘cohesion policy’ by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) aimed at direct investments in R&D correlates with improvement of firms’ productivity in a region. Conversely, funding designed at overall Business Support correlates with negative productivity growth rates. In both cases, we registered an asymmetric impact along the firms’ productivity distribution, where a stronger impact can be detected in the first quartile, i.e. less efficient firms in a region. We finally argue that considering the heterogeneity of firms allows a better assessment of the impact of ‘cohesion policy’ measures.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123132732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Eurozone Creation and Possible Exits: Political, Institutional, Monetary and Economic Issues - An Analysis of the Key Stress Points of the Single Currency and Their Interactions 欧元区的创建和可能的退出:政治、制度、货币和经济问题——单一货币的主要压力点及其相互作用分析
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3267211
R. Masera
{"title":"Eurozone Creation and Possible Exits: Political, Institutional, Monetary and Economic Issues - An Analysis of the Key Stress Points of the Single Currency and Their Interactions","authors":"R. Masera","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3267211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3267211","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that EMU has been and continues to be a politically driven process. In this perspective, it examines the issues and the implications of potential Euroexit and Euro break up: it underlines that these processes would have a prominent political dimension, as was the case for the creation of the euro. A complex-system network approach is adopted to examine the principal vulnerabilities of the single currency without a state. The euro is at the center of an economic and monetary union with unique political, institutional and policy features. The Eurosystem – which comprises the European Central Bank and National Central Banks - is a construction with no parallel in time and space. The heart of the interactive dynamic web in the Eurosystem is a complicated payments and settlements system: Target Balances. Beyond their accounting functions, the Balances have macroeconomic, macroprudential, balance of payments, banking and monetary – geographical and area-wide – implications. These characteristics were not explored and understood until a few years ago. The risk features continue to be downplayed. This paper tries to bring the analytical and policy understanding one step forward. It shows that - beyond the relevant and complicated assessment of changing underlying factors, also on a country basis - a long-term relationship exists between monetary base creation in the Euro area and the Target System. It argues that the workings of the System in its present form blunt the inherent adjustment mechanism of a currency union. Five key areas of stress of the euro are identified and potential systemic fault lines are examined, with novel insights on transmission mechanisms of contagions and risk spillovers. The findings help outline remedial comprehensive actions of political economy to improve the resilience of the Eurozone.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128043324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Improving Subnational Government Development Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies: Toward a Strategic Approach 完善新兴和发展中经济体地方政府开发性融资:战略路径
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3358007
P. Smoke
{"title":"Improving Subnational Government Development Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies: Toward a Strategic Approach","authors":"P. Smoke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3358007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3358007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the rationale and potential for improving subnational development finance, outlines the overall landscape of institutional arrangements available for this purpose, and considers broad challenges involved. Based on a review of global practice and experience in selected Asian developing countries with a range of special entities and innovations to enhance subnational investment, it proposes a more integrated, strategic approach to building subnational development finance.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"548 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122280006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Income-Tax Transparency and Its Effect Towards Redistribution Evidence From a Natural Experiment in Norway 所得税透明度及其对再分配的影响——来自挪威一个自然实验的证据
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3331448
Rina Jio
{"title":"Income-Tax Transparency and Its Effect Towards Redistribution Evidence From a Natural Experiment in Norway","authors":"Rina Jio","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3331448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3331448","url":null,"abstract":"Taking advantage of the natural experiment in Norway, this paper shows the effect of the online publication of income-tax record on people’s attitude towards redistribution. The analysis employs a two-stage least square regression method and uses data from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 1999 and 2009. This study finds that online publication leads to a more efficient level of support for redistributive policies. This result offers an alternative for the government to boost the redistribution initiative to an optimal level without any conflict with political interest. It also adds a new perspective to the rich literature in economic inequality.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127701356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exposure of Firms to European Integration and the Role of National Policy Positions 企业对欧洲一体化的暴露和国家政策立场的作用
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3291510
Timo Plaga
{"title":"Exposure of Firms to European Integration and the Role of National Policy Positions","authors":"Timo Plaga","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3291510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3291510","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses information from political parties’ election programs to demonstrate how attitudes toward European integration affect domestic firms’ stock performance as indicated by abnormal returns surrounding 91 parliamentary elections in 20 EU countries. Interaction effects between political parties’ policy positions and firm-specific characteristics significantly affect the heterogeneity of stock price responses. Firms’ share of foreign sales and exposure to the tradable sector have a positive, and capital intensity a negative effect on the market response if the elected parties are in favor of European integration. Conversely, if political support of European integration is weak, firm size has a positive effect, whereas the foreign sales ratio is negatively associated with the market response. Controlling for parties’ positions on a set of single-issue categories provides a more nuanced view of the different policy risks than does the broad right-left measure employed in existing studies.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122110750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immigration and Preferences for Redistribution in Europe 欧洲移民与再分配偏好
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.3386/W25562
A. Alesina, Elie Murard, Hillel Rapoport
{"title":"Immigration and Preferences for Redistribution in Europe","authors":"A. Alesina, Elie Murard, Hillel Rapoport","doi":"10.3386/W25562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W25562","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the relationship between immigration and attitudes toward redistribution using a newly assembled data set of immigrant stocks for 140 regions of 16 Western European countries. Exploiting within-country variations in the share of immigrants at the regional level, we find that native respondents display lower support for redistribution when the share of immigrants in their residence region is higher. This negative association is driven by regions of countries with relatively large Welfare States and by respondents at the center or at the right of the political spectrum. The effects are also stronger when immigrants originate from Middle-Eastern countries, are less skilled than natives, and experience more residential segregation. These results are unlikely to be driven by immigrants' endogenous location choices.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"31 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114010785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 67
Taxation as a Means of Migration Control: The Case of Hungary 税收作为控制移民的一种手段:以匈牙利为例
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.54648/taxi2019026
A. Pirlot
{"title":"Taxation as a Means of Migration Control: The Case of Hungary","authors":"A. Pirlot","doi":"10.54648/taxi2019026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/taxi2019026","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows that different types of interactions can arise between taxation and migration policies. Migration leads to tax consequences and, at the same time, taxation can influence migration. An analysis of Hungary's special immigration tax seems to suggest that it is the latest example of a broader policy shift to control migration. Taxation is being used as a means to deal with the aftermath of the so-called ‘European migration crisis’ of 2015, during which EU Member States struggled to provide a coordinated and efficient response to a sharp increase in the arrival of asylum seekers. Although taxation can be a policy instrument to achieve regulatory objectives, the use of taxation to regulate migration is questionable and may lead to violations of human rights.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115712471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Soda Tax Incidence and Design Under Monopoly 垄断条件下苏打税的征收与设计
European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3343856
H. Cremer, C. Goulão, Jean-Marie Lozachmeur
{"title":"Soda Tax Incidence and Design Under Monopoly","authors":"H. Cremer, C. Goulão, Jean-Marie Lozachmeur","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3343856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3343856","url":null,"abstract":"We consider an unhealthy good, such as a sugar-sweetened beverage, the health damages of which are misperceived by consumers. The sugar content is endogenous. We first study the solution under “pseudo” perfect competition. In that case a simple Pigouvian tax levied per unit of output but proportional to the sugar content is sufficient to achieve a first best solution. Then we consider a monopoly. Market power affects both output and sugar content, possibly in opposite directions, and these effects have to be balanced against Pigouvian considerations. We show that, nevertheless, a tax per unit of output achieves an efficient solution, but it must be an affine function of the sugar content; taxing “grams of sugar” is no longer sufficient. Interestingly, both the total tax as well as its sugar component can be positive as well as negative.","PeriodicalId":132443,"journal":{"name":"European Economics: Political Economy & Public Economics eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129192760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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